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- Ahnfelt, Nils-Otto, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Making Early Modern Medicine : Reproducing Swedish Bitters
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ambix. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0002-6980 .- 1745-8234. ; 63:2, s. 162-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historians of science and medicine have rarely applied themselves to reproducing the experiments and practices of medicine and pharmacy. This paper delineates our efforts to reproduce "Swedish Bitters," an early modern composite medicine in wide European use from the 1730s to the present. In its original formulation, it was made from seven medicinal simples: aloe, rhubarb, saffron, myrrh, gentian, zedoary and agarikon. These were mixed in alcohol together with some theriac, a composite medicine of classical origin. The paper delineates the compositional history of Swedish Bitters and the medical rationale underlying its composition. It also describes how we go about to reproduce the medicine in a laboratory using early modern pharmaceutical methods, and analyse it using contemporary methods of pharmaceutical chemistry. Our aim is twofold: first, to show how reproducing medicines may provide a path towards a deeper understanding of the role of sensual and practical knowledge in the wider context of early modern medical culture; and second, how it may yield interesting results from the point of view of contemporary pharmaceutical science.
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| 2. |
- Cornu, Armel, 1994-
(författare)
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Senses and Utility in the New Chemistry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ambix. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0002-6980 .- 1745-8234. ; 70:4, s. 380-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The New Chemistry, as practised by its early proponents in late eighteenth-century France, is often associated with quantification and a move away fromsensorial perceptions. In this paper, I argue that the sensory, far from being dis-carded by the practitioners of the New Chemistry, thrived in one of their majorproductions: theAnnales de Chimie.Viewing the New Chemistry through its re-lation to the sensory highlights the diversity of chemical applications and offersa new way of examining the connection of chemistry to state and industrialactors. Chemists utilised a precise vocabulary which allowed them to produc-tively interact on the subject of the senses. Sensorial impressions were usedfor distinct purposes, including the identification of substances, and to trackthe progress of ongoing chemical transformations. Most important, thesenses were frequently tied to the purpose of chemical work. As chemists puttheir expertise in support of the state, industry, medicine, and commerce,they aimed to improve the sensory qualities of their objects of study, be theydairy products or fabric dyes. Remaining attuned to the senses, therefore,was an essential prerequisite of the New Chemistry’s claim to utility.
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| 5. |
- Fors, Hjalmar
(författare)
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Stepping through Science's Door : C. W. Scheele, from Pharmacist's Apprentice to Man of Science
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ambix. - 0002-6980 .- 1745-8234. ; 55:1, s. 29-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This reinterpretation of Carl Wilhelm Scheele's (1742-86) early life and career analyses the social interplay between Scheele and other chemists who were active in eighteenth-century Sweden. It is argued that Scheele, a rather lowly journeyman working in peripheral pharmacies, had to work hard and traverse several geographical and social boundaries to gain a foothold in the scientific community. Eventually, Scheele's skilful analysis of the mineral magnesia nigra would establish him as one of the pivotal Swedish chemists. However, this happened only after Scheele had managed to prove himself as a knowledgeable chemist who did not threaten the authority of certain socially superior colleagues. When Scheele had gained a place in the scientific community, the exchange logic of the eighteenth-century republic of letters permitted him to trade experimental results for other kinds of resources. Hence, he gained in both social status, economic prosperity and scientific prominence in a relatively short time.
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| 9. |
- Musso, Marta
(författare)
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Coal, Oil, and Empire
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ambix. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0002-6980 .- 1745-8234. ; 64:1, s. 95-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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