| 1. |
- Hannerz, Ulf
(författare)
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Diversity Is Our Business
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Anthropologist. - : Wiley. - 0002-7294 .- 1548-1433. ; 112:4, s. 539-551
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anthropologists have tended to portray their discipline as in crisis and ask whether "the end of anthropology" is near. I offer indicators to suggest that the discipline is alive and well as far as its internal activities are concerned. I then turn to the more worrying question of its external image, understandings and stereotypes more or less common among a wider public: the anthropologist as antiquarian and insensitive, slightly lost in real life. Anthropologists have been ineffective in offering a simple, coherent view of what the discipline is and what holds it together. I propose that a consistent emphasis on "diversity" as what anthropology is about best matches our combined interests and practices. To have a strong "brand" is essential under present-day cultural and political conditions, in and out of academic life. The foregrounding of "diversity" goes with the anthropological concern with ethnography, comparison, and cultural critique.
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| 2. |
- Kruse, Corinna
(författare)
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Producing Absolute Truth : CSI Science as Wishful Thinking
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Anthropologist. - : Wiley. - 0002-7294 .- 1548-1433. ; 112:1, s. 79-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forensic science has come to be assigned an important role in contemporary crime fiction. In this article, I analyze the cultural repertoire of forensic science conveyed by the popular television show Crime Scene Investigation (CSI). I argue that CSI science, in delivering an absolute "truth" about how and by whom crimes have been committed, is equated with justice, effectively superseding nonfictional forensic science as well as nonfictional judicature as a whole. Thus, CSI as a cultural performance adds to the mediascape a repertoire of wishful-thinking science with which to think about perceptions of and desires for crime and justice in nonfictional society. This repertoire seems to be considered relevant enough to nonfictional society to cause concern about the judicial system, as expressed in discussions of the so-called "CSI effect.".
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| 4. |
- Enquist, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Critical Social Learning : A Solution to Rogers's Paradox of Nonadaptive Culture
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Anthropologist. - : Wiley. - 0002-7294 .- 1548-1433. ; 109:4, s. 727-734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alan Rogers (1988) presented a game theory model of the evolution of social learning, yielding the paradoxical conclusion that social learning does not increase the fitness of a population. We expand on this model, allowing for imperfections in individual and social learning as well as incorporating a "critical social learning" strategy that tries to solve an adaptive problem first by social learning, and then by individual learning if socially acquired behavior proves unsatisfactory. This strategy always proves superior to pure social learning and typically has higher fitness than pure individual learning, providing a solution to Rogers's paradox of nonadaptive culture. Critical social learning is an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) unless cultural transmission is highly unfaithful, the environment is highly variable, or social learning is much more costly than individual learning. We compare the model to empirical data on social learning and on spatial variation in primate cultures and list three requirements for adaptive culture. © 2007 by the American Anthropological Association.
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| 6. |
- Fleisher, Jeffrey, et al.
(författare)
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When Did the Swahili Become Maritime?
- 2015
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Ingår i: American Anthropologist. - : Wiley. - 0002-7294 .- 1548-1433. ; 117:1, s. 100-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we examine an assumption about the historic Swahili of the eastern African coast: that they were a maritime society from their beginnings in the first millennium C.E. Based on historical and archaeological data, we suggest that, despite their proximity to and use of the sea, the level of maritimity of Swahili society increased greatly over time and was only fully realized in the early second millennium C.E. Drawing on recent theorizing from other areas of the world about maritimity as well as research on the Swahili, we discuss three arenas that distinguish first- and second-millennium coastal society in terms of their maritime orientation. These are variability and discontinuity in settlement location and permanence; evidence of increased engagement with the sea through fishing and sailing technology; and specialized architectural developments involving port facilities, mosques, and houses. The implications of this study are that we must move beyond coastal location in determining maritimity; consider how the sea and its products were part of social life; and assess whether the marine environment actively influences and is influenced by broader patterns of sociocultural organization, practice, and belief within Swahili and other societies.
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| 7. |
- Hannerz, Ulf
(författare)
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Confessions of a Hoosier Anthropologist
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Anthropologist. - : Wiley. - 0002-7294 .- 1548-1433. ; 116:1, s. 169-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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