| 1. |
- Asman, P, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of methods for automated Hemifield analysis in perimetry
- 1992
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Ingår i: Archives of Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9950. ; 110:6, s. 6-820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new aid to perimetric analysis, the Glaucoma Hemifield Test, primarily evaluates up-down differences in automated static visual field tests. We analyzed the visual fields of 163 eyes of 163 normal subjects and 77 eyes of 77 patients with glaucoma diagnosed on bases other than perimetry using the Glaucoma Hemifield Test and a similar, previously developed, hemifield analysis method. The performance of the Glaucoma Hemifield Test was compared with that of the earlier method and the differences in test design were evaluated individually. The Glaucoma Hemifield Test allowed significantly improved separation between the normal group and the group with glaucoma than did the earlier method. This improvement was due to an increase in sensitivity, and was associated with the use of test point significances instead of threshold values, and a large normal database alone in the determination of normal limits.
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| 2. |
- Asman, P, et al.
(författare)
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Glaucoma Hemifield Test. Automated visual field evaluation
- 1992
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Ingår i: Archives of Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9950. ; 110:6, s. 9-812
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed an algorithm, the Glaucoma Hemifield Test (GHT), for automated evaluation of single static threshold visual field test results in glaucoma. The GHT uses empirically determined limits of normality for up-down differences in the Statpac probability maps of the Humphrey Field Analyzer to detect localized visual field loss. It is also constructed to detect field loss that is symmetric around the horizontal meridian. Analysis is done in five corresponding pairs of sectors that are based on the normal anatomy of the retinal nerve fiber layer. Deviations from the age-corrected normal threshold in the most sensitive portions of the visual field are used to detect general reductions of sensitivity or abnormally high sensitivities. The GHT provides brief visual field evaluations printed on the field chart as plain text. The aim of this article is to describe the fundamentals of the analysis program and to provide clinical examples.
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| 3. |
- Aspberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating the Length of the Preclinical Detectable Phase for Open-Angle Glaucoma
- 2023
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Ingår i: JAMA Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9950 .- 2168-6165. ; 141:1, s. 48-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE: A 50% reduction of glaucoma-related blindness has previously been demonstrated in a population that was screened for open-angle glaucoma. Ongoing screening trials of high-risk populations and forthcoming low-cost screening methods suggest that such screening may become more common in the future. One would then need to estimate a key component of the natural history of chronic disease, the mean preclinical detectable phase (PCDP). Knowledge of the PCDP is essential for the planning and early evaluation of screening programs and has been estimated for several types of cancer that are screened for.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the mean PCDP for open-angle glaucoma.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A large population-based screening for open-angle glaucoma was conducted from October 1992 to January 1997 in Malmö, Sweden, including 32 918 participants aged 57 to 77 years. A retrospective medical record review was conducted to assess the prevalence of newly detected cases at the screening, incidence of new cases after the screening, and the expected clinical incidence, ie, the number of new glaucoma cases expected to be detected without a screening. The latter was derived from incident cases in the screened age cohorts before the screening started and from older cohorts not invited to the screening. A total of 2029 patients were included in the current study. Data were analyzed from March 2020 to October 2021.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The length of the mean PCDP was calculated by 2 different methods: first, by dividing the prevalence of screen-detected glaucoma with the clinical incidence, assuming that the screening sensitivity was 100% and second, by using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) model simulation that simultaneously derived both the length of the mean PCDP and the sensitivity of the screening.RESULTS: Of 2029 included patients, 1352 (66.6%) were female. Of 1420 screened patients, the mean age at screening was 67.4 years (95% CI, 67.2-67.7). The mean length of the PCDP of the whole study population was 10.7 years (95% CI, 8.7-13.0) by the prevalence/incidence method and 10.1 years (95% credible interval, 8.9-11.2) by the MCMC method.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The mean PCDP was similar for both methods of analysis, approximately 10 years. A mean PCDP of 10 years found in the current study allows for screening with reasonably long intervals, eg, 5 years.
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| 4. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in infants born before 27 weeks' gestation in Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of ophthalmology (1960). - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9950. ; 127:10, s. 1315-1319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely preterm infants born before 27 weeks' gestation in Sweden during a 3-year period. METHODS: A national, prospective, population-based study was performed in Sweden from April 1, 2004, to March 31, 2007. The ophthalmologic part of the study was separately organized, and screening for ROP was performed beginning postnatal week 5. The criteria for the treatment of ROP agreed with the recommendations of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. RESULTS: During the study, 506 of 707 live-born infants survived until the first eye examination. Of these, 368 (72.7%) had ROP: 37.9% had mild ROP and 34.8% had severe ROP. Ninety-nine infants (19.6%) were treated. Gestational age at birth was a stronger predictor of ROP than was birth weight. A log-linear relationship between severe ROP and gestational age at birth was found in the present cohort, and the risk of ROP was reduced by 50% for each week of increase in gestational age at birth. CONCLUSIONS: Today, extremely preterm infants are surviving, and this population-based study with ROP as a primary outcome shows a higher incidence of this condition than in previously reported national cohorts.
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| 5. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Natural history of retinopathy of prematurity in infants born before 27 weeks' gestation in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Archives of ophthalmology (1960). - : American Medical Association. - 0003-9950. ; 128:10, s. 1289-1294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the natural history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in 506 extremely preterm infants born before 27 weeks' gestation in Sweden during a 3-year period. Methods: A national population–based study was performed in Sweden from April 1, 2004, to March 31, 2007. According to the study protocol, initial eye examinations were to be performed at postnatal week 5, and examinations were repeated until the retina was completely vascularized or until criteria for treatment were met. The examinations were to be performed weekly, enabling study of the course and severity of ROP. In infants without ROP or with mild ROP without progression during the latest examinations, further examinations were performed weekly or every other week from postmenstrual age 35 weeks. Results: During the study, 368 infants (72.7%) developed ROP. Postmenstrual age at onset of ROP was significantly related to severity of ROP, even when controlling for gestational age (ie, the earlier the onset of ROP, the higher the risk of developing severe ROP). Site of onset of ROP was significantly related to gestational age at birth. The risk of nasal onset was almost doubled for every week of decrease in gestational age at birth. Nasal onset was associated with severe ROP, even after adjusting for gestational age at birth. Conclusion: This population-based study confirms results of the Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity study and shows new correlations regarding time and site of onset of ROP, both of which are associated with disease severity.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Boel, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of glaucomatous visual field loss by extrapolation of linear trends.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9950. ; 127:12, s. 1610-1615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate how well short-term progression rates can predict long-term visual field outcomes in patients with glaucoma. METHODS: We calculated visual field rates of progression using linear regression analysis of the Visual Field Index (VFI) for 100 consecutive patients with glaucoma having 10 or more Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm standard field tests. Final VFI was predicted on the basis of linear extrapolation of the slope defined by the initial 5 field test results. Final VFI also was estimated using linear regression of all qualifying examination results for each patient. Primary outcome measures were the absolute difference and the correlation between predicted and estimated final VFI values. RESULTS: Patient follow-up averaged 8.2 years and 11 field examinations. Median VFI progression rate was -1.1% per year both for the initial 5 test results and also for the complete series. Seventy percent of patients had a predicted final VFI within +/-10% of the estimated final VFI, and the 2 VFI calculations had a correlation coefficient of 0.84. CONCLUSION: Linear extrapolation based on 5 initial visual field test results was a reliable predictor of future field loss in most patients. Patients in whom linear regression analysis suggests dangerously rapid rates of visual field progression may be candidates for significant alterations in therapy.
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| 8. |
- Burstedt, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Central Retinal Findings in Bothnia Dystrophy Caused by RLBP1 Sequence Variation
- 2010
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Ingår i: Archives of ophthalmology (1960). - : American Medical Association. - 0003-9950. ; 128:8, s. 989-995
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the central retinal findings early in the course of Bothnia dystrophy caused by the homozygous missense R234W sequence variation in the RLBP1 gene. Methods: In 8 young patients with Bothnia dystrophy (aged 9-34 years), high- and low-contrast distance visual acuity and visual fields were measured with Humphrey central (24-2) threshold testing and Goldmann perimetry. Central retinal thickness was measured with optical coherence tomography. Cross-sectional images were analyzed and a linear scanning protocol was applied to examine retinitis punctata albescence in the posterior pole. Results: Affected visual acuity (4 of 8 cases) and poor low-contrast visual acuity (8 of 8 cases) were found. Significant foveal depression and visual field loss were evident with Humphrey threshold testing at all ages, and paracentral and central scotomata in the second decade of life advanced in adulthood as verified with Goldmann perimetry. Optical coherence tomography showed generalized retinal thinning in the central foveal, foveal (innermost ring diameter [empty set], 1 mm), and inner ring (empty set, 3 mm) areas in all ages, and early retinal thinning was found in the inferior areas of the outer macula (empty set, 6 mm). Foveal and extrafoveal thinning of the retinal layers and outer nuclear layer were found. Homogeneous retinitis punctata albescence changes were visualized in and/or adjacent to the retinal pigment epithelium choriocapillaris complex with high reflectance. Conclusions: In the RLBP1 Bothnia dystrophy phenotype, a loss of function and thinning of the central macula are found, indicating early damage of the cone photoreceptors in this disease of the visual cycle. Retinitis punctata albescence spots in the posterior pole are situated close to or in the retinal pigment epithelium-choriocapillaris complex.
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