| 1. |
- Agnafors, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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A Biopsychosocial Approach to Risk and Resilience on Behavior in Children Followed from Birth to Age 12
- 2017
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : SPRINGER. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 48:4, s. 584-596
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increasing prevalence of mental health problems calls for more knowledge into factors associated with resilience. The present study used multiple statistical methodologies to examine a biopsychosocial model of risk and resilience on preadolescence behavior. Data from 889 children and mothers from a birth cohort were used. An adversity score was created by combining maternal symptoms of depression, psychosocial risk and childrens experiences of life events. The proposed resilience factors investigated were candidate genetic polymorphisms, child temperament, social functioning, and maternal sense of coherence. The l/ l genotype of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region was associated with lower internalizing scores, but not mainly related to the level of adversity. An easy temperament was associated with resilience for children exposed to high adversity. Social functioning was found to be promotive independent of the risk level. The results support a multiple-level model of resilience indicating effects, though small, of both biological and psychosocial factors.
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| 2. |
- Andren, P, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of Behaviour Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder in a Naturalistic Setting
- 2021
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Ingår i: Child psychiatry and human development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-3327 .- 0009-398X. ; 52:4, s. 739-750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is unclear if the results of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of behaviour therapy (BT) for Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD) can be generalised to naturalistic clinical settings and are durable long-term. In this naturalistic study, 74 young people with TS/CTD received BT at a specialist clinic. Data were collected at baseline, post-treatment, and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Measures included the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale (CGI-I), amongst others. Tic severity and tic-related impairment improved after treatment, with large within-group effect sizes. At post-treatment, 57% of the participants were classified as treatment responders according to the CGI-I. Tic severity and tic-related impairment improved further through the follow-up, with 75% treatment responders at the 12-month follow-up. BT is an effective and durable treatment for young people with TS/CTD in a naturalistic specialist clinical setting, with comparable effects to RCTs.
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| 3. |
- Augustine, Lilly, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Disability in the Relationship Between Mental Health and Bullying: A Focused, Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry & Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Having both a disability and being bullied increases the risk of later mental health issues. Children with disabilities are at greater risk of being bullied and therefore at greater risk of adverse mental health outcomes. We conducted a limited systematic review of longitudinal studies focusing on the role of disability in relation to bullying and mental health problems. Twelve studies with an initial measure of mental health or disorder, measured no later than 10 years of age, were found. Ten of these twelve studies suggested that having a disability before victimisation increased the impact of mental health problems measured after bullying experiences. The conclusion is that children with a disability, such as behavioural problems, have an increased risk of later mental health problems through bullying victimization. Children with two risk factors had significantly worse mental health outcomes. These additional mental health problems may be alleviated through reduced bullying victimisation.
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| 4. |
- Babiano-Espinosa, L., et al.
(författare)
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eCBT Versus Standard Individual CBT for Paediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- 2023
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry & Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 54:6, s. 1567-1576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurring obsessions and compulsions often with severe impairment affecting 1-3% of children and adolescents. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the therapeutic golden standard for paediatric OCD. However, face-to-face CBT is limited by accessibility, availability, and quality of delivery. Enhanced CBT (eCBT) a combination of face-to-face sessions at the clinic and treatment at home via webcam and a supportive app system aims to address some of these barriers. In this pilot study, we compared eCBT outcomes of 25 paediatric patients with OCD benchmarked against traditional face-to-face CBT (n = 269) from the Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study, the largest paediatric OCD CBT study to date. Pairwise comparisons showed no difference between eCBT and NordLOTS treatment outcomes. Mean estimate difference was 2.5 in favour of eCBT (95% CI - 0.3 to 5.3). eCBT compared to NordLOTS showed no significant differences between response and remission rates, suggesting similar effectiveness.
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| 5. |
- Bjereld, Ylva, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Mental health problems and social resource factors among bullied children in the Nordic Countries: A population based cross-sectional study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 46:2, s. 281-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study estimated internalising and externalising mental health problems among bullied-, unclear if bullied- and not bullied children aged 4–16 in the Nordic countries, and identified resource factors to bullied children’s mental health. Data comes from the cross-sectional NordChild survey 2011 and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, including 6,214 children in the analyses. Mental health problems were most prevalent among children parent-reported as bullied (29.2–44.3 %), followed by children with unclear status if bullied (13.0–25.6 %) and not bullied children (5.3–7.9 %). Externalising problems were more prevalent in all groups except among bullied girls aged 7–16, where internalising problems were more prevalent. Ten potential resource factors to bullied children’s mental health were analyzed, finding that (1) children with at least three close friends had higher odds to be mentally healthy than children with fewer close friends and (2) bullied boys had higher odds to be mentally healthy if they regularly practiced sport.
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| 6. |
- Bäckström, Beata, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent and Family-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Pediatric Bipolar Disorders : An Open Trial and Individual Trajectories Study in Routine Psychiatric Care
- 2024
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychosocial treatments improve outcome in Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD), but few are developed specifically for adolescents and none has been evaluated in Europe. This study evaluates family-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents (ages 13-18) with PBD in routine psychiatric care in Sweden, adapted for teenagers in a European setting from the Child and Family-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for PBD (ages 8-12) developed in the US. In a repeated-measure open trial, psychosocial functioning, depression, skills and knowledge about PBD, and family climate were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and after 6 months. Assessments were made by adolescents (n = 45), parents (n = 61) and clinicians. Both group statistics and individual trajectories are reported. Psychosocial function, as rated by parents and clinicians, improved at post-treatment, and parents reported less mania and improved family climate at post-treatment. Both parents and adolescents reported improved skills and knowledge. Most results after treatment showed medium effect sizes. Significant improvements were seen in most individual trajectories, however no change and even deterioration was observed in some. The present trial shows that AFF-CBT is well accepted and associated with improved psychosocial function in adolescents and improved skills and knowledge about PBD in adolescents and their parents. Regarding mood symptoms and family climate the results showed more individual variability, indicating that adjustments in delivery of the treatment according to the unique patient could be of importance. AFF-CBT seems to be a valuable addition to pharmacological treatments in PBD.
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| 7. |
- Cervin, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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Posttraumatic Symptoms in 3–7 Year Old Trauma‑Exposed Children: Links to Impairment, Other Mental Health Symptoms, Caregiver PTSD, and Caregiver Stress
- 2020
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few studies have examined how PTSD symptoms in young children are associated with other mental health symptoms and mood and functioning in caregivers. This is an important gap in the literature as such knowledge may be important for assessment and treatment. This study used network analysis to identify how the major symptom domains of PTSD in young trauma-exposed children were related to impairment, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, caregiver PTSD, and caregiver stress. Caregivers of 75 trauma-exposed 3–7 year old children reported on their child’s symptoms and impairment and their own PTSD symptoms and caregiver stress. A strong association between the child PTSD domains of intrusions and avoidance emerged, which is in line with theoretical notions of how PTSD onsets and is maintained in adolescents and adults. Externalizing child symptoms were strongly linked to PTSD-related impairment and caregiver stress, highlighting the need to carefully assess and address such symptoms when working with young trauma-exposed children. Internalizing symptoms were uniquely associated with all three of the major childhood PTSD symptom domains with further implications for assessment and treatment.
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| 8. |
- Cervin, Matti, et al.
(författare)
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Symptom Dimension Breakpoints for the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCI-CV)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) clusters around three major symptom dimensions: contamination/cleaning, symmetry/ordering, and disturbing thoughts/checking. The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCI-CV) is a self-report questionnaire that provides scores along six theory-based OCD dimensions, but no study has evaluated how well OCI-CV identifies clinically significant symptoms within each of the three major symptom dimensions of OCD. We examined this question using data from 197 Swedish and Spanish youth with OCD. All youth completed the OCI-CV and clinically significant symptom severity within each major OCD dimension was established with a validated interview-based measure. Results showed that a score ≥ 3 on the OCI-CV washing scale excellently captured those with clinically significant contamination/cleaning symptoms (AUC = 0.85 [0.80–0.90], 79% accuracy). A score ≥ 4 on the obsessing scale adequately captured those with disturbing thoughts/checking symptoms (AUC = 0.71 [0.64–0.78], 67% accuracy) and a score ≥ 3 on the ordering scale adequately captured those with symmetry/ordering symptoms (AUC = 0.72 [0.65–0.79], 70% accuracy). Similar accuracy of the breakpoints was found in the Swedish and Spanish samples. OCI-CV works well to identify youth with pediatric OCD that have clinically significant contamination/cleaning symptoms. The measure can also with adequate precision identify those with clinically significant disturbing thoughts/checking and symmetry/ordering symptoms. The breakpoints provided in this study can be used to examine differences in clinical presentation and treatment outcome for youth with different types of OCD.
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| 9. |
- Colins, Olivier, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric Properties of the Original and Short Form of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in Detained Female Adolescents
- 2016
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - New York, USA : Springer. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 47:5, s. 679-690
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines the psychometric properties of the self-report version of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in 191 detained female adolescents (M = 15.76, SD = 1.02). Evidence supporting the validity of the ICU scores was generally weak, largely due to poor functioning of the Unemotional subscale. Results from confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated support for a recently proposed shortened version of the ICU consisting of two subscales (Callousness and Uncaring). Both subscales showed acceptable to good internal consistency. This short-form version also improved criterion validity, though some issues regarding its convergent validity need further consideration. In conclusion, this study suggests that a short-form version of the ICU that includes a subset of the original items may hold promise as an efficient and valid method for assessing CU traits.
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| 10. |
- Dahlberg, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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SDQ in the Hands of Fathers and Preschool Teachers : Psychometric Properties in a Non-clinical Sample of 3-5-Year-Olds
- 2019
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 50:1, s. 132-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a well-established instrument for measuring social and behavioural problems among children, with good psychometric properties for older children, but less validity reports on pre-schoolers. In addition, there is a knowledge gap concerning fathers as informants. The present work is one of the few validity studies to include preschool teachers and the first on preschool children where fathers are included as separate informants. In this study, SDQs were collected from a large community sample (n = 17,752) of children aged 3-5, rated by mothers, fathers, and preschool teachers and analysed using confirmatory factor analysis. Our results revealed acceptable fit for all informant groups and measurement invariance across child gender, child age, and parental education level. Our findings suggest good construct validity of the SDQ for a non-clinical preschool population and imply that it may be used for assessing child behaviour problems from different informant perspectives.
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