| 1. |
- Domellöf, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Kinematic characteristics of second‐order motor planning and performance in 6‐ and 10‐year‐old children and adults : Effects of age and task constraints
- 2020
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychobiology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0012-1630 .- 1098-2302 .- 0012-1649 .- 1939-0599. ; 62:2, s. 250-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored age‐related differences in motor planning as expressed in arm‐hand kinematics during a sequential peg moving task with varying demands on goal insertion complexity (second‐order planning). The peg was a vertical cylinder with either a circular or semicircular base. The task was to transport the peg between two positions and rotate it various amounts horizontally before fitting into its final position. The amount of rotation required was either 0°, 90°, 180°, or −90°. The reaching for the peg, the displacement of it, and the way the rotation was accomplished was analyzed. Assessments of end state comfort, goal interpretation errors, and type of grip used were also included. Participants were two groups of typically developing children, one younger (Mage = 6.7 years) and one older (Mage = 10.3 years), and one adult group (Mage = 34.9 years). The children, particularly 6‐year‐olds, displayed less efficient prehensile movement organization than adults. Related to less efficient motor planning, 6‐year‐olds, mainly, had shorter reach‐to‐grasp onset latencies, higher velocities, and shorter time to peak velocities, and longer grasp durations than adults. Importantly, the adults rotated the peg during transport. In contrast, the children made corrective rotations after the hand had arrived at the goal.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Sven G., 1935, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of amount of contact between mother and child on the mother's nursing behavior.
- 1978
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Ingår i: Developmental psychobiology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1630. ; 11:2, s. 143-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Short-term effects of different amounts of body contact between mother and newborn on human nursing behavior were studied. Extended contact immediately after parturition was related to an increase in affective components of maternal nursing behavior observed on postpartum Days 2 and 4.
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| 3. |
- Domellöf, Erik, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Atypical functional lateralization in children with fetal alcohol syndrome
- 2009
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychobiology. - : Wiley Periodicals, Inc. - 0012-1630 .- 1098-2302. ; 51:8, s. 696-705
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to explore effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on functional lateralization, item tasks measuring preferences of hand, foot, eye, and ear were administered to a sample of 23 children diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) compared with typically developing (TD) children. In addition, a dichotic listening task was administered to a subsample of 11 children with FAS and a TD group of comparable age, sex and handedness. The children with FAS were characterized by increased nonright-handedness compared with TD children. No differences were evident for preferential use of foot, eye, or ear. Moreover, children with FAS displayed more right ear extinctions during dichotic listening relative to TD children, indicating a lack of right ear advantage. The results add to findings of decreased manual asymmetry and less left-lateralized speech perception in children with developmental disorders, and are further discussed in relation to the high incidence of callosal abnormalities in alcohol-exposed children.
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| 4. |
- Domellöf, Erik, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Upper and lower body functional asymmetries in the newborn : do they have the same lateral biases?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychobiology. - New York : Wiley. - 0012-1630 .- 1098-2302. ; 46:2, s. 133-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is still an open question as to whether functional asymmetries in the human newborn derive from a single lateralized system or multiple subsystems based on different neural mechanisms. In the present study, asymmetries in head turning were compared to those in leg movements during stepping and placing, with the latter also being related to differences in leg mass. The effects of an active versus an inactive state or condition were examined for all three behaviors. No overall lateral biases were found for head turning or for the first foot to move in stepping and placing, and there were no concordances among them; however, there was an asymmetry in that the left foot had a shorter onset latency when compared to the right foot for both stepping and placing. Findings are discussed in terms of what they imply about underlying neural systems that have a bearing on expressions of newborn laterality, and also with regard to the impact of methodological differences in this area of study.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hansen, Stefan, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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The development of sexual behavior in the rat: role of preadult nutrition and environmental conditions.
- 1978
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Ingår i: Developmental psychobiology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1630 .- 1098-2302. ; 11:1, s. 51-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rats were subjected to pre- and postnatal undernutrition by restricting the food intake of their mothers (U); another group of rats was normally fed (N). Each nutrition group was divided into 3 subgroups by varying the degree of environmental stimulation: animals in the Max group were stimulated by handling and enriched rearing conditions; the Min group rats were subjected to social isolation; rats in the control condition (C) were raised under ordinary laboratory conditions. The onset of sexual activity was not affected in the U-C male rats, but was delayed in both U-Min and N-Min rats. Although no difference existed in the age of puberty between the N-Max and N-C animals, the U-Max rats displayed an advancement of puberty by 7 days in comparison to the U-C rats. Undernutrition did not affect female sexual maturation; however the Max condition delayed this process in both nutrition groups.
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| 7. |
- Heimann, Mikael, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioral and electrophysiological indices of learning in 14-month-old infants : Deferred imitation correlates with the Nc component
- 2010
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychobiology, Volume 52, Issue 7. - : Wiley. ; , s. 702-702
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Deferred imitation (DI) is an established memory paradigm that reflects early individual differences but the neural activity underlying DI is to a large extent uncharted. Thus, the present study investigated the relationship between event-related potentials (ERP) and behavioral (DI) indices of learning.Thirty 14-months-old children participated in the study, of which 15 (9 boys) had acceptable ERP data to be included in the analysis. DI was measured with the observation-only design using three actions and a 30 min delay. ERP was recorded with a High Density Net (128 electrodes) and the learning phase consisted of two pairs of pictures presented six times (PRES 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) while the test phase consisted of two violations: Associating two familiar pictures in a new combination (ASSO) or associating one familiar picture with a novel picture (NOV).The mean score of DI was 1.87 (SD = 1.06) and ERP data revealed an Nc within 300-600 ms post stimuli. The mean amplitude was higher for ASSO compared with PRES 5 and 6 (p < .05) but not between NOV and PRES 5 (p = .055) and PRES 6 (ns). Larger Nc change scores (ASSO - PRES5) correlated with better DI performance, rs (15) = .57; p < .05.These findings, if upheld in further analyses, suggest that behavioral memory performance is related to attention processes as reflected in the observed Nc. (FUNDING: Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research # 2006-1040)
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| 8. |
- Hopkins, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Facilitating postural control : effects on the reaching behavior of 6‐month‐old infants
- 2002
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychobiology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0012-1630 .- 1098-2302. ; 40:2, s. 168-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, 3-D kinematic as well as 2-D videorecordings were made of the reaching behavior of infants aged about 6 months who were not yet able to sit. Detailed analyses of these recordings were directed toward specifying the effects of providing additional postural support to the lower body on the spatial and temporal features of such behavior. To detect these effects, reaching and associated head movements in this modified condition were compared to those made while the infants sat in an age-appropriate and commercially available chair lacking the supplementation of support for the pelvic region and upper legs. Findings consistent with predictions included better head stabilization and smoother reaching movements when the infants were in the modified chair. In addition, these two achievements were negatively related to reaching experience. These, and other findings, underscore the infrequently investigated supposition that changes in postural control induce improvements in the control of reaching movements during infancy. Recommendations are made about how the procedure adopted in the present study could be used in subsequent research to give further insights into the codevelopment of posture and action.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Anna-Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term influences of a preterm birth on movement organization and side specialization in children at 4–8 years of age
- 2014
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychobiology. - : Wiley Periodicals, Inc.. - 0012-1630 .- 1098-2302. ; 56:6, s. 1263-1277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored upper-limb and head kinematics during unimanual goal-directed movements in children born preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) aged 4–8 years. Further, functional lateralization was investigated through side-specific kinematics and hand preference observations. Altogether, 141 children were included, divided into three sub-groups based on gestation week at birth (GW). Children born FT (38–41 GW) and moderately PT (33–35 GW) showed faster, smoother, and shorter movement trajectories than children born very PT (V-PT<33 GW). Only children born FT expressed evident side differences that were characterized by smoother movements with the preferred side. Regarding hand preference, the children born V-PT showed increased rates of non-right-handedness compared with the other groups. Regardless of hand preference, the children born V-PT showed less well organized movements compared with the other groups. These findings suggest that spatio-temporal movement organization and side specialization at pre-/early school-age are affected by a PT birth, and more frequently so for children born before 33 GWs, indicating long-lasting influences on neuromotor development and specialization.
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| 10. |
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