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- Grishina, A. D., et al.
(författare)
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Photoelectric, nonlinear optical, and photorefractive properties of polyvinylcarbazole composites with graphene
- 2013
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Ingår i: High Energy Chemistry. - 0018-1439 .- 1608-3148. ; 47:2, s. 46-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) composites containing graphene in an amount of somewhat less than 0.15 wt % exhibit third-order dielectric susceptibility due to the presence of graphene, as well as photoelectric and photorefractive sensitivity at 1064 nm. The photorefractive (PR) effect is known to occur in a polymer composite that possesses both photoelectric sensitivity and nonlinear optical properties. The photoelectric, nonlinear optical, and PR properties of PVK composites with graphene have been considered in this paper.
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- Grishina, AD, et al.
(författare)
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Photoelectric and photorefractive properties of polyvinylcarbazole composites with graphene in the visible spectral range
- 2013
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Ingår i: High Energy Chemistry. - 0018-1439 .- 1608-3148. ; 47:4, s. 187-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photoelectric and photorefractive characteristics of polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) composites with 0.15 wt % graphene at a wavelength of 532 nm have been measured. The dependence of the quantum efficiency of generation of mobile charge carriers as determined from the photocurrent is well approximated by the Onsager equation calculated accurate to E (0) (3) for the quantum yield of thermalized electron-hole pairs of phi(0) = 1 and their initial separation radius of r (0) = 10.9 . The long-wavelength edge of optical absorption for PVK lies at 365 nm. Thus, the photogeneration of mobile carriers during illumination of the composite at 532 nm is due to photoexcitation of graphene. The measurement of the photorefractive properties has revealed that the two-beam coupling gain coefficient is I" = 50 cm(-1) at E (0) = 150 V/mu m and equal intensities of incident beams. It has been found that at E (0) = 83.3 V/mu m, the two-beam coupling gain coefficient increases from 8 to 14 cm(-1) as the ratio of incident beam intensities I (1)(0)/I (2)(0) increases from 1 to 2.4.
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- Ahmad, F., et al.
(författare)
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Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 3 Signaling Complexes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Hormone and Metabolic Research. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1439-4286 .- 0018-5043. ; 44:10, s. 776-785
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The superfamily of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases is comprised of 11 gene families. By hydrolyzing cAMP and cGMP, PDEs are major determinants in the regulation of intracellular concentrations of cyclic nucleotides and cyclic nucleotide-dependent signaling pathways. Two PDE3 subfamilies, PDE3A and PDE3B, have been described. PDE3A and PDE3B hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP with high affinity in a mutually competitive manner and are regulators of a number of important cAMP- and cGMP-mediated processes. PDE3B is relatively more highly expressed in cells of importance for the regulation of energy homeostasis, including adipocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic beta-cells, whereas PDE3A is more highly expressed in heart, platelets, vascular smooth muscle cells, and oocytes. Major advances have been made in understanding the different physiological impacts and biochemical basis for recruitment and subcellular localizations of different PDEs and PDE-containing macromolecular signaling complexes or signalosomes. In these discrete compartments, PDEs control cyclic nucleotide levels and regulate specific physiological processes as components of individual signalosomes which are tethered at specific locations and which contain PDEs together with cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases (PKA and PKG), adenylyl cyclases, Epacs (guanine nucleotide exchange proteins activated by cAMP), phosphoprotein phosphatases, A-Kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), and pathway-specific regulators and effectors. This article highlights the identification of different PDE3A- and PDE3B-containing signalosomes in specialized subcellular compartments, which can increase the specificity and efficiency of intracellular signaling and be involved in the regulation of different cAMP-mediated metabolic processes.
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- Ahrén, Bo
(författare)
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GLP-1 and extra-islet effects.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Hormone and Metabolic Research. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1439-4286 .- 0018-5043. ; 36:11-12, s. 842-845
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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