| 1. |
- Arslan, M. E., et al.
(författare)
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In vitro neuroprotective effects of farnesene sesquiterpene on alzheimer’s disease model of differentiated neuroblastoma cell line
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Neuroscience. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate neuroprotective properties of the farnesene sesquiterpene on the experimental Alzheimer’s disease model in vitro. Methods: Human neuroblastoma cell line (SHSY-5Y) was differentiated into neuron-like cells by using retinoic acid to constitute the in vitro Alzheimer’s Disease model. β-amyloid 1-42 protein was applied to the transformed cells for 24 and 48 hours in a wide dose ranges (3.125-200 μM) to establish AD cytotoxicity. Then, farnesene was applied to cell cultures in a wide spectrum dose interval (1.625-100 μg/ml) to investigate neuroprotective effect against β-amyloid for 24 and 48 hours. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release tests were executed to determine cytotoxicity in the Alzheimer model. Nuclear DNA integrity of cells was examined under the fluorescent microscope using the Hoechst 33258 staining method. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS) levels were analyzed to understand the protection mechanism of the farnesene application on the cell culture model. Finally, flow cytometry analysis was used to find out the cell death mechanism after beta-amyloid and farnesene application to the cell culture. Results: Cell viability tests revealed significant neuroprotection against β-amyloid toxicity in both 24 and 48 hours and the Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining method showed a significant decrease in necrotic deaths after farnesene application in the cell cultures. Finally, flow cytometry analysis put forth that farnesene could decrease necrotic cell death up to 3-fold resulted from beta-amyloid exposure. Conclusion: According to the investigations, farnesene can potentially be a safe, anti-necrotic and neuroprotective agents against Alzheimer’s disease.
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| 2. |
- Bagchi, Sonchita, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Probable role for major facilitator superfamily domain containing 6 (MFSD6) in the brain during variable energy consumption
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Neuroscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245. ; 130:5, s. 476-489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is known as the largest and most diverse superfamily containing human transporters, and these transporters are essential as they sustain the homeostasis within cellular compartments by moving substances over lipid membranes.Methods: We have identified a novel MFS protein, named Major facilitator superfamily domain containing 6 (MFSD6), and confirmed that it is phylogenetically related to the human Solute Carrier (SLC) transporter family. A homology model of MFSD6 revealed 12 predicted transmembrane segments (TMS) with the classical MFS fold between TMS 6 and 7.Results: Immunohistological analyses showed specific MFSD6 staining in neurons of wildtype mouse brain tissue, but no expression in astrocytes. Furthermore, we explored expression and probable function(s) of MFSD6 in relation to its phylogenetically related proteins, major facilitator superfamily domain containing 8 (MFSD8) and 10 (MFSD10), which is of interest as both these proteins are involved in diseases.Conclusions: We showed that expression levels of Mfsd6 and Mfsd10 were decreased with elevated or depleted energy consumption, while that of Mfsd8 remained unaffected.
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| 3. |
- Bruno, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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CSF α-synuclein correlates with CSF neurogranin in late-life depression
- 2021
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Ingår i: The International journal of neuroscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1563-5279 .- 0020-7454 .- 1543-5245. ; 131:4, s. 357-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose/aim of the study: Major depressive disorder (MDD) in late life is linked to increased risk of subsequent dementia, but it is still unclear exactly what pathophysiological mechanisms underpin this link. A potential mechanism related to elevated risk of dementia in MDD is increased levels of α-synuclein (α-Syn), a protein found in presynaptic neuronal terminals.Materials and methods: In this study, we examined cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of α-Syn in conjunction with biomarkers of neurodegeneration (amyloid-β 42, total and phospho tau) and synaptic dysfunction (neurogranin), and measures of memory ability, in 27 cognitively intact older individuals with MDD and 19 controls.Results: Our results show that CSF α-Syn levels did not significantly differ across depressed and control participants, but α-Syn was directly associated with neurogranin levels, and indirectly linked to poorer memory ability.Conclusions: All in all, we found that α-Syn may be implicated in the association between late life MDD and synaptic dysfunction, although further research is needed to confirm these results.
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| 4. |
- Güzey, Cüneyt, et al.
(författare)
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Radioligand binding to brain dopamine and serotonin receptors and transporters in Parkinson's disease : relation to gene polymorphisms
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Neuroscience. - New York : Gordon and Breach. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245. ; 122:3, s. 124-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of variations in genes coding for dopamine and serotonin transporters and receptors on the expression of these structures in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is not known. In order to investigate the significance of dopamine and serotonin transporter and receptor gene polymorphisms on the expression of dopamine and serotonin transporters and the dopamine D(2) and serotonin 5HT(2A) receptors in brain tissue in PD, we conducted a study on brain autopsy material from 16 patients diagnosed with clinical PD and 11 controls. The polymorphisms studied were DAT1 VTNR, DRD2 Taq1A, 5HTTLPR, and 5HTR2A 102 T>C, 516 C>T, His425Tyr and Thr25Asn. Compared to control subjects, patients with PD had a significantly lowered radioligand binding to the dopamine transporter in nucleus caudatus (P = 0.001) and putamen (P = 0.008), and to the serotonin transporter in gyrus cingulatus (P = 0.010) and nucleus caudatus (P = 0.032). We did not observe any significant associations between genetic polymorphisms and the extent of radioligand binding or between the polymorphisms and a diagnosis of PD. In conclusion, the density of brain dopamine and serotonin transporters in patients with PD was reduced. However, there were no associations between the investigated genotypes and the expression of the corresponding receptors and transporters.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Kosykh, Anastasiia, et al.
(författare)
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Neural crest stem cells from hair follicles and boundary cap have different effects on pancreatic islets in vitro
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Neuroscience. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245. ; 125:7, s. 547-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:Neural crest stem cells derived from the boundary cap (bNCSCs), markedly promote survival, proliferation and function of insulin producing β-cells in vitro and in vivo after coculture/transplantation with pancreatic islets [ 1, 2 ]. Recently, we have shown that beneficial effects on β-cells require cadherin contacts between bNCSCs and β-cells [ 3, 4 ]. Here we investigated whether hair follicle (HF) NCSCs, a potential source for human allogeneic transplantation, exert similar positive effects on β-cells.Materials and Methods:We established cocultures of HF-NCSCs or bNCSCs from mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein together with pancreatic islets from DxRed expressing mice or NMRI mice and compared their migration towards islet cells and effect on proliferation of β-cells as well as intracellular relations between NCSCs and islets using qRT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemistry.Results:Whereas both types of NCSCs migrated extensively in the presence of islets, only bNCSCs demonstrated directed migration toward islets, induced β-cell proliferation and increased the presence of cadherin at the junctions between bNCSCs and β-cells. Even in direct contact between β-cells and HF-NCSCs, no cadherin expression was detected.Conclusions:These observations indicate that HF-NCSCs do not confer the same positive effect on β-cells as demonstrated for bNCSCs. Furthermore, these data suggest that induction of cadherin expression by HF-NCSCs may be useful for their ability to support β-cells in coculture and after transplantation.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sigurdh, Jeanette, et al.
(författare)
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Platelet serotonin transporter and 5-HT2A receptor binding in adolescents with eating disorders
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Neuroscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245. ; 123:5, s. 333-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pathogenetic involvement of the serotonergic system in eating disorders is an established finding. Conclusions from platelet studies are based on results from investigations of subjects with a mean age of 20 years or more. The aim was to investigate whether previous findings in adults are valid also for adolescents who are examined within a relatively short interval after the onset of the eating disorder. [H-3] paroxetine binding to the platelet serotonin transporter and [H-3] lysergic acid diethylamide ([H-3] LSD) binding to the 5-HT2A receptor was studied in 15 female adolescents with eating disorders (11 with anorexia nervosa and 4 with clearly anorectic eating behaviour not fulfilling the criteria for anorexia nervosa) and 32 controls. The patients revealed a higher density of serotonin transporters and a lower density of 5-HT2A receptors compared with healthy controls of the same age (775 +/- 165 vs. 614 +/- 111 fmol/mg protein (p = 0.003) for [H-3] paroxetine binding and 215 +/- 59 vs. 314 +/- 151 fmol/mg protein (p = 0.005) for [H-3] LSD binding). The findings of increased density of platelet serotonin transporters and reduced density of 5-HT2A receptors differ from previous results in older patients. The lower patient age and the short duration of disease in the present study, possibly in conjunction with variations in stress-related psychological and biological factors, may have caused these differences. Although the present findings contradict prevailing evidence, they add further information concerning the nature of serotonergic involvement in eating disorders and indicate that demographic and course-related factors might influence the regulation of the serotonin system in these disorders.
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| 9. |
- Wikström, Sverre, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Tactile stimulus and neurohormonal response : A pilot study
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Neuroscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7454 .- 1563-5279 .- 1543-5245. ; 113:6, s. 787-793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of tactile stimuli on plasma oxytocin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were investigated in 21 volunteers exposed to massage. Blood samples for basal values were drawn immediately before and immediately after finishing the massage. A third sample was drawn after 60 min of restricted rest. On focusing on the difference between oxytocin concentrations before and immediately after massage, we found a sex difference. An opposite sex difference was found for NPY. The results imply that there might be sex-related difference in neurohormonal response to tactile stimuli such as in massage, and the results contradict those of previously reported animal experiments.
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| 10. |
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