| 1. |
- Alkhagen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Micromechanics of a compressed fiber mass
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 74:4, s. 723-731
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A theory is presented for the rate modeling of flexible granular solids based on affine average motion of interparticle contacts. We allow contacts to form and break continually but assume the existence of a finite friction coefficient rendering contacts force free as they form or break. The resulting constitutive equations are of the hypoelastic type. A specific model for the deformation of a fiber mass is then developed. The model improves on previous theories for fiber masses in at least two respects: First, it is more general in that it is not restricted to uniaxial compression, although it is restricted to predominantly compressive deformations histories, due to neglect of frictional dissipation. Second, by allowing torsion as well as bending of fibers, this theory covers a larger deformation range. Compression experiments are performed on carded slivers of PA6 fibers under various conditions. The measured response is found to be in close agreement with that predicted by the model.
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| 2. |
- Alkhagen, M., et al.
(författare)
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The effect of fiber diameter distribution on the elasticity of a fiber mass
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 76:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A random mass of loose fibers interacting by fiber-fiber contact is considered. As proposed in a previous paper, the elastic response is modeled based on the statistical mechanics of bending and torsion of fiber segments between fiber-fiber contact points. Presently we show how the statistical approach can be used to account for a distribution of fiber diameters rather than just a single diameter. The resulting expression has the same form and the same set of parameters as its single-diameter counterpart, except for two dimensionless reduction factors, which depend on the fiber diameter distribution only and reduce to unity for monodisperse fibers. Uniaxial compressibility experiments are performed on several materials with different bimodal fiber diameter distributions and are compared to model predictions. Even though no additional parameters were introduced to model the effect of mixed fiber diameters, the behavior is accurately predicted. Notably, the effect of the nonuniform fiber diameter is strong: A mixture of two fiber diameters differing by a factor of 2 can reduce the response by an order of magnitude, compared to the case of uniform diameter.
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| 3. |
- Appelgren, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Disruption mechanisms in electrified solid copper jets
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 78:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interaction between a solid copper jet and an electric current pulse is a complex process that has been experimentally studied by letting a jet created by a shaped charge device pass through an electrode configuration consisting of two aluminum plates with a separation distance of 150 mm. When the jet bridged the electrodes, which are connected to a charged pulsed power supply, current pulses with amplitude up to 250 kA were passed through the jet. By using flash X-ray diagnostics, the disruption of the electrified jets could be studied. In this paper, the disruption of the electrified jets is discussed and compared with disruption phenomena observed in electrically exploded metal rods in a static setup. Necks are naturally formed along a stretching jet, and in the experiments with current interaction these necks explode electrically. In the static experiments, the metal rods have small notches distributed along the rod to resemble the necks of the jet. When two neighboring necks or notches explode, the shock of the explosion compresses the intermediate jet or rod segment axially and the material is forced out radially. The disruption phenomena in the jet and rod experiments are similar with rapid expansion of the metal at explosion and at comparable velocities.
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| 4. |
- Appelgren, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Study of Electromagnetic Effects on Solid Copper Jets
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 77:1, s. 011010-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present a study of the interaction between all electric current pulse and a solid copper jet. Experiments were performed using a dedicated pulsed power supply delivering a current pulse of such amplitude, rise little, and duration that the jet is efficiently affected. The copper jet was created by using a shaped charge warhead. All electrode configuration consisting of two aluminum plates with a separation distance of 150 mm was used. The discharge current pulse and the voltages at the capacitors and at the electrodes were measured to obtain data oil energy deposition in and the resistance of the jet and electrode contact region. X-ray diagnostics were used to radiograph the jet, and by analyzing the radiograph, the degree of disruption of the electrified jet could be obtained. It was found that a current pulse with an amplitude of 200-250 kA and a rise time of 16 mu s could strongly enhance the natural fragmentation of the jet. In this case, the initial electric energy was 100 kJ and about 90% of the electric energy was deposited in the jet and electrodes. At the exit of the electrode region, the jet fragments formed rings with a radial velocity of up to 200 m/s, depending oil the initial electric energy in the pulsed power supply. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3172251]
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| 5. |
- Appelgren, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction between solid copper jets and powerful electrical current pulses
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 78:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction between a solid copper jet and an electric current pulse is studied. Copper jets that were created by a shaped-charge device were passed through an electrode configuration consisting of two aluminum plates with a separation distance of 150 mm. The electrodes were connected to a pulsed-power supply delivering a current pulse with amplitudes up to 250 kA. The current and voltages were measured, providing data on energy deposition in the jet and electrode contact region, and flash X-ray diagnostics were used to depict the jet during and after electrification. The shape of, and the velocity distributions along, the jet has been used to estimate the correlation between the jet mass flow through the electrodes and the electrical energy deposition. On average, 2.8 kJ/g was deposited in the jet and electrode region, which is sufficient to bring the jet up to the boiling point. A model based on the assumption of a homogenous current flow through the jet between the electrodes underestimates the energy deposition and the jet resistance by a factor 5 compared with the experiments, indicating a more complex current flow through the jet. The experimental results indicate the following mechanism for the enhancement of jet breakup. When electrified, the natural-formed necks in the jet are subjected to a higher current density compared with other parts of the jet. The higher current density results in a stronger heating and a stronger magnetic pinch force. Eventually, the jet material in the neck is evaporated and explodes electrically, resulting in a radial ejection of vaporized jet material.
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| 6. |
- Bahaloo, Hassan, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Micropolar Modeling of Auxetic Chiral Lattices With Tunable Internal Rotation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 86:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on micropolar continuum theory, the closed-form stiffness tensor of auxetic chiral lattices with V-shaped wings and rotational joints were derived. Representative volume element (RVE) of the chiral lattice was decomposed into V-shape wings with fourfold symmetry. A unified V-beam finite element was developed to reduce the nodal degrees of freedoms of the RVE to enable closed-form analytical solutions. The elasticity constants were derived as functions of the angle of the V-shaped wings, nondimensional in-plane thickness of the ribs, and the stiffness of the rotational joints. The influences of these parameters on the coupled chiral and auxetic effects were systematically explored. The results show that the elastic moduli were significantly influenced by all three parameters, while Poisson's ratio was barely influenced by the in-plane thickness of the ribs but is sensitive to the angle of the V-shaped wings and the stiffness of the rotational springs. There is a transition region out of which the spring stiffness does not considerably affect the auxeticity and the overall lattice stiffness.
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| 7. |
- Bonnaud, Etienne L., et al.
(författare)
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Proper Boundary Conditions for Infinitely Layered Orthotropic Media
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 67, s. 629-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A stress analysis of a plane infinitely layered medium subjected to surface loadings is performed using Airy stress functions, integral transforms, and a revised transfer matrix approach. Proper boundary conditions at infinity are for the first time established, which reduces the problem size by one half. Methods and approximations are also presented to enable numerical treatment and to overcome difficulties inherent to such formulations.
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| 8. |
- Boström, Anders E, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Point-force excitation of an elastic plate with n embedded cavity
- 1985
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Mechanics, Transactions ASME. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 52:4, s. 937-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The propagation of elastic waves in a thick plate containing an embedded cavity is considered. The full elastodynamic equations are solved and both time-harmonic and pulse propagation are treated. The time-harmonic problem is solved using the null field approach, a method whose main characteristics are surface integral representations and expansions in spherical and planar vector wave functions. To obtain the pulse response, a Fourier integral in frequency is employed. Numerical examples are given showing the fields in both the time and frequency domains at a few selectd locations on the plate surfaces when the plate is excited by a point force. Only low and intermediate frequencies are included and the pulse width is thus somewhat larger than the dimensions of the spheroidal cavity.
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| 9. |
- Collet, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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Noise-corrected Estimation of Complex Modulus in Accord With Causality and Thermodynamics : Application to an Impact test
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME International. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 80:1, s. 011018-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methods for estimation of the complex modulus generally produce data from which discrete results can be obtained for a set of frequencies. As these results are normally afflicted by noise, they are not necessarily consistent with the principle of causality and requirements of thermodynamics. A method is established for noise-corrected estimation of the complex modulus, subject to the constraints of causality, positivity of dissipation rate and reality of relaxation function, given a finite set of angular frequencies and corresponding complex moduli obtained experimentally. Noise reduction is achieved by requiring that two self-adjoint matrices formed from the experimental data should be positive semidefinite. The method provides a rheological model that corresponds to a specific configuration of springs and dashpots. The poles of the complex modulus on the positive imaginary frequency axis are determined by a subset of parameters obtained as the common positive zeros of certain rational functions, while the remaining parameters are obtained from a least squares fit. If the set of experimental data is sufficiently large, the level of refinement of the rheological model is in accordance with the material behavior and the quality of the experimental data. The method was applied to an impact test with a Nylon bar specimen. In this case, data at the 29 lowest resonance frequencies resulted in a rheological model with 14 parameters. The method has added improvements to the identification of rheological models as follows: (1) Noise reduction is fully integrated. (2) A rheological model is provided with a number of elements in accordance with the complexity of the material behavior and the quality of the experimental data. (3) Parameters determining poles of the complex modulus are obtained without use of a least squares fit.
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| 10. |
- Cullis, Ian G., et al.
(författare)
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The International Symposium on Ballistics
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of applied mechanics. - : ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG. - 0021-8936 .- 1528-9036. ; 77:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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