| 1. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based self-help with therapist feedback and in vivo group exposure for social phobia : A randomized controlled trial
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 74:4, s. 677-686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty-four individuals with social phobia (social anxiety disorder) were assigned to a multimodal cognitive-behavioral treatment package or to a waiting list control group. Treatment consisted of a 9-week, Internet-delivered, self-help program that was combined with 2 group exposure sessions in real life and minimal therapist contact via e-mail. Results were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis, including all randomized participants. From pre- to posttest, treated participants in contrast to controls showed significant improvement on most measured dimensions (social anxiety scales, general anxiety and depression levels, quality of life). The overall within- and between-groups effect sizes were Cohen's d = 0.87 and 0.70, respectively. Treatment gains were maintained at 1-year follow-up. The results from this study support the continued use and development of Internet-distributed, self-help programs for people diagnosed with social phobia.
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| 2. |
- Guy, L. S., et al.
(författare)
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Does psychopathy predict institutional misconduct among adults? : A meta-analytic investigation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 73:6, s. 1056-1064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Narrative reviews have raised several questions regarding the predictive validity of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; R. D. Hare, 2003) and related scales in institutional settings. In this meta-analysis, the authors coded 273 effect sizes to investigate the association between the Hare scales and a hierarchy of increasingly specific forms of institutional misconduct. Effect sizes for Total, Factor 1, and Factor 2 scores were quite heterogeneous overall and weakest for physically violent misconduct (r w = .17, .14, and .15, respectively). Moderator analyses suggested that physical violence effect sizes were smaller in U.S. prison samples (r w = .11) than in non-U.S. prison samples (r w = .23). Findings are discussed in terms of the utility of the Hare measures for decision-making in institutional and other contexts.
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| 3. |
- Ström, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based treatment for insomnia : A controlled evaluation
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 72:1, s. 113-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effects of an Internet-based intervention for insomnia. Participants who met criteria for insomnia (N = 109) were randomly assigned to either a cognitive-behavioral self-help treatment or a waiting list control condition. The 5-week intervention mainly consisted of sleep restriction, stimulus control, and cognitive restructuring. Sleep diary data were collected for 2 weeks at baseline and at posttreatment. The dropout rate was 24% (n = 28). Results showed statistically significant improvements in the treatment group on many outcome measures, including total sleep time, total wake time in bed, and sleep efficiency. However, improvements were also found in the control group. Overall, between-groups effect sizes were low, with the exception of the Beliefs and Attitudes About Sleep Scale (Cohen's d =.81).
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| 4. |
- Bjureberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Targeting Maladaptive Anger With Brief Therapist-Supported Internet-Delivered Emotion Regulation Treatments : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - : American Psychological Association Press. - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 91:5, s. 254-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the relative impact of three brief therapist-supported internet-delivered emotion regulation treatments for maladaptive anger (mindful emotion awareness [MEA], cognitive reappraisal [CR], and mindful emotion awareness + cognitive reappraisal [MEA + CR]) and to test whether baseline levels of anger pathology moderate treatment outcome.Method: Treatments were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. In total, 234 participants (59% female; mean age = 41.1, SD = 11.6) with maladaptive anger were randomized to MEA (n = 78), CR (n = 77), or MEA + CR (n = 79). Self-reported primary and secondary outcomes were followed up at primary endpoint, 3 months after treatment termination (88% retention). Primary outcomes were also assessed weekly during a prolonged baseline phase (4 weeks) and an active treatment phase (4 weeks).Results: At the primary endpoint, the MEA + CR was superior in terms of anger expression (d = 0.27 95% confidence interval, CI [0.03, 0.51]), aggression (d = 0.43 [0.18, 0.68]), and anger rumination (d = 0.41 [0.18, 0.63]). MEA + CR was particularly effective in reducing anger expression (d = 0.66 [0.21, 1.11]), aggression (d = 0.90 [0.42, 1.39]), and anger rumination (d = 0.80 [0.40, 1.20]) for individuals who reported high values (+1SD) of the outcomes at baseline.Conclusions: Brief therapist-supported internet-delivered MEA and CR treatments are effective interventions for maladaptive anger. Combining MEA and CR is especially effective in reducing anger expression and aggression, particularly, in individuals who report higher levels of initial anger pathology. The present study highlights the importance of emotion regulation as an important treatment target for reducing maladaptive anger.
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| 5. |
- Blanken, Tessa F., et al.
(författare)
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Symptom-Specific Effects of Cognitive Therapy and Behavior Therapy for Insomnia : A Network Intervention Analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 89:4, s. 364-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Cognitive therapy (CT) and behavior therapy (BT) are both effective for insomnia but are expected to work via different pathways. Empirically, little is known about their symptom-specific effects. Method: This was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of online treatment for insomnia disorder (N = 219, 72.9% female, mean age = 52.5 years, SD = 13.9). Participants were randomized to CT (n = 72), BT (n = 73), or wait-list (n = 74). Network Intervention Analysis was used to investigate the symptom-specific treatment effects of CT and BT throughout treatment (wait-list was excluded from the current study). The networks included the Insomnia Severity Index items and the sleep diary-based sleep efficiency and were estimated biweekly from Week 0 until Week 10. Results: Participants in the BT condition showed symptom-specific effects compared to CT on sleep efficiency (Week 4-8, post-test), difficulty maintaining sleep (Week 4), and dissatisfaction with sleep (post-test). Participants in the CT showed symptom-specific effects compared to BT on interference with daily functioning (Week 8, posttest), difficulty initiating sleep, early morning awakenings, and worry about sleep (all post-test). Conclusions: This is the first study that observed specific differential treatment effects for BT and CT throughout the course of their treatment. These effects were more pronounced for BT than for CT and were in line with the theoretical background of these treatments. We think the embedment of the theoretical background of CT and BT in empirical data is of major importance to guide further treatment development.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Carlbring, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized Trial of Internet-Delivered Self-Help With Telephone Support for Pathological Gamblers
- 2008
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 76:6, s. 1090-1094
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although effective therapies for pathological gambling exist, their uptake is limited to 10% of the target population. To lower the barriers for help seeking, the authors tested all online alternative in a randomized trial (N = 66). The participants were pathological gamblers not presenting with severe comorbid depression. A wait-list control was compared with an 8-week Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy program with minimal therapist contact via e-mail and weekly telephone calls of less than 15 min. Average time spent on each participant, including phone conversations, e-mail, and administration. was 4 hr. The Internet-based intervention resulted in favorable changes in pathological gambling, anxiety. depression, and quality of life. Composite between-group effect size (Cohens d) at posttreatment was 0.83. Follow-ups carried out in the treatment group at 6, 18, and 36 months indicated that treatment effects were sustained (ds = 2.58, 1.96, and 1.98). This evidence is in support of Internet-delivered treatment for pathological gamblers. However, it is not clear how effective the treatment is for more severely depressed individuals.
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| 8. |
- Cochran, Susan D., et al.
(författare)
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Sexual Orientation Differences in Functional Limitations, Disability, and Mental Health Services Use : Results From the 2013-2014 National Health Interview Survey
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 85:12, s. 1111-1121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The authors investigated sexual orientation differences in risk for mental health morbidity, functional limitations/disability, and mental health services use among adults interviewed in the nationally representative 2013-2014 National Health Interview Survey. Method: Respondents were 68,816 adults (67,152 heterosexual and 1,664 lesbian, gay, and bisexual [LGB] individuals), age 18 and older. Fully structured interviews assessed sexual orientation identity, health status, and services use. Using sex-stratified analyses while adjusting for demographic confounding, the authors compared LGB and heterosexual individuals for evidence of mental health-related impairments and use of mental health services. Results: LGB adults, as compared to heterosexual adults, demonstrated higher prevalence of mental health morbidity and functional limitations. However, this varied by gender with LGB women evidencing elevated risk for both mental health and substance abuse (MHSA) and non-MHSA limitations. Among men, sexual orientation differences clustered among MHSA-related limitations. Overall, LGB adults were more likely than heterosexual adults to use services, with the source of functional limitations moderating these effects among men. Conclusion: MHSA-related morbidity is a significant concern among LGB individuals and is associated with higher levels of functional limitations/disability. The findings highlight that LGB persons use MHSA-related treatment at higher rates than heterosexuals do, and, among men, are more likely to do so absent MHSA or non-MHSA-related functional limitations. This presents a unique set of concerns within the integrated care setting, including the need to deliver culturally competent care sensitive to the context of probable sex differences among LGB individuals.
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| 9. |
- Cuijpers, Pim, et al.
(författare)
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Psychotherapy for Depression in Adults : A Meta-Analysis of Comparative Outcome Studies
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0022-006X .- 1939-2117. ; 76:6, s. 909-922
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the subject has been debated and examined for more than 3 decades, it is si ill not clear whether all psychotherapies are equally efficacious. The authors conducted 7 meta-analyses (with a total of 53 studies) in which 7 major types of psychological treatment for mild to moderate adult depression (cognitive-behavior therapy, nondirective supportive treatment, behavioral activation treatment, psychodynamic treatment. problem-solving therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, and social skills training) were directly compared with other psychological treatments. Each major type of treatment had been examined in at least 5 randomized comparative trials. There was no indication that I of the treatments was more or less efficacious, with the exception of interpersonal psychotherapy (which was somewhat more efficacious; d = 0.20) and nondirective supportive treatment (which was somewhat less efficacious than the other treatments: d = -0.13). The drop-out rate was significantly higher in cognitive-behavior therapy than in the other therapies, whereas it was significantly lower in problem-solving therapy. This study suggests that there are no large differences in efficacy between the major psychotherapies for mild to moderate depression.
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