| 1. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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Guided Internet-Based CBT for Common Mental Disorders
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 43:4, s. 223-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Internet has become a part of most people’s lives in many parts of the world. Since the late 1990s there has been an intensive research activity in which psychological treatments, such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), have been found to be effective when delivered via the Internet. Most research studies indicate that the effects are larger when some form of guidance is provided from a therapist, and unguided treatments tend to lead to more dropout and smaller effects. Guided Internet treatments often consists of book length text materials, but can also include other components such as audio files and video clips. Homework assignment is often included and feedback is given for completed homework. Guided Internet-based CBT (iCBT) has been found to work for problems such as depression, panic-, social anxiety-, and generalized anxiety disorders. There are many research trials in which participants have been recruited via media, and there has been less research conducted in representative clinical settings. Most research has been conducted on adults and in university settings with nationwide recruitment. There is a need for treatments and studies on older adults, children and adolescents. In conclusion, dissemination of the research findings on guided iCBT to regular clinical settings is warranted.
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| 2. |
- Blease, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Informed consent in psychotherapy : implications of evidence-based practice
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 48:2, s. 69-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence-based practice in psychotherapy carries widely unacknowledged consequences for ethical clinical practice. Informed consent to psychological treatments is an ethical imperative in clinical practice, and there is an ethical obligation for psychiatrists, psychotherapists, and clinical psychologists to provide adequate disclosure to patients about treatments. This is codified within the professional guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA) and the American Medical Association. Given the APA's commitment to evidence-based practice, the objective of this paper is to argue that the provision of information about how treatments work should be based on evidence-based research on psychotherapeutic treatments. Case-based scenarios are used to illustrate a range of ethical issues pertaining to evidence-based practice and informed consent in psychotherapy. This paper argues that informed consent processes in psychotherapy must be commensurate with the latest integrated findings on empirically-supported treatments; process research into psychological treatments; research into therapist expertise; as well as evidence about individual patients' characteristics, culture, and preferences. Our conclusions for practice are challenging: standard ethical interpretations of informed consent to psychotherapy must go further. It is not sufficient for therapists only to describe the specific techniques associated with particular treatment modalities, it is also necessary to disclose information about nonspecific factors. There appears to be consensus among therapists and psychotherapy researchers that these factors are relevant to successful treatment outcome. Our paper aims to launch fresh, serious, pragmatic debate in professional psychotherapy about necessary revisions of ethical codes with respect to information disclosure.
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| 3. |
- Boersma, Katja, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Compassion focused therapy to counteract shame, self-criticism and isolation : a replicated single case experimental study for individuals with social anxiety
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 45:2, s. 89-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most forms of psychological distress encompass both the relation to the self in the form of shame and self-criticism, as well as the relation to others in the form of distance and isolation. These are often longstanding and pervasive problems that permeate a wide range of psychological disorders and are difficult to treat. This paper focuses on how problems with shame and self-criticism can be addressed using compassion focused therapy (CFT). In a pilot study we tested the effectiveness of CFT with a single case experimental design in six individuals suffering from social anxiety. The aim was to establish whether CFT lead to increases in self-compassion, and reductions in shame, self-criticism and social anxiety. Moreover, the aim was to investigate to what extent participants were satisfied and experienced CFT as helpful in coping with social anxiety and in increasing self-compassion. Taken together the preliminary results show that CFT is a promising approach. CFT was effective for 3 of 6 participants, probably effective for 1 of 6 and more questionably effective for 2 of 6 participants. These results add to the empirical evidence that CFT is a promising approach to address problems with self-compassion. This research body is as of yet small, and more studies are needed.
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| 4. |
- Knutsson, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Imagery Rescripting and Exposure in Social Anxiety : A Randomized Trial Comparing Treatment Techniques
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 50:3, s. 233-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This randomized trial compared the effects of imagery rescripting against in vivo exposure administered separately during a single session with 27 socially anxious individuals. Previous research shows that imagery rescripting is a promising treatment technique for various disorders including social anxiety, although imagery rescripting and exposure for social anxiety have not yet been compared. Social anxiety self-report measures (LSAS-SR and BFNE-II); the distress, vividness, and frequency of fear images (i.e., Imagery condition); and the levels of anxiety, avoidance, and the strength of convictions of a feared social situation (i.e., exposure condition) were rated at baseline, before treatment, and after a 2- and 4-week follow up period. Both treatment groups improved significantly on all measures pre- to post treatment and the effects largely remained at the 4-week follow-up. No significant differences between the treatment groups were found on the anxiety measures. The results suggest that either a single session of imagery rescripting or of exposure are effective in reducing social anxiety, and that both treatment techniques, even when administered in a single session, reduces social anxiety.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Billy, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Do psychotherapists with different theoretical orientations stereotype or prejudge each other?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 43:3, s. 169-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates a possible threat to the progress of psychotherapy. It aims to detect and compare stereotyped or even prejudiced views among psychotherapists of different theoretical orientations, building on social psychological theory of in-groups and out-groups. Swedish psychotherapists (n = 416) of four different orientations (psychodynamic, cognitive, behavioural, or integrative/eclectic) used the valuable elements in psychotherapy questionnaire to rate the importance of various elements in psychotherapy. They also estimated how therapists of other orientations would rate these elements. These estimates were then compared with therapists' actual self-ratings in order to detect patterns of stereotyping or prejudiced views. Psychotherapists exaggerate the differences between their own and other orientations in a stereotyped way, but correctly predict what members of their own orientation (in-group) find important. However, they overestimate how important 'orientation-typical features' are to those of other orientations (out-group), indicating a clear tendency to stereotype. Overall, integrative/eclectic therapists' estimates were less stereotyped than the estimates of therapists of other orientations. A somewhat unexpected finding was that cognitive and behavioural therapists seem more inclined towards stereotyping. The stereotyped views of other theoretical orientations among psychotherapists can be argued to have negative connotations and may thus be seen as prejudices. These prejudices could create irrational and unnecessary obstacles to the development of both the science and the practice of psychotherapy and signal the need for psychotherapists of all orientations to develop a more balanced picture of each other. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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| 6. |
- Linton, Steven J., 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Co-occurring Emotion and Pain : The Role of Context Sensitivity from a Transdiagnostic Perspective
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 46:3, s. 129-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Co-occurring emotional distress and chronic pain are a true challenge in the clinic. This combination of symptoms is quite common but associated with poor treatment results, frequent relapses and costly dysfunction. This paper describes a transdiagnostic approach to the problem by focusing on psychological processes that drive both the emotional as well as the pain problem. Avoidance and context (in)sensitivity are suggested as potential transdiagnostic factors that might be targeted in treatment. Since both pain and distress are aversive, they may be avoided. This may be helpful in the short-term, but paradoxically the avoidance maintains the problem in the long-term. Context sensitivity concerns how well our responses are in tune with the changing demands of the environment. We propose that context insensitivity may drive emotional distress and pain problems. We present data that show that disclosure of pain is important emotionally, but that it is also a challenge to respond in manner that is sensitive to the social context. Indeed, disclosing how we feel emotionally or concerning pain might be helpful in some situations, but enhance the problem in others. Finally, we outline a hybrid treatment that combines exposure for pain (feared movements) and emotions (disclosure) with context sensitivity training. While such new treatments are promising, there remains a dire need for more clinical research to test and improve treatments for co-occurring emotional distress and pain.
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| 7. |
- Maddux, Rachel, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting the Scientist-practitioner Mindset in Clinical Training
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 37:4, s. 213-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- While the scientist-practitioner model of training has enjoyed wide-spread appeal, difficulties in implementing the model have continued since its inception. Despite these difficulites, we remain advocates of the model and believe responsibility for inculcating a scientist-practitioner mindset rests with both training programs and trainees themselves. Thus, we offer several suggestions for both trainees and training programs in hopes of perpetuating the scientist-practitioner ideal.
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| 8. |
- Werbart, Andrzej, et al.
(författare)
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Matching Patient and Therapist Anaclitic : Introjective Personality Configurations Matters for Psychotherapy Outcomes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-0116 .- 1573-3564. ; 48:4, s. 241-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decades of psychotherapy research suggest that patient–therapist match accounts for outcome beyond single patient or therapist variables. This study examines the associations between different patterns of patient–therapist matching (in terms of orientation on relatedness or self-definition) and outcomes at termination of psychoanalytic psychotherapy with young adults. Thirty-three patients and their therapists were classified as predominately anaclitic or introjective at baseline. Patients in the convergent patient–therapist dyads (both anaclitic or both introjective) showed significantly greater symptom reduction and increased developmental levels of representations of mother than patients in the complementary dyads (opposite personality configurations). Moreover, convergent patient–therapist match was connected with larger effect sizes on all outcome measures and lower proportion of non-improved patients. These findings suggest the importance of the therapists’ early adjusting their orientation on relatedness or self-definition to their patients’ predominant personality configuration in order to enhance treatment outcomes.
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| 9. |
- Tattersall Wallin, Elisa
(författare)
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Audiobook routines : identifying everyday reading by listening practices amongst young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Documentation. - : Emerald. - 0022-0418 .- 1758-7379.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This article explores, identifies and conceptualises everyday audiobook reading practices amongst young adults.Design/methodology/approach: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten Swedish audiobook users aged 18–19. The material was analysed using qualitative content analysis and focused on their audiobook use during an average weekday, as this was the time that they listened the most. The theoretical framework consists of theories on practice, time and everyday routine.Findings: Five timespaces emerged when audiobook practices were most prevalent: morning routines, commuting routines, school routines, after school routines and bedtime routines. Within these timespaces, several practices could be identified and conceptualised. Three mobile practices were commute listening, exercise listening and chore listening while more stationary practices were homework listening, schoolwork listening and leisure listening. An unexpected finding was how audiobooks routinely were used to aid respondents’ wellbeing. This wellbeing listening was used to alleviate stress, loneliness and help listeners relax or fall asleep. Furthermore, respondents switch between Music, Audiobooks and Podcasts, which is conceptualised as MAP-switching.Originality/value: There is a scarcity of research on audiobook use, and this paper contributes with new knowledge on audiobook reading practices, how audiobooks fit into everyday routine and provides concepts to aid further research on audiobook practices.
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| 10. |
- Huvila, Isto
(författare)
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"We've got a better situation" : the life and afterlife of virtual communities in Google Lively
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Documentation. - 0022-0418 .- 1758-7379. ; 71:3, s. 526-549
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact of unsustainable community platforms from community and information sharing perspectives using Google Lively as an example. The aim is to analyse what happens when a community platform is not sustainable and explore the reasons why Lively failed or succeeded as an arena of participation and information sharing. Design/methodology/approach - The study is based on an ethnographically informed analysis of texts on Google Lively mined from the web and gathered using two small qualitative surveys. Findings - The findings show that Lively fostered the emergence of several virtual communities that outlived the platform. Shared experience, experience of crisis and a distinct identity appeared to be significant factors that seemed to contribute to the success of analysed Livelian communities. Research limitations/implications - The study is based on a convenience sample and an analysis of one virtual community platform. Practical implications - The results inform the development of community strategies for situations when a platform is closing and plans are being made for the sustained existence of the virtual community in new contexts. Originality/value - This is the first comprehensive study on Google Lively. The findings can be expected to have relevance also in the context of comparable virtual community platforms.
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