| 1. |
- Nilsson, Jan-Eric, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing Optimal Supply of Public Transport : The Choice between Tendering and Targeted Subsidies
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - : UNIV BATH. - 0022-5258 .- 1754-5951. ; 50:1, s. 21-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper compares two approaches for providing public transport: competitive tendering and targeted subsidies. The subsidy option means that commercial operators charge a fare, and are paid by the public sector principal both per passenger and per bus in service. This is the case since quality (the number of buses) would otherwise be sub-optimal. Under full information, the tendering and targeted subsidies would establish the same welfare-maximising outcome, while subsidies typically are more expensive for taxpayers. The case for targeted subsidies is stronger under an asymmetric information framework.
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| 2. |
- Odolinski, Kristofer, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the Cost Impact of Competitive Tendering in Rail Infrastructure Maintenance Services Evidence from the Swedish Reforms (1999 to 2011)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - 0022-5258 .- 1754-5951. ; 50, s. 93-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the first paper in the literature to formally study the cost impact of competitive tendering in rail maintenance. Sweden progressively opened up the market for rail maintenance services, starting in 2002. We study the cost impacts based on an unbalanced panel of thirty-nine contract areas between 1999 and 2011, using econometric techniques. We conclude that competitive tendering reduced costs by around 11 per cent. Importantly, this cost reduction was not associated with falling quality; quite the reverse. We thus conclude that the gradual exposure of rail maintenance to competitive tendering in Sweden has been a success.
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| 3. |
- Abate, Megersa
(författare)
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Determinants of Capacity Utilisation in Road Freight Transportation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - 0022-5258 .- 1754-5951. ; 48, s. 137-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent performance indicators in the European road freight transport sector show there is an excess capacity. To shed light on this, this paper studies two aspects of capacity utilisation in trucking: the extent of empty running and the load factor. Using a joint econometric modelling framework, the paper shows that they can be explained as a function of haul, carrier, and truck characteristics. For estimation, a unique dataset from the Danish heavy vehicle trip diary was used. The results indicate distance and being a for-hire carrier have a positive effect on capacity utilisation, whereas the effect of truck size is non-linear.
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| 4. |
- Akimaya, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating the Cross-Price Elasticity of Regular Gasoline with Respect to the Price of Premium Gasoline
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - : University of Bath. - 0022-5258 .- 1754-5951. ; 52:2, s. 157-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gasoline demand has been extensively researched, yet there has been no attempt to estimate cross-price elasticities of different grades of gasoline. Such knowledge will allow accurate determination of the impact of a fuel pricing policy that has different rates of tax or subsidy depending on the gasoline grade. Using monthly data on the Mexican gasoline market from 1999 to 2014, regular gasoline demand is estimated with an ARDL model. Endogeneity of the price and structural break are also investigated. The cross-price elasticity between regular and premium gasoline is found to be 0.875, confirming high substitutability among gasoline with different grades.
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| 5. |
- Alexandersson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Competition in Swedish Local Bus Services
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport, Economics and Policy. - : University of Bath, School of Management. - 0022-5258. ; 32:2, s. 203-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Fredrik N G, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Freight Demand: Short, Medium, and Long Term Elasticities
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - 0022-5258. ; 46, s. 79-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores empirical linkages between cycles and trends in freight transportation activity and real economic activity in Sweden. It decomposes freight demand into short-term, medium-term and long-term components and analyzes differences and similarities of the three time horizons. The finding is that freight demand is coupled with GDP over the long-term and that there are no signs of decoupling. Freight demand, furthermore, is highly volatile over the short to medium term and these fluctuations are largely an effect of temporary changes in imports and exports.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Charging the Polluters A Pricing Model for Road and Railway Noise
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - 0022-5258 .- 1754-5951. ; 47, s. 313-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By combining standardised calculation methods for total noise levels and monetary estimates from well-established evaluation methods, this study outlines a model to estimate the short-run marginal cost (SRMC) for road and railway noise that is able to differentiate not only modes of transport, but also vehicles and technologies. Several sensitivity tests run for the SRMC show that estimates are insensitive to traffic volume, sensitive to the number of exposed individuals, and sensitive to the monetary values used. Results also show that the use of quiet technology can have a significant effect on the SRMC.
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| 8. |
- Anderstig, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Congestion Charges and Labour Market Imperfections
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - : UNIV BATH. - 0022-5258 .- 1754-5951. ; 50, s. 113-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Standard cost-benefit analyses of transport policy measures will not capture all benefits and losses if there are labour market imperfections. In the case of congestion charges, theoretical analyses have raised concerns that these effects may constitute considerable losses, possibly to the extent that aggregate welfare is reduced, contrary to conventional wisdom. We investigate this by estimating the effects on labour income of the Stockholm congestion charges, using an estimated relationship between accessibility and income. Results show that effects on labour income are, in fact, positive. It turns out to be crucial that the model accounts for value-of-time heterogeneity.
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| 9. |
- Armelius, Hanna
(författare)
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An integrated approach to urban road pricing
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. - 0022-5258 .- 1754-5951. ; 38:1, s. 75-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses an integrated urban road pricing policy based on an automatic payment system for cars. Like Glazer and Niskanen (2000) it studies congestion tolls with heterogeneous commuters, but focuses on welfare effects and extends their model to include a choice of departure time, as well as travel mode. The author finds that tolls can be welfare improving even if the public transit mode normally used for substitution is also congested. If, for some reason, public transit charges cannot be changed, substitution towards off-peak travel can be stimulated by a combined road toll and parking duties policy made possible by modern automatic vehicle-identification technologies.
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| 10. |
- Aronsson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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An asymptotic model for compression molding
- 2002
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Ingår i: Indiana University Mathematics Journal. - 0022-2518 .- 1943-5258. ; 51:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We discuss an idealized model for compression molding, had by taking an asymptotic limit for highly non-Newtonian materials. We interpret the changing pressure distributions as being dictated by a Monge-Kantorovich mass transfer on a fast time scale, and thereby derive a nonlocal geometric law of motion for the air/plastic interface.
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