| 1. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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Anxiety in elderly hearing impaired persons
- 1995
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 81, s. 552-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The association between experiences of hearing impairment and signs of anxiety in 42 elderly hearing impaired patients at a hearing aid centre was investigated. Subjects completed the Hearing Coping Assessment, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and an audiometric test of hearing. Analysis showed low scores on anxiety and hearing problems compared with other studies. Moreover, scores on anxiety did not correlate with pure tone thresholds for hearing but with self-reported hearing problems (r = .31). Anxiety is important, but it is possible that signs of depression are more strongly related to self-perceived hearing handicap.
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| 2. |
- Axelsson, Östen
(författare)
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Towards a psychology of photography : Dimensions underlying aesthetic appeal of photographs
- 2007
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 105:2, s. 411-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the aim to contribute to the development of a psychology of photography, this study examined what attributes are the major determinants of aesthetic appeal of photographs. Two interlinked experiments were conducted with 564 photographs having a wide range of motifs. Exp. 1 consisted of sorting by aesthetic appeal and adjective generation. In Exp. 2, attribute scaling was collected. Multidimensional scaling analysis of the photographs yielded three dimensions identified with the aid of attribute scales combined with measures of the manifest content of the photographs. The three dimensions were Hedonic Tone-Familiarity, Absence of color, and Expressiveness-Dynamics. The present results suggested that participants' familiarity with the photographs, the types of photographs (Color or Black & White), and the photographs' dynamics all affected participants' judgments of aesthetic appeal. Hedonic Tone and Expressiveness apparently mediated the participants' judgments.
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| 3. |
- Baird, John C., et al.
(författare)
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Stimulus Sequence and the Exponent of the Power Function for Loudness
- 1991
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - : SAGE Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 73:1, s. 3-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In two experiments, 15 and 13 subjects estimated the loudness of 12 sound-pressure levels (38–104 dB; 6-dB intervals) of a 1000-Hz tone by the method of magnitude estimation with a modulus assigned to the first stimulus presented. The tone duration was 1 sec. and the interstimulus interval was 6 sec. The presentation order was systematically ascending-descending in one experiment and balanced-irregular in the other. The results indicate that (1) loudness is a power function of sound pressure with an exponent of 0.60 for the systematic order and 0.29 for the irregular order. (2) For both the irregular and systematic orders, a large step-size (12 or 18 dB) between the stimulus on Trial n and on Trial n-1 (or n-3) results in a slight assimilation effect. This also occurs for the small step-size (6 dB) in the irregular order. (3) The size of momentary exponents (based on two points, Trials n and n-l or n-3) depends on the sound pressures of successive stimuli, whether the steps are positive or negative, and whether the stimuli have been presented in systematic or irregular order. For positive steps, the momentary exponent is lower for a soft tone (Trial n) than for a loud tone, whereas for negative steps the momentary exponent is lower for a loud tone than for a soft tone. These effects are more pronounced when these stimuli are presented in an irregular order. A relative judgment model is offered for magnitude estimation. It assumes that subjects judge the loudness of a stimulus in terms of three reference markers: the minimum and maximum sound pressures as well as the sound pressure of the previous stimulus.
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| 4. |
- Birgegård, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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New methodological advice for research in subliminal psychodynamic activation
- 1999
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 88:3, s. 747-755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent integration among approaches to perception without awareness has brought the usefulness of Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation into renewed locus. Several authors have discussed the possible detrimental impact on interpretation when control phrase
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| 5. |
- Bjurwill, Christer, 1941-
(författare)
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Read and react : The football formula
- 1993
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 76:3_suppl, s. 1383-1386
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This essay is focused on the problem of vision and intelligence in football (soccer). One-touch play is the type of football that we are to see more often in the future. To prepare the players for such play, both managers and coaches must notice the importance of technical speed and tactical creativity. © Perceptual and Motor Skills 1993
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| 6. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
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Effect of reversal of response scales in a questionnaire
- 1980
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - : SAGE Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 50, s. 1125-1126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the effect of reversal of response scales in a questionnaire. Two versions, A and B, were constructed. A was identical with B except that all response scales were reversed in B. The two versions were randomly distributed to a group of psychology students. No statistically significant differences were found concerning means and standard deviations of the response distributions when the sign test was applied to six different groups of response scales in the questionnaire. A tendency to select response categories to the left could be seen in the data. This tendency has later been confirmed by other researchers.
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| 7. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
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Marked reversals in a questionnaire
- 1980
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - : SAGE Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 50, s. 958-958
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an attitude investigation with 260 respondents and 75 Likert type attitude statements a number of reversals of answers were found in the questionnaires, i.e. first marking response 2 and then changing it to 4. There were 71 reversals for items 1-25, 54 reversals for items 26-50 and 16 reversals for items 51-75, which suggests a practice effect. The mean number of words in the three groups increased (7,6 to 8,7 to 10,4). 7 items had 5 or more reversals - they hade the mean 5,9 words but some of them had words with negative prefixes. The method of counting and analyzing reversals in questionnaires is relevant for judging reliability. Some wrong answers may never have been reversed.
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| 8. |
- Eriksen, CA, et al.
(författare)
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Comment on short-term variation in subjective sleepiness
- 2005
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Ingår i: Perceptual and motor skills. - : SAGE Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 101:3, s. 943-948
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subjective sleepiness at different times is often measured in studies on sleep loss, night work, or drug effects. However, the context at the time of rating may influence results. The present study examined sleepiness throughout the day at hourly intervals and during controlled activities [reading, writing, walking, social interaction (discussion), etc.] by 10-min. intervals for 3 hr. This was done on a normal working day preceded by a scheduled early rising (to invite sleepiness) for six subjects. Analysis showed a significant U-shaped pattern across the day with peaks in the early morning and late evening. A walk and social interaction were associated with low sleepiness, compared to sedentary and quiet office work. None of this was visible in the hourly ratings. There was also a pronounced afternoon increase in sleepiness, that was not observable with hourly ratings. It was concluded that there are large variations in sleepiness related to time of day and also to context and that sparse sampling of subjective sleepiness may miss much of this variation.
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| 9. |
- Falkmer, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Fixation identification in centroid versus start-point modes using eye-tracking data
- 2008
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - : Sage Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 106:3, s. 710-724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fixation-identification algorithms, needed for analyses of eye movements, may typically be separated into three categories, viz. (i) velocity-based algorithms, (ii) area-based algorithms, and (iii) dispersion-based algorithms. Dispersion-based algorithms are commonly used but this application introduces some difficulties, one being optimization. Basically, there are two modes to reach this goal of optimization, viz., the start-point mode and the centroid mode. The aim of the present study was to compare and evaluate these two dispersion-based algorithms. Manual inspections were made of 1,400 fixations in each mode. Odds ratios showed that by using the centroid mode for fixation detection, a valid fixation is 2.86 times more likely to be identified than by using the start-point mode. Moreover, the algorithm based on centroid mode dispersion showed a good interpretation speed, accuracy, robustness, and ease of implementation, as well as adequate parameter settings.
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, Henrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual Confusion and Potential Advances in Athlete Burnout Research
- 2016
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - : SAGE Publications. - 0031-5125 .- 1558-688X. ; 123:3, s. 784-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- More than 30 years of research on athlete burnout has yielded important insights and questions regarding the onset, nature, and consequences of this detrimental syndrome. Not surprisingly, burnout is considered an important matter, both from a research and practical standpoint. We comment on the work of Ryu, Ali, Kim, Choi, and Radlo, who examined the impact of burnout on cognitive performance among athletes.
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