| 1. |
- ACOSTA HOSPITALECHE, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Historical perspective of Otto Nordenskjöld´s Antarctic fossil penguin collection and Carl Wiman’s contribution
- 2017
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - Cambridge. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 53:4, s. 364-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The early explorer and scientist Otto Nordenskjöld, leader of the Swedish South Polar Expedition of 1901–1903, was the first to collect Antarctic penguin fossils. The site is situated in the northeastern region of Seymour Island and constitutes one of the most important localities in the study of fossilised penguins. The task of describing these specimens together with fossilised whale remains was given to Professor Carl Wiman (1867–1944) at Uppsala University, Sweden. Although the paradigm for the systematic study of penguins has changed considerably over recent years, Wiman's contributions are still remarkable. His establishment of grouping by size as a basis for classification was a novel approach that allowed them to deal with an unexpectedly high morphological diversity and limited knowledge of penguin skeletal anatomy. In the past, it was useful to provide a basic framework for the group that today could be used as ‘taxon free’ categories. First, it was important to define new species, and then to establish a classification based on size and robustness. This laid the foundation for the first attempts to use morphometric parameters for the classification of isolated penguin bones. The Nordenskjöld materials constitute an invaluable collection for comparative purposes, and every year researchers from different countries visit this collection.
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| 2. |
- Arguello, Gabriela, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Science diplomacy and Asian states: Transforming the governance landscape in the Arctic
- 2023
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 59:e41, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As ice recedes, the governance of the Arctic is undergoing a significant change. What was once considered a frozen desert with little relevance to the legal system, the Arctic has gradually become a global object of governance. Furthermore, the growing political salience of the Arctic Ocean has generated interest in its governance beyond Arctic states, particularly Asian states such as China, India, Japan, Singapore and South Korea. These countries have been actively participating in regional cooperation arrangements, including the Arctic Council. Undoubtedly, science diplomacy has been an important driver in shaping the governance of the Arctic and maintaining it as a low-tension area. However, this perception is now being put to the test following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Amidst this crisis, we explore whether science diplomacy can continue to promote peaceful collaboration in the Arctic region. Our research suggests that science diplomacy could potentially aid in the future of Arctic governance, particularly with regard to the involvement of Asian states. We analyse the legal and geopolitical factors involved in determining the potential roles of Asian states in Arctic governance, including whether they could serve as a bridge between the West and Russia or if their actions might further fragment Arctic governance.
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| 3. |
- Arzyutov, Dmitry V.
(författare)
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Environmental Encounters: Woolly Mammoth, Indigenous Communities and Metropolitan Scientists in the Soviet Arctic
- 2019
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 55:3, s. 142-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article investigates how in the Soviet Arctic researchers and indigenous communities searched and understood the mammoth before and during the Cold War. Based on a vast number of published and unpublished sources as well as interviews with scholars and reindeer herders, this article demonstrates that the mammoth as a paleontological find fusing together features of extinct and extant species, plays an in-between role among various environmental epistemologies. The author refers to moments of interactions among these different actors as “environmental encounters,” which comprise and engagement with the physical, political, social and cultural environments of the Arctic. These encounters shape the temporal stabilisations of knowledge which enable the mammoth to live its post-extinct life. The article combines approaches from environmental history and anthropology, history of science and indigenous studies showing the social vitality of a “fossil object”.
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| 4. |
- Avango, Dag, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Between markets and geo-politics : natural resource exploitation on Spitsbergen from 1600 to the present day
- 2010
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 47:1, s. 29-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What are the driving forces behind large scale natural resource exploitation in the Polar Regions and how should we understand the relations between these forces? New historical-archaeological research performed during the International Polar Year (IPY) 2007–2009 on whaling, hunting and mining in Spitsbergen (1600–present) show both economic and geopolitical factors driving the development of those industries, both the whaling industries in the 17thcentury and 1900’s, and the mining industry of the early 20th century. However, the relation between these driving forces has differed, both between time periods and between actors. In most cases economic motives provided the main rationale for utilising resources and for government support for resource exploiters, but in some instances governments would support even unprofitable ventures in order to maintain a foothold on Spitsbergen.
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| 5. |
- Bonamy, M., et al.
(författare)
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How children in northern Canada represent the wolverine through drawings
- 2020
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the perception of wolverines, a carnivore in decline, by youths in northern Canada, the future generation of stakeholders. To accomplish this, we analysed 165 drawings from children and 22 interviews with Indigenous adults in the Northwest Territories and Quebec. Overall, children primarily drew wolverines in healthy environments, with only a minority depicting the wolverine's environment negatively. All children demonstrated a basic understanding of the wolverine's physical appearance and biology/ecology, with few differences in how the wolverine was depicted among the different research areas. Among interviewed adults, the ecological role played by wolverines was less prominent among the themes explored by Naskapi participants than was their role as a thief or pest, when contrasted to Dene participants. These results indicate that information about wolverine habitat or biology is still being acquired by children in areas where wolverines are extirpated, but that a lack of exposure to this species may negatively influence children's understanding of its ecological role. These results suggest that informing the public about this carnivore's ecological role may improve public support and, therefore, the likelihood of successful conservation programmes.
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| 6. |
- Bouchard, Frederic, et al.
(författare)
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"Frozen-Ground Cartoons" : Permafrost comics as an innovative tool for polar outreach, education, and engagement
- 2018
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 54:5-6, s. 366-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Permafrost occupies 20 million square kilometres of Earth's high-latitude and high-altitude landscapes. These regions are sensitive to climate change and human activities; hence, permafrost research is of considerable scientific and societal importance. However, the results of this research are generally not known by the general public. Communicating scientific concepts is an increasingly important task in the research world. Different ways to engage learners and incorporate narratives in teaching materials exist, yet they are generally underused. Here we report on an international scientific outreach project called "Frozen-Ground Cartoons", which aims at making permafrost science accessible and fun for students, teachers, and parents through the creation of comic strips. We present the context in which the project was initiated, as well as recent education and outreach activities. The future phases of the project primarily involve a series of augmented reality materials, such as maps, photos, videos, and 3D drawings. With this project we aim to foster understanding of permafrost research among broader audiences, inspire future permafrost researchers, and raise public and science community awareness of polar science, education, outreach, and engagement.
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| 7. |
- Byström, Joakim
(författare)
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Mining tourism in abandoned and existing mines in the Swedish Far North
- 2022
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 58:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish North is sometimes described as a resource periphery, while others choose to label it a pleasure periphery. Regardless of the terms used, the region is characterised by problems such as out-migration and demographic issues. This study investigates why there are such different perceptions of the same area, and whether there is any contradiction between extractive resource industries and the tourism industry. This is done by collecting visitor data from mining companies and conducting interviews with a variety of respondents in three mining communities in northern Sweden. Mining tourism is a phenomenon occurring in this region and can be regarded as a context in which the two main narratives meet while being a rather overlooked form of tourism. This is partly due to the low level of knowledge regarding its impacts, but also to a somewhat established idea of mining tourism as a "bad"form of tourism. Individuals' perceptions of mining tourism as a phenomenon seem to be highly value-related and influenced by both location and occupation. As such, various opinions can be explained by social exchange theory, which proposes that attitudes will be influenced by individuals' evaluation of outcomes for themselves and their community. In this paper, the emergence of mining tourism is understood as knowledge creation rooted in a regional path dependency on mining and tourism. Hence, mining tourism becomes a new regional tourism product that contributes to tourism, at least in terms of standard technical visits and, at best, a well-developed tourist attraction that appeals to visitors in quantities similar to iconic regional attractions such as the Icehotel. Then again, a tourism industry selling dreams of "untouched nature"argues that this tourism product produces "bad imaging".
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| 8. |
- Carson, Dean B., 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The mining resource cycle and settlement demography in Malå, Northern Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; 56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on the demographic impacts of mining in sparsely populated areas has focused primarily on relatively large towns. Less attention has been paid to smaller villages, which may experience different impacts because of their highly concentrated economies and their small populations, making them more vulnerable to demographic “boom and bust” effects. This paper examines demographic change in four small villages in northern Sweden, which are located close to several mining projects but have evolved through different degrees of integration with or separation from mining. Using a longitudinal “resource cycle” perspective, the demographic trajectories of the villages are compared to understand how different types of settlement and engagement with mining have led to different demographic outcomes in the long term. While the four villages experienced similar trajectories in terms of overall population growth and decline, their experiences in relation to more nuanced indicators, including age and gender distributions and population mobilities, were different, and potential reasons for this are discussed. Due to data limitations, however, the long-term demographic consequences of mining for local Sami people remain unclear. The paper problematises this research gap in light of general concerns about mining impacts on traditional Sami livelihoods.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Dahl, Justiina, et al.
(författare)
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Is there anything natural about the polar?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Polar Record. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0032-2474 .- 1475-3057. ; , s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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