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| 2. |
- Drobni, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Carboxy-fluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester labeled papillomavirus virus-like particles fluoresce after internalization and interact with heparan sulfate for binding and entry
- 2003
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Ingår i: Virology. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 310:1, s. 163-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect epithelial cells and are associated with genital carcinoma. Most epithelial cell lines express cell-surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) usually found attached to the protein core of proteoglycans. Our aim was to study how GAGs influenced HPV entry. Using a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), preincubation of HPV virus-like particles (VLPs) with GAGs showed a dose-dependent inhibition of binding. The IC(50) (50% inhibition) was only 0.5 microg/ml for heparin, 1 microg/ml for dextran sulfate, and 5-10 microg/ml for heparan sulfate from mucosal origin. Mutated chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines lacking heparan sulfate or all GAGs were unable to bind HPV VLPs. Here we also report a method to study internalization by using VLPs labeled with carboxy-fluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester, a fluorochrome that is only activated after cell entry. Pretreatment of labeled HPV VLPs with heparin inhibited uptake, suggesting a primary interaction between HPV and cell-surface heparan sulfate.
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| 3. |
- Lindberg, A Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Genome of Coxsackievirus B3
- 1987
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Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 156:1, s. 50-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The entire nucleotide sequence of the coxsackievirus B3 strain Nancy (CB3) genome has been determined from cDNA. The genome is 7396 nucleotides long, and encodes a 2185 amino acid long polyprotein. It exhibits the same gene organization as other enterovirus genomes. A detailed comparison was carried out between the proteins encoded by the CB3 and poliovirus type 1 strain Mahoney (PVI) genomes. The genes encoding the VPg polypeptide and the viral polymerase are the most conserved regions. The structural polypeptides VP1, VP2, and VP3 are less well conserved although proline and tryptophan residues frequently are found in identical positions. The VP1 protein of CB3 shows a particularly limited homology in those regions which have been found to induce neutralizing antibodies against PV1. The 5′ noncoding region of CB3 is closely related to that of PV1, with regard to both length and sequence organization, whereas the 3′ noncoding region of CB3 exhibits some unique features.
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| 4. |
- Ahlgren-Berg, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative analysis of the bifunctional Cox proteins of two heteroimmune P2-like phages with different host integration sites
- 2009
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Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 385:2, s. 303-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Cox protein of the coliphage P2 is multifunctional; it acts as a transcriptional repressor of the Pc promoter, as a transcriptional activator of the P(LL) promoter of satellite phage P4, and as a directionality factor for site-specific recombination. The Cox proteins constitute a unique group of directionality factors since they couple the developmental switch with the integration or excision of the phage genome. In this work, the DNA binding characteristics of the Cox protein of WPhi, a P2-related phage, are compared with those of P2 Cox. P2 Cox has been shown to recognize a 9 bp sequence, repeated at least 6 times in different targets. In contrast to P2 Cox, WPhi Cox binds with a strong affinity to the early control region that contains an imperfect direct repeat of 12 nucleotides. The removal of one of the repeats has drastic effects on the capacity of WPhi to bind to the Pe-Pc region. Again in contrast to P2 Cox, WPhi Cox has a lower affinity to attP compared to the Pe-Pc region, and a repeat of 9 bp can be found that has 5 bp in common with the repeat in the Pe-Pc region. WPhi Cox, however, is essential for excisive recombination in vitro. WPhi Cox, like P2 Cox, binds cooperatively with integrase to attP. Both Cox proteins induce a strong bend in their DNA targets upon binding.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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In situ rolling circle amplification detection of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) complementary and viral RNA
- 2012
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Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 426:2, s. 87-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a human pathogen that causes a severe disease with high fatality rate for which there is currently no specific treatment. Knowledge regarding its replication cycle is also highly limited. In this study we developed an in situ technique for studying the different stages during the replication of CCHFV. By integrating reverse transcription, padlock probes, and rolling circle amplification, we were able to detect and differentiate between viral RNA (vRNA) and complementary RNA (cRNA) molecules, and to detect viral protein within the same cell. These data demonstrate that CCHFV nucleocapsid protein (NP) is detectable already at 6 hours post infection in vRNA- and cRNA-positive cells. Confocal microscopy showed that cRNA is enriched and co-localized to a large extent with NP in the perinuclear area, while vRNA has a more random distribution in the cytoplasm with only some co-localize with NP. However, vRNA and cRNA did not appear to co-localize directly.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Emma K, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Adenovirus interactions with CD46 on transgenic mouse erythrocytes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 402:1, s. 20-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hemagglutination is an established method but has not been used previously to determine the efficacy of virus binding to a specific cellular receptor. Here we have utilized CD46-expressing erythrocytes from a transgenic mouse to establish whether and to what extent the species B adenoviruses (Ads) as well as Ad37 and Ad49 of species D can interact with CD46. A number of different agglutination patterns, and hence CD46 interactions, could be observed for the different adenovirus types. In this system Ad7p, Ad11a, and Ad14 did not agglutinate mouse erythrocytes at all. Hemagglutination of CD46 expressing erythrocytes with high efficiency was observed for the previously established CD46 users Ad11p and Ad35 as well as for the less investigated Ad34. Ad50 agglutinated with moderate efficiency. Ad16, Ad21 and Ad49 gave incomplete agglutination. Ad16 was the only adenovirus that could be eluted. No specific CD46 interaction could be observed for Ad3p or for Ad37.
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| 9. |
- Arnberg, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Adenovirus type 37 binds to cell surface sialic acid through a charge-dependent interaction
- 2002
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Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 302:1, s. 33-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most adenoviruses use the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) as a major cellular receptor. We have shown recently that adenovirus types 8, 19a, and 37, which are the major causes of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, use sialic acid rather than CAR as a major cellular receptor. The predicted isoelectric point of the receptor-interacting knob domain in the adenovirus fiber protein is unusually high (9.0-9.1) in type 8, 19a, and 37. The pKa of sialic acid is low, 2.6, implying a possible involvement of charge in fiber knob-sialic acid interactions. Here we show that (i) positively charged adenovirus knobs require sialic acid for efficient cell membrane interactions; (ii) viral and knob interactions with immobilized sialic acid or cell-surface sialic acid are sensitive to increased ionic strength; (iii) negatively charged molecules such as sulfated glycosaminoglycans inhibit the binding of virions to target cells in a nonspecific, charge-dependent manner; and that (iv) the ability of adenovirus knobs to interact with sialic acid correlates with the overall charge on the top surface of the respective knobs as predicted by homology modeling. Taken together, the results presented provide strong evidence for a charge mechanism during the interaction between the Ad37 fiber knob and sialic acid.
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| 10. |
- Arnberg, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Fiber genes of adenoviruses with tropism for the eye and the genital tract
- 1997
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Ingår i: Virology. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 227:1, s. 239-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have characterized the fibergenes of adenovirus type 19p (Ad19p), Ad19a, and Ad37 by sequencing. The fiber genes of Ad19a and Ad37 are identical and only five amino acids differ comparing Ad19a/Ad37 with Ad19p. Based on the translated sequences we calculated the isoelectrical points (Ips) and found that the fiber knobs of Ad19p, Ad19a, and Ad37 together with Ad8 display the highest Ips of all so far characterized. Two regions within the fiber knob with unusually basic characteristics have been identified. Sequence alignments revealed that the corresponding regions in other fiber knobs are highly antigenic in pepscan analysis and of importance for hemagglutination. Only two positions differ in the knobs comparing Ad19a/Ad37 with Ad19p. Hence, either of these or both amino acid residues should be expected to be responsible for the observed differences in hemagglutination between Ad19p and Ad19a/Ad37. Moreover, we have found two amino acids (Ala227 and Lys252) that are unique in their respective position in Ad19p, Ad19a, Ad37, and Ad8. Three amino acids (Lys236, Lys240, and Asn251) are unique in their respective position in Ad19a and Ad37, that manifest a tropism for the genital tract. All five amino acids colocalize within one of the two basic regions.
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