| 1. |
- Adam, Davey, et al.
(författare)
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(In)Formal Support and Unmet Needs in the National Long-Term care Survey
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 44:4, s. 437-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We linked individual-level data from the 2004 wave of the National Long-Term Care Survey with state-level data from the National Aging Program Information Systems (NAPIS) State Program Reports to predict care mix and unmet need for assistance. Our sample consisted of 2422 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 and older (69% women, 8% nonwhite) who reported at least one limitation in an instrumental or basic activity of daily living. We used the data to predict the mix of formal and informal support received, and the probability of having at least one unmet need from individual (predisposing, enabling, and need) characteristics with state-level home help coverage rates, intensity of home help services, and proportion of population aged 60+ residing in institutional settings. Consistent with past research, a majority (52.6%) of the disabled sample reported unmet need. At the individual level, enabling (availability of kin support) and need (number of basic and instrumental activity of daily living impairments, BADLs and IADLs) were most strongly associated with care mix and unmet need. State-level services were not associated with receipt of informal supports. In states providing home help services to a higher proportion of elders, women were more likely to receive formal help. In states providing more intensive services, women were less likely and individuals living alone more likely to receive formal supports. In states where a higher proportion of elders lived in nursing homes, individuals living alone were more likely to receive formal assistance, less likely overall to report unmet needs, but the oldest-old were more likely to report unmet need.
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| 2. |
- Behtoui, Alireza
(författare)
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Marriage Pattern of Immigrants in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - : University of Calgary -- Dept of Sociology. - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 41:3, s. 415-436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is (a) to depict the general pattern of partnership of Immigrants and their children in Sweden and their position in the Swedish ""marriage market"" relative to that of natives; (b) to estimate probability of out-marriage of individuals from different immigrant groups with natives; and (c) to examine 'exchange theory' in relation to partnerships between immigrants and natives. Using a register data-set provided by Statistics Sweden, I find that individuals in this sample tend to choose men and women who are like themselves in socio-economic background, income, educational level, and position in the labour market. Regarding ""immigrant background,"" the results indicate a tendency towards ""ethnic endogamy."" Results also show that men and women with origins in countries outside northwest Europe and North America (ONW) have a lower probability of having a native partner than others. Empirical results also provide some support for ""exchange theory,"" that is, members of the ONW Immigrant group with native partners have compensated for their ""tribal stigma of race/ethnicity"" with their age and educational differences. They tend to be younger and better-educated than their native partners.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gupta, Sanjiv, et al.
(författare)
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The Economic Gap Among Women in Time Spent on Housework in Former West Germany and Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - : University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress). - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 46:2, s. 181-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quantitative scholarship on domestic labor has documented the existence of a gender gap in its performance in all countries for which data are available. Only recently have researchers begun to analyze economic disparities among women in their time spent doing housework, and their studies have been largely limited to the U.S. We extend this line of inquiry using data from two European countries, the former West Germany and Sweden. We estimate the economic gap in women's housework time, which we define as the difference between the time spent by women at the lowest and highest deciles of their own earnings. We expect this gap to be smaller in Sweden given its celebrated success at reducing both gender and income inequality. Though Swedish women do spend less time on domestic labor, however, and though there is indeed less earnings inequality among them, the economic gap in their housework is only a little smaller than among women in the former West Germany. In both places, a significant negative association between women's individual earnings and their housework time translates into economic gaps of more than 2.5 hours per week. Moreover, in both countries, women at the highest earnings decile experience a gender gap in housework that is smaller by about 4 hours per week compared to their counterparts at the lowest decile.
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| 5. |
- Hagqvist, Emma, 1980-
(författare)
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Toward gender equality in practice? Cross-national patterns of change in the gendered division of housework over two decades
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - : University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress). - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; XLIX:3, s. 355-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on cross-sectional data from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) repeated at three time points, this article studies whether and how the gendered division of housework changed between 1994 and 2012 across 21 countries. Large transformations toward greater gender equality at the societal level during this period (i.e., gender equality norms, the share of women with higher education, and women’s employment rate) are analyzed in relation to potential changes in the division of housework at the individual level. The results reveal a general change toward an equalization in the division of housework over the two studied decades. To a certain extent, these changes are related to corresponding changes at the societal level, particularly in relation to increases in the employment rate of women. In addition, the pace of change over time varies across countries clustered in different family-policy models. The models became increasingly similar to one another during the analyzed period. Demonstrating a greater change in the conservative models in relation to the dual earner countries.
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| 6. |
- Morell, Ildiko Asztalos
(författare)
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Between harmony and conflicting interests : Gendered marital negotiations in Hungarian post-socialist farm family enterprises
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 38:3, s. 435-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores decision making processes in farm families with off farm working wives in post socialist Hungary based on an interview material with ten farm families. Decision making concerning issues of consumption and production is seen as a key arena for the articulation of gender relations within the farm family. Farm familieswith the husband being the head of the enterprise and the wife having an off farm wage labour constitute a specific case. Off fann incomes, in Hungary, played a crucial role in the capital accumulation phase of the farms. As previous research indicated, off farm incomes often constitute an integral part of the overall farm strategy. Off farm working wives contribute to the reproduction of the farm enterprise in diverse ways, such as through direct participation in the farm labour, through their reproductive labour and by releasing the farm from supplying consumption expenses by bringing in additional assets. Meanwhile, the economic boundaries (i.e. ownership of assets and economic liability) of the family farm are intimately interwoven with the family as a reproductive, kinship and consumption unit. This paper explores family relations as -formed along dynamics of power (i.e. of equality Vs inequality) and dynamics of solidarity (focus on individual autonomy vs processes strengthening couple relations). With roots in the capability approach participation in decision making is seen as an expression of the ability to voice, negotiate and or enforce initiatives grounded in individual interests.
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| 7. |
- Morell, Ildiko Asztalos, et al.
(författare)
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Family and gender in the transformation of the countryside
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 38:3, s. 371-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This special issue presents articles which explore how gender relations evolved in-rural families in the context of the ongoing transformation of rural life at large and farming in specific related to the global trends of modemisation. The effects of modernisation on rurality are contextual. The case studies in this volume represent diverse patterns of modernisation along different paths to industrialisation (cases studies from Northern, highly industrialised versus Southern late industrialised countries) as well as along different paths to capitalism (see the case studies from post-socialist societies). Large-scale socioeconomic forces led to the transition and dissolution of the "traditional farm family". New forms of existence emerge for rural families complementing and even replacing the role of farming. The volume elucidates how gender relations are formed in rural families representing a diversity of emerging rural family life-styles, such as one-man farms, summer farms, farms engaged with tourism or having complementary off farm incomes. Gender relations are also studied in the light of changing gender ideologies, such as the case of post-socialist societies. The case studies in the volume provide empirical and theoretical frameworks exploring how the relation between the ongoing transformation of family farms (such as processes of masculinisation vs feminisation) and of rural families (such as retraditio-nalisation vs detraditionalisation) can be related to changing gender relations (women's empowerment vs reconstitution of gender inequalities).
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| 8. |
- Trost, Jan
(författare)
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A Theoretical Introduction to Family and Mobility
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 44:6, s. 683-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A theoretical model for everyday behavior is presented based upon ideas of choice and chance. Argumented is that most of our behavior is a set of activities based upon chance even when we in everyday language we call them made by choice. The Self acts spontaneously when no evident alternative is there and the activities are by chance, they just happen. The theoretical model is applied upon the phenomenon of parents leaving their children for a limited time to earn money for a decent survival.
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| 9. |
- Trost, Jan, 1935-
(författare)
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Family structure and relationships : The dyadic approach
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - Calgary, Alberta : J. L. A. Horna. - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 27:2, s. 395-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many attempts have been made at defining family and most have been successful. By successful I mean here that the definitions have been accepted by an important number of followers. But. the definitions have all been seriously questioned by others and ha
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| 10. |
- Trost, Jan
(författare)
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Marriage, Cohabitation and LAT Relationships
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Family Studies. - 0047-2328 .- 1929-9850. ; 47:1, s. 17-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As long as we know, marriages have always existed in Europe. When Christianity came the rituals also came or changed. In, for example, Iceland, these new rituals were only to some extent accepted for hundreds of years. In most other countries marriage the Christian way became also a concern for the states. And the few existing non-marital cohabitation couples were "deviants" in the meaning that they did not follow the rules of the social institution of marriage. Many of these were based upon poverty. During the 1960's many of the traditional way couples lived were questioned, especially by activists, and changes came in some countries and in the beginning of the 1970s in other countries. The three Scandinavian countries were first with the changes. Cohabitation rapidly came as a social institution along marriage. To start with people in these new cohabitations were actively against the social institution of marriage and were in that sense "deviant". Soon many became followers and they were certainly not in opposition to the societal values. These changes will be discussed with a theoretical background on what marriage has meant and means today together with a view on a follower of the changes and cohabitation, namely LAT relationships.
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