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- Madison, Guy, 1961-
(författare)
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Variability in isochronous tapping: higher-order dependencies as a function of inter tap interval
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0096-1523 .- 1939-1277. ; 27:2, s. 411-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Isochronous serial interval production (ISIP) data, as from unpaced finger tapping, exhibit higher-order dependencies (drift). This fact has largely been ignored by the timing literature, one reason probably being that influential timing models assume random variability. Men and women, 22-36 years old, performed a synchronization-continuation task with inter-tap intervals (ITI) from 0.4 s to 2.2 s. ISIP variability was partitioned into components attributable to drift and first-order serial correlation, and the results indicate that (a) drift contributes substantially to the dispersion for longer ITIs, (b) drift and first-order correlation are different functions of the ITI, and (c) drift exhibits breaks close to 1 s and 1.4 s ITI. These breaks correspond to qualitative changes in performance for other temporal tasks, which suggests common timing processes across modalities and tasks.
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- Runeson, Sverker, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Achievement of Specificational Information Usage with True and False Feedback in Learning a Visual Relative-Mass Discrimination Task
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0096-1523 .- 1939-1277. ; 33:1, s. 163-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Participants' usage of informational variables in learning visual relative-mass discrimination in collisions was tracked by means of PROBIT correlations. Four groups received feedback that was true or accorded with either of three non-specificational cue variables. A majority in each group adopted the feedback but several participants defied the false feedback. Unlike in previous research, the fit to data of the relative-mass invariant could not be bettered by post hoc linear combinations of the cues. Discriminability was lower in the use of the invariant. Analytic complexity was rejected as an explanation for discriminability differences. A "smart mechanism" for pickup of the relative-mass invariant was developed as an extension of G. Johansson's (1950/1994) vector model.
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- Collier, Elizabeth S, et al.
(författare)
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It's out of my hands! grasping capacity may not influence perceived object size
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association Inc.. - 0096-1523 .- 1939-1277. ; 43:4, s. 749-769
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Linkenauger, Witt, and Proffitt (2011) found that the perceived size of graspable objects was scaled by perceived grasping capacity. However, it is possible that this effect occurred because object size was estimated on the same trial as grasping capacity. This may have led to a conflation of estimates of perceived action capacity and spatial properties. In 5 experiments, we tested Linkenauger et al.'s claim that right-handed observers overestimate the grasping capacity of their right hand relative to their left hand, and that this, in turn, leads them to underestimate the size of objects to-be-grasped in their right hand relative to their left hand. We replicated the finding that right handers overestimate the size and grasping capacity of their right hand relative to their left hand. However, when estimates of object size and grasping capacity were made in separate tasks, objects grasped in the right hand were not underestimated relative to those grasped in the left hand. Further, when grasping capacity was physically restricted, observers appropriately recalibrated their perception of their maximum grasp but estimates of object size were unaffected. Our results suggest that changes in action capacity may not influence perceived object size if sources of conflation are controlled for.
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- Hervais-Adelman, Alexis G., et al.
(författare)
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Generalization of perceptual learning of vocoded speech
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0096-1523 .- 1939-1277. ; 37:1, s. 283-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent work demonstrates that learning to understand noise-vocoded (NV) speech alters sublexical perceptual processes but is enhanced by the simultaneous provision of higher-level, phonological, but not lexical content (Hervais-Adelman, Davis, Johnsrude, & Carlyon, 2008), consistent with top-down learning (Davis, Johnsrude, Hervais-Adelman, Taylor, & McGettigan, 2005; Hervais-Adelman et al., 2008). Here, we investigate whether training listeners with specific types of NV speech improves intelligibility of vocoded speech with different acoustic characteristics. Transfer of perceptual learning would provide evidence for abstraction from variable properties of the speech input. In Experiment 1, we demonstrate that learning of NV speech in one frequency region generalizes to an untrained frequency region. In Experiment 2, we assessed generalization among three carrier signals used to create NV speech: noise bands, pulse trains, and sine waves. Stimuli created using these three carriers possess the same slow, time-varying amplitude information and are equated for naïve intelligibility but differ in their temporal fine structure. Perceptual learning generalized partially, but not completely, among different carrier signals. These results delimit the functional and neural locus of perceptual learning of vocoded speech. Generalization across frequency regions suggests that learning occurs at a stage of processing at which some abstraction from the physical signal has occurred, while incomplete transfer across carriers indicates that learning occurs at a stage of processing that is sensitive to acoustic features critical for speech perception (e.g., noise, periodicity).
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- Holm, Linus, et al.
(författare)
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Motor and Executive Control in Repetitive Timing of Brief Intervals
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0096-1523 .- 1939-1277. ; 39:2, s. 365-380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the causal role of executive control functions in the production of brief time intervals by means of a concurrent task paradigm. To isolate the influence of executive functions on timing from motor coordination effects, we dissociated executive load from the number of effectors used in the dual task situation. In 3 experiments, participants produced isochronous intervals ranging from 524 to 2,000 ms with either the left or the right hand. The concurrent task consisted of the production of either a pseudorandom (high cognitive load) or a simple repeated (low cognitive load) spatial sequence of key presses, while also maintaining a regular temporal sequence. This task was performed with either a single hand (unimanual) or with both hands simultaneously (bimanual). Interference in terms of increased timing variability caused by the concurrent task was observed only in the bimanual condition. We verified that motor coordination in bimanual tasks alone could not account for the interference. Timing interference only appeared when (a) more than 1 effector was involved and (b) there were simultaneous task demands that recruited executive functions. Task interference was not seen if only 1 of these 2 conditions was met. Thus, our results suggest that executive functions are not directly involved in motor timing, but can indirectly affect timing performance when they are required to schedule complex motor coordination.
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