| 1. |
- Alampay, Liane Pena, et al.
(författare)
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Severity and justness do not moderate the relation between corporal punishment and negative child outcomes : A multicultural and longitudinal study
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 41:4, s. 491-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is strong evidence of a positive association between corporal punishment and negative child outcomes, but previous studies have suggested that the manner in which parents implement corporal punishment moderates the effects of its use. This study investigated whether severity and justness in the use of corporal punishment moderate the associations between frequency of corporal punishment and child externalizing and internalizing behaviors. This question was examined using a multicultural sample from eight countries and two waves of data collected one year apart. Interviews were conducted with 998 children aged 7–10 years, and their mothers and fathers, from China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Thailand, and the United States. Mothers and fathers responded to questions on the frequency, severity, and justness of their use of corporal punishment; they also reported on the externalizing and internalizing behavior of their child. Children reported on their aggression. Multigroup path models revealed that across cultural groups, and as reported by mothers and fathers, there is a positive relation between the frequency of corporal punishment and externalizing child behaviors. Mother-reported severity and father-reported justness were associated with child-reported aggression. Neither severity nor justness moderated the relation between frequency of corporal punishment and child problem behavior. The null result suggests that more use of corporal punishment is harmful to children regardless of how it is implemented, but requires further substantiation as the study is unable to definitively conclude that there is no true interaction effect.
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| 2. |
- Bengtsson, Hans
(författare)
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Children's cognitive appraisal of others' distressful and positive experiences
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1464-0651 .- 0165-0254. ; 27:5, s. 457-466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presents a theoretical model for understanding how children's cognitive processing of empathy-provoking information is linked to vicariously aroused feelings, and to prosocial and aggressive behaviour. Predictions from the model were tested in a cross-sectional sample of second-, fourth-, and sixth-graders (N = 175) and in a large sample of fourth-graders (N = 124). Two significant forms of information processing bias were identified: (a) one that enhances the awareness of potential threats towards the self or others, and (b) one that reduces the emotional significance of the stimuli subjected to processing. Children high in empathy and prosocial behaviour tended to experience moderate levels of threat and to modulate the emotional significance of empathy-provoking stimuli through cognitive restructuring. Aggressive children tended to use dismissive operations and typically experienced either very low or very high levels of threat. The oldest children differed from the youngest by using more multiple perspective taking and cognitive restructuring.
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| 3. |
- Bergman, Lars R., et al.
(författare)
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I-states-as-objects-analysis (ISOA) : Extensions of an approach to studying short-term developmental processes by analyzing typical patterns
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 36:3, s. 237-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I-states-as-objects-analysis (ISOA) is a person-oriented methodology for studying short-term developmental stability and change in patterns of variable values. ISOA is based on longitudinal data with the same set of variables measured at all measurement occasions. A key concept is the i-state, defined as a person's pattern of variable values at a specific time point. All i-states are first subjected to a classification analysis that results in a time-invariant classification characterized by a number of typical i-states. Each person is then characterized at each time point by the typical i-state he/she belongs to. Then the person's sequences of typical i-states are analyzed with regard to structural and individual stability and change. Extensions of ISOA are presented where: (1) some methods for checking the assumption of a time-invariant classification are indicated; (2) information about the degree of dissimilarity between typical i-states is used as an aid in interpreting the findings; and (3) attention is given to closed paths-that is, typical i-state sequences that do not occur at all. To demonstrate the methods, an empirical example is given that concerns the development of children's achievement-intelligence patterns between ages 10 and 13.
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| 4. |
- Bowker, Julie C., et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural measurement of social withdrawal motivations across 10 countries using multiple-group factor analysis alignment
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : Sage Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 47:2, s. 190-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The goal of this study was to evaluate the measurement invariance of an adapted assessment of motivations for social withdrawal (Social Preference Scale-Revised; SPS-R) across cultural contexts and explore associations with loneliness. Participants were a large sample of university students (N = 4,397; M-age = 20.08 years, SD = 2.96; 66% females) from 10 countries (Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, India, Italy, South Korea, Norway, Turkey, and the United States). With this cross-cultural focus, we illustrate the multiple-group factor analysis alignment method, an approach developed to assess measurement invariance when there are several groups. Results indicated approximate measurement invariance across the 10 country groups. Additional analyses indicated that overall, shyness, avoidance, and unsociability are three related, but distinct factors, with some notable country differences evident (e.g., in China, India, and Turkey). Shyness and avoidance were related positively to loneliness in all countries, but the strength of the association between shyness and loneliness differed in Italy and India relative to the other countries. Results also indicated that unsociability was related positively to loneliness in the United States only. Theoretical and assessment implications are discussed.
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| 5. |
- Briem, Valdimar, et al.
(författare)
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Cognition and character traits as determinants of young children’s behaviour in traffic situations
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 1464-0651 .- 0165-0254. ; 24:4, s. 492-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Young children, 3 to 6 years’ old, were observed in two situations: (1) a traffic model, where they used dolls to enact the movements of two children on the way to and from day care; and (2) as they crossed a lightly trafficked, minor road in a situation analogous to that in the model. Atotal of 131 children participated. All were tested in the model situation (a), both on understanding of safety and safety devices and on road-crossing behaviour. The latter was seen as a task consisting of three components (i) using a zebra crossing, (ii) stopping at the curb, and (iii) looking for cars. Asubgroup of 47 children was tested on three character traits, activity, distraction, and impulsivity. Another subgroup of 45 children participated in the roadside situation (b). The results show that although both age and understanding were important predictors of appropriate behaviour in both traffic situations, the behaviour components were differentially related to these factors. Of the character traits, impulsivity was found to be reliably related to traffic behaviour.
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| 6. |
- Burk, William J., et al.
(författare)
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Beyond dyadic interdependence : actor-oriented models for co-evolving social networks and individual behaviors
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 31:4, s. 397-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Actor-oriented models are described as a longitudinal strategy for examining the co-evolution of social networks and individual behaviors. We argue that these models provide advantages over conventional approaches due to their ability to account for inherent dependencies between individuals embedded in a social network (i.e., reciprocity, transitivity) and model interdependencies between network and behavioral dynamics. We provide a brief explanation of actor-oriented processes, followed by a description of parameter estimates, model specification, and selection procedures used by the Simulation Investigation for Empirical Network Analyses (SIENA) software program (Snijders, Steglich, Schweinberger, & Huisman, 2006). To illustrate the applicability of these models, we provide an empirical example investigating the co-evolution of friendship networks and delinquent behaviors in a longitudinal sample of Swedish adolescents with the goal of simultaneously assessing selection and influence processes. Findings suggest both processes play a substantive role in the observed dynamics of delinquent behaviors, with influence having a relatively stronger role than selection (especially in reciprocated friendships).
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| 7. |
- Chuang, Susan S., et al.
(författare)
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Personality development from childhood to adolescence: A longitudinal study of ego-control and ego-resiliency in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 30:4, s. 338-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the development of ego-control (EC) and ego-resiliency (ER) over a 13-year period in a cohort of Swedish children first assessed at 2 years of age. Children became more ego-controlled over time although individual differences in EC remained stable. Children’s levels of resiliency increased from 2 to 3 years of age and then declined when they were 7 and 8 years of age. Boys continued to become less resilient in adolescence whereas girls became more resilient. Individual differences in boys’ resiliency levels were more stable over the 13-year span than girls’. The inter-correlations between EC and ER were only significant for boys at 2 and 15 years of age. The external validity of EC and ER was demonstrated by significant associations with ratings of the children’s adaptation to school as well as with their measures of their internalizing and externalizing behavior problems.
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| 8. |
- Denissen, Jaap J. A., et al.
(författare)
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How the internet is changing the implementation of traditional research methods, people's daily lives, and the way in which developmental scientists conduct research
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 34:6, s. 564-575
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent years have seen an impressive increase in web-based research, of which we review and discuss two main types. First, researchers can create online versions of traditional questionnaires. Using the internet in this way usually does not compromise the psychometric properties of such measures, and participants are typically not less representative of the general population than those of traditional studies. Technical guidelines are provided to set up such studies, and thorny issues such as participants' anonymity are discussed. We will also discuss issues regarding the assessment of minors and the repeated assessment of participants to assess developmental changes via the web. Second, the internet has changed the way people interact with each other. The study of the psychosocial consequences of this development is called cyberpsychology. We review emerging findings from this young discipline, with a focus on developmentally-relevant implications such as the use of the internet by adolescents to disclose personal information.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Mårten
(författare)
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The Swedish Communicative Development Inventory III : Parent reports on language in preschool children
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : Sage Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 41:5, s. 647-654
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A revised form of MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory III (SCDI-III) was presented designed for Swedish speakingchildren aged 2 years 6 months–4 years 0 months with the objective to give a proxy measure of their language competence. The instrumentcontains a vocabulary checklist with 100 words, mainly predicates, from four areas; Food words, Body words, Mental words and Emotionwords. Two sections assess the child’s grammar skills and a final section appraises the child’s metalinguistic awareness. Assessments from1,134 parents are reported. Scales with adequate psychometric properties were formed for each section. Monthly median values andspread of score distributions are presented for each scale. Girls scored higher than boys on all scales. The revision, sampling procedures,demographic variables and issues of reliability and validity, are discussed. The general structure of the instrument can well be integrated insimilar instruments designed for other languages and cultures.
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| 10. |
- Galambos, Nancy L., et al.
(författare)
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Who gets caught at maturity gap? : a study of pseudomature, immature, and mature adolescents
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 27:3, s. 253-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research examined links among adolescents’ maturity status, their biological, social, and psychological characteristics, and parents’ perceptions of their adolescents’ maturity. The participants were 430 Canadian adolescents in the sixth and ninth grades, and a subsample of their parents. Pattern-centred analyses confirmed the existence of three clusters of adolescents differing in maturity status: pseudomature (25%), immature (30%), and mature (44%). Further analyses found differences among the clusters in adolescents’ pubertal status, the social context (presence of older siblings and friends), and their desired age, involvement in pop culture, school and peer involvement, and close friendships. Analysis of mother and father reports revealed some differences in how parents of pseudomature, immature, and mature adolescents perceived their adolescents’ maturity, and in how they felt about their adolescents’ maturity. There were few grade differences in the findings. The results suggest that pseudomature adolescents, and to a smaller extent, immature adolescents, are caught in a maturity gap, which could have longer-term implications for their transition to adulthood.
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