| 1. |
- Larsson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Peripheral and central visual fields in 11-year-old children who had been born prematurely and at term
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0191-3913 .- 1938-2405. ; 41, s. 39-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To examine the peripheral and central visual fields in children who had been born prematurely and at term. METHODS: Four groups of 11-year-old children were examined: group 1 included 24 children who had been born at term (control group); group 2 included 20 children who had been born prematurely without ROP; group 3 included 22 children who had been born prematurely with untreated ROP (stages 2 and 3); and group 4 included 21 children who had been born prematurely and underwent cryotreatment for severe ROP. Their peripheral visual fields were examined with Goldmann perimetry. Static high-pass resolution perimetry was used to evaluate their central visual fields within 30 degrees. RESULTS: The peripheral visual fields were constricted in children who had undergone cryotreatment (group 4), as compared with the other groups (1 to 3). We found no difference between the groups of children who had been born prematurely with or without ROP (groups 2 and 3) and the control group. The function of the central visual fields, expressed as neural capacity, was reduced in the children who had been born prematurely compared with the controls, significantly in their left eyes only. The children who underwent cryotreament did not differ from the other children who had been born prematurely in this respect. CONCLUSIONS: The peripheral visual fields were constricted in children who had undergone cryotreatment. It is uncertain whether this was caused by the treatment or by severe ROP. The central visual fields showed a tendency of reduced neural capacity in the children who had been born prematurely, reflecting a reduced density of retinocortical neural channels. However, this was not related to ROP or cryotreatment.
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| 2. |
- Martin, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Visual function in young adults following intrauterine growth retardation
- 2004
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Ingår i: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. ; 41:4, s. 212-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) resulting in infants born small for gestational age is a known risk factor for neurologic deficits and may predispose to poor cognitive development later in life. We recently found an association between IUGR and a reduced neuroretinal rim area at 18 years of age. We evaluated the possible association between IUGR and visual function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied 26 subjects who had been born small for gestational age and 20 subjects whose birth weights were appropriate for gestational age (controls) using letter acuity thresholds, color vision testing, full-threshold frequency doubling technology perimetry, and rarebit perimetry at 18 years of age. gestational age had a rarebit hit rate below the normal range as compared with none of the controls (P = .006). These 8 subjects had a significantly smaller rim-disc ratio compared with the subjects who were small for gestational age who had a normal rarebit hit rate (P = .047). The frequency doubling technology indices did not differ significantly between the control group and the group that was small for gestational age, nor did the visual acuity, refraction, and color vision test results. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that IUGR is associated with an increased rate of impaired visual function, which can be detected by using rarebit perimetry but not frequency doubling technology perimetry, visual acuity, or color vision tests.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gyllén, Jenny, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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PECARE: Parental Feedback to Improve Congenital Cataract Care in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0191-3913 .- 1938-2405. ; 60:4, s. 288-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To analyze non-directed parental feedback to health care providers responsible for pediatric cataract care in Sweden. Methods: A directed content analysis was used to analyze data consisting of text representing free comments provided by 40 parents. A deductive approach was employed by applying the model of balancing the child's inability and ability, which includes the categories mastering, collaborating, facilitating, and adapting. Results: Parents lacked piloting and self-management support. They experienced an absence of partnership with the health care team and not being taken seriously. They also felt abandoned by health care, resulting in emotional distress. Parents highlighted the impact of their social network and the challenges involved in accepting and adapting to the changes in everyday life. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the consequences of the lack of a caring partnership with health care professionals. Because parents act as mediators of care to the child with congenital cataract, persistence on the part of parents and a family-centered approach are essential for the child's visual development.
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| 5. |
- Holmström, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and Development of Strabismus in 10-Year-Old Premature Children : A population-based study
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0191-3913 .- 1938-2405. ; 43:6, s. 346-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and development of strabismus, at 10 years, in children born prematurely. Methods: This population-based study included 216 premature and 217 full-term children from the same geographic area. Results: Strabismus was noted in 16.2% (35 of 216) premature and in 3.2% (7 of 217) full-term children. The most important risk factors for strabismus at 10 years were anisometropia at 6 months, spherical equivalent refractive errors (ie, > +3 D or < -3 D) at 2.5 years, and various neurologic conditions. Conclusion: At 10 years, children born prematurely have a greater risk of strabismus than children born at term.
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| 6. |
- Kjellström, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Electrophysiological evaluation of retinal function in children receiving vigabatrin medication
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0191-3913 .- 1938-2405. ; 48:6, s. 65-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate retinal function in children taking vigabatrin and to explore the influence of age and dose parameters on the results of full-field electroretinography (ff-ERG).METHODS: The ff-ERGs from 14 children receiving vigabatrin were compared with ff-ERGs from healthy controls. Treated children were further grouped according to age (pre-school = 12-71 months; older = 72-228 months). Parameters of drug dosage were compared.RESULTS: Treated children showed rod and cone dysfunction reflected by reduced b-wave amplitudes for the isolated rod response, the combined rod-cone response, and the 30-Hz flicker response. The a-wave amplitude and implicit time for the combined rod-cone response, reflecting photoreceptor function, were also altered. Further evaluation of age groups revealed similar findings in the pre-school group but not in the older group. Alterations in ff-ERG were seen in 57% of the treated children. Pre-school children had received significantly higher daily drug doses with start of medication at younger age. No differences were found concerning cumulative doses or duration of medication.CONCLUSION: Alterations in ff-ERG are as frequent in children as in adults and the results indicate that exposure to high daily doses of vigabatrin may be associated with increased risk of retinal dysfunction, including photoreceptor damage, not previously shown in children. Thus, recommendations of careful follow-up for children receiving vigabatrin are supported.
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| 7. |
- Martin, Lene M, et al.
(författare)
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Rarebit perimetry and optic disk topography in pediatric glaucoma
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0191-3913 .- 1938-2405. ; 44:4, s. 223-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between visual field and optic nerve topography findings in a cohort of children with pediatric glaucoma and an age-matched and sex-matched control SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifteen children, aged 6 to 15 years, with pediatric glaucoma in at least one eye and 15 age-matched and sex-matched healthy children were examined with best-corrected visual acuity and perimetry. When possible, scanning laser topography of the optic disk (ie, Heidelberg retinal tomography) was performed. RESULTS: Of 27 eyes in 15 children with pediatric glaucoma examined with Goldmann perimetry, 15 eyes (55%) had a normal visual field. Of 24 eyes examined with Rarebit perimetry, 8 eyes (33%) showed normal results and 16 eyes (67%) showed an abnormally low hit rate (ie, the fraction of seen targets vs presented targets). Nine of the 15 eyes showing normal Goldmann visual fields had a subnormal Rarebit hit rate. All children in the control group had normal Rarebit visual fields. Heidelberg retinal tomography could be performed in all healthy children and in 22 eyes of 13 children with pediatric glaucoma. The concordance between the Heidelberg retinal tomography classification (ie, normal or glaucoma) and the Rarebit results was high (Cohen's kappa = 0.79). A statistically significant correlation (r = 0.66, P = .006) between Rarebit hit rate and Heidelberg retinal tomography glaucoma index was found in the glaucoma group. CONCLUSIONS: Rarebit perimetry detected glaucomatous damage in various types of pediatric glaucoma, and can be assumed to be of value in both diagnosis and follow-up. In 13 children with glaucoma, Heidelberg retinal tomography could be performed. The results conformed well to Rarebit findings.
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| 8. |
- Thorisdottir, Rannveig Linda, et al.
(författare)
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The Success of Unilateral Surgery for Constant and Intermittent Exotropia and Factors Affecting It in a Large Scandinavian Case Series
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. - 0191-3913 .- 1938-2405. ; 58:1, s. 34-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare the results of surgery for constant and intermittent exotropia, to determine factors affecting surgical success, and to evaluate the effect of horizontal rectus muscle surgery on distance-near incomitance. Methods: In this retrospective study of 291 Scandinavian patients, inclusion criteria were surgery for constant (n = 101) or intermittent (n = 190) exotropia with no vertical deviation, no previous strabismus surgery, and available postoperative follow-up data. Medical records of patients (age: 3 to 85 years) undergoing surgery were reviewed. Surgical success was defined as postoperative esodeviation of less than 5 prism diopters (PD) to exodeviation of 10 PD or less. Results: Surgical success was 70% in constant exotropia and 80% in intermittent exotropia (P > .05). At followup 1.5 years after surgery, a significant drift was found in intermittent exotropia (P < .05). Different surgeons, spherical equivalents, anisometropia, amblyopia, gender, and age had no effect on surgical success (P > .05). The surgical success rate increased with decreasing preoperative angle (P < .05). Resection of the medial rectus muscle had a greater effect on the near deviation, whereas recession of the lateral rectus muscle had a greater effect on the distance deviation (P < .05). Conclusions: Surgical success was equally good in constant and intermittent exotropia, but better long-term stability was observed following surgery for constant exotropia.The only factor affecting surgical success was the preoperative deviation, with smaller deviations having a better outcome. A distance-near incomitance may be an important consideration in choosing the magnitude of medial versus lateral rectus muscle surgery.
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| 9. |
- Hock, R, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling climate conditions required for glacier formation in cirques of the Rassepautasjtjakka massif, northern Sweden
- 2002
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Ingår i: Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research. - 1938-4246. ; 34:1, s. 3-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Timing of cirque formation and the climate necessary to initiate glaciation are fundamental to the understanding of the landscape of the northern Scandinavian mountains. Empty cirques in the Rassepautasjtjakka massif are located near a glaciated area and thus appear near the glaciation limit. In order to investigate the climate conditions necessary for glacier formation in the cirques, we applied a spatially distributed temperature index melt model. After calibration under present climate conditions, the model was run with different combinations of increased initial winter snow cover and lowered summer air temperatures to assess the climate conditions needed for snow to survive summer and hence form a base for glaciation. Results indicate that a significant increase in precipitation or decrease in summer air temperature or a combination of both is necessary to initiate glaciation. Thus current climate conditions are far from favorable for glaciation. If summer temperature is decreased by 4degreesC or winter snow cover is more than doubled, only 10% of cirque areas remain snow covered, which is considered as a minimum condition for glacier formation. According to climate reconstructions such conditions have not occurred during the Holocene suggesting that the cirques have not been glaciated during this period. Consequently glaciation of the cirques must have occurred during other parts of the glacial cycles.
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