| 1. |
- Glatz, Terese, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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A test of cognitive dissonance theory to explain parents' reactions to youths' alcohol intoxication
- 2012
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In: Family Relations. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 61:4, s. 629-641
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies have shown that parents reduce control and support in response to youths' drinking. Why they react this way, however, is still unknown. From cognitive dissonance theory, we derived hypotheses about parents' reactions. We used a longitudinal, school-based sample of 494 youths (13 and 14 years, 56% boys) and their parents. General Linear Model (GLM) analyses were used to test the main hypotheses. In accord with our hypotheses, parents who encountered their youths intoxicated became less opposed to underage drinking over time. In addition, parents who remained strongly opposed to youth drinking experienced more worries than parents who became less opposed. Alternative explanations for the results were tested, but were not supported. The findings suggest that to eliminate the dissonance between their strict attitudes against youth drinking and their knowledge of their own youths' drinking, parents changed their attitudes and became more lenient.
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| 2. |
- Kaufman, Gayle, et al.
(author)
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His and Her Job : What Matters Most for Fertility Plans and Actual Childbearing?
- 2012
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In: Family Relations. - : Wiley. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 61:4, s. 686-697
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines workplace culture and fertility plans and transitions in Sweden. This study goes beyond previous research in examining the effect of particular job characteristics as well as the influence of a partner's job characteristics on women's and men's birth plans and transitions. We use data from the 1999 and 2003 Swedish Young Adult Panel Study. Results indicate that men are more likely to intend to have a child if their partner's job makes it easy to take parental leave or work part-time. Women are more likely to intend to have a child if their partner's job pays well. In addition, men whose job pays well are more likely to have a child. This research suggests that family-friendly policies may enhance fertility indirectly through men's fertility decision making.
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| 3. |
- Engsheden, Natalie, et al.
(author)
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Offering Relationship Education (PREP) for Couples During Pregnancy : Self-Selection Patterns
- 2013
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In: Family Relations. - : Wiley. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 62:4, s. 676-685
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate patterns of self-selection into the Prevention and Relationship Education Program (PREP) as it was offered universally to expectant couples attending maternity services in a Swedish town. The baseline questionnaire was answered by 141 couples, of whom 63% later participated in PREP, and 37% served as a comparison group. The results showed that couples who chose to participate in PREP had a shorter relationship, were more often unmarried first-time parents, and reported lower levels of relationship adjustment. PREP participants also had higher scores of depressive symptoms and poorer self-rated health. It seems that expectant couples are interested in preventive relationship education and that couples with more risk factors for vulnerable relationships self-selected into PREP when the program was offered universally during pregnancy. The selection pattern into PREP has interesting implications for public health interventions and their dissemination.
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| 4. |
- Geerts, Allison, et al.
(author)
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Who carries the baby? How lesbian couples in the Netherlands choose birth motherhood
- 2023
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In: Family Relations. - : Wiley. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 72:1, s. 176-194
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The purpose of the study is to contribute to an understanding of the cultural and normative meaning of birth motherhood and how lesbian couples decide who carries the child.Background: The decision of who carries the child is central in lesbian family-making, carrying consequences for life after birth. Even so, it has been relatively overlooked in research. Drawing from the sociology of personal life and Park's (2013) conceptualization of monomaternalism, we study how informants consider and decide birth motherhood.Method: Semistructured interviews with both partners in 21 pregnant lesbian couples in the Netherlands were thematically analyzed.Results: The meaning of birth motherhood was ambivalent, linked to femininity, socially recognized motherhood, and biogenetic imaginaries. In couples where both wanted to carry, age, which carried different symbolic meanings, was a powerful tiebreaker.Conclusion: Our study shows how the monomaternalist norm shapes conceptualizations of birth motherhood. Desires to experience pregnancy are strong for many. Referring to age can be a way for couples to defuse tension, but it can also be a resource drawn upon to close further negotiations.Implications: Our study carries implications for policy makers, health care workers, and mothers-to-be. Scholarly, it illuminates the ways in which motherhood, in its various forms, is perceived and recognized.
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| 5. |
- Glatz, Terese, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Exploring how adolescent boys' and girls' internalizing and externalizing behaviors impact parental self-efficacy : A vignette study
- 2023
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In: Family Relations. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 72:1, s. 347-360
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: We examine the effect of children's sex and behaviors on parents' level of parental self-efficacy (PSE).Background: PSE is a fundamental predictor of effective and positive parenting. Child characteristics could influence PSE and can help in understanding why some parents feel lower PSE.Method: We randomly assigned 1,020 American parents to read one of four vignettes describing a 16-year-old boy or girl with either externalizing or internalizing behaviors. Then, parents reported on their level of PSE for this hypothetical adolescent. We ran analyses of variance, including the sex of parents' focal child (6th-12th grade) as a factor.Results: Parents reported higher levels of PSE for girls and for externalizing behaviors than for boys and internalizing behaviors, respectively. A three-way interaction (vignette behavior x vignette sex x focal child's sex) was significant for the level of PSE. Parents whose focal child was a boy reported higher levels of PSE if they read a vignette of a boy with externalizing behaviors than if they read a vignette of a boy with internalizing behaviors. This was not found for parents whose focal child was a girl.Conclusion: The results gave partial support for a sex-incongruent hypothesis, as parents might find it easier to relate to the problems described if they have at least one child of the same sex as the vignette child. Implications These results offer a test of the effect of children's sex and behavior on PSE that has been lacking in the PSE literature.
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| 6. |
- Kridahl, Linda, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Relationship satisfaction and money pooling among older working and retired couples in Sweden
- 2024
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In: Family Relations. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 73:2, s. 1278-1295
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study explores whether relationship satisfaction among older individuals living with a partner is influenced by partners' status of working or being retired, and whether the degree of pooling money affects the association.Background: Couple's spending decisions are likely influenced by the partner with the greatest bargaining power, which may lead to different levels of relationship satisfaction. However, any role of partners' statuses on relationship satisfaction may change when adjusting for how partners organize resources.Method: The subsample consists of older respondents in the Swedish Gender and Generations Survey 2012–2013 (n = 1,737). The analytical approach is logistic regression where the outcome is whether the respondents are completely or not completely satisfied with their relationship.Results: Working respondents with a working partner were less satisfied with their relationship compared to retired respondents with a retired partner. In models considering the gender of whom is retired or working, respondents in couples with a working woman and a retired man were also less satisfied than retired respondents with a retired partner. However, this association disappears when adjusting for degree of pooling.Conclusion: In couples where the woman retires earlier than the man, it can have a negative impact on relationship satisfaction when the partners do not pool money. For couples with the same status, pooling seems to matter less.Implications: Financial educators, practitioners, and policymakers may acknowledge that retirement and working status of older partners play a role for relationship satisfaction, and how partners organize resources may be one area that provides a potential explanation for such problems.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Palmtag, Eva-Lisa
(author)
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Does It Matter Anymore? A Study of Childhood Characteristics and Separated Families' Contacts in Adulthood
- 2021
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In: Family Relations. - : Wiley. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 70:3, s. 726-740
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The study aimed to explore which factors influence intergenerational contacts between adult children and their separated parents, focusing on childhood characteristics.Background: Children from separated families have less frequent contact with their parents compared with peers from intact families. Yet few studies have examined the heterogeneity in intergenerational contact within separated families.Methods: Data were based on Swedish Level of Living Survey. Using linear probability model, the first analysis showed that intergenerational contacts vary depending on family type (n = 2,500). The study then explored variations in contacts within separated families (n = 472).Results: The findings show that previous frequent contacts with the nonresident parent were positively correlated with current father–child contacts.Conclusion: Separation has long‐term consequences on intergenerational contacts, and these are partly predicted by childhood characteristics.Implications: The findings suggest, for example, that alternate living (i.e., children living spending equal time with their parents after separation) may contribute to a more equal distribution of the contact between children and their separated parents even in adulthood and help narrow the gender gap in intergenerational contacts within separated families.
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| 9. |
- Zhao, Xiang, PhD, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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Emerging ideas. Filial piety, substance use, adverse childhood experiences, and parental support : An intergenerational perspective
- 2023
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In: Family Relations. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0197-6664 .- 1741-3729. ; 72:5, s. 3010-3022
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The goal was to test the validity of the dual filial piety model in Austria and examine how the reciprocal and authoritarian filial piety interplay with familial factors and one's tobacco and alcohol use.Background: Familial influences on substance use have been identified. Being conceptualized as a Chinese construct, research on filial piety and its interplay with substance use is insufficient in Western populations.Method: Using a cross-sectional survey including filial piety, familial variables, psychopathy traits, and alcohol use, we collected data from 201 Austrian community members (63.0% female; Mage = 35.15 years). Another age-stratified random sample with 202 Austrians was also subsequently recruited to replicate the original findings. Multiple correlational analyses and confirmatory structural equation modeling were utilized on both samples, separately.Results: The dual filial piety model was found as a robust construct in both samples, with an acceptable scalability (Cronbach's α > .70). Although filial piety was unassociated with substance use, earlier experiences and psychopathy traits both showed consistent correlations with substance use. Un-directional network analysis among variables further revealed an association between ever smoking experience and adverse childhood experiences, which was replicated in the second sample.Conclusions: This study highlights the utility of filial piety in non-Eastern populations. Filial piety was associated with substance use in one sample, but more research from family and developmental psychology is needed given its close relationships with childhood aversive experiences and remembered parental support.
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| 10. |
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