| 1. |
- Borg, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Clustering Residential Burglaries Using Modus Operandi and Spatiotemporal Information
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making. - : World Scientific. - 0219-6220 .- 1793-6845. ; 15:1, s. 23-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify series of residential burglaries, detecting linked crimes performed by the same constellations of criminals is necessary. Comparison of crime reports today is difficult as crime reports traditionally have been written as unstructured text and often lack a common information-basis. Based on a novel process for collecting structured crime scene information, the present study investigates the use of clustering algorithms to group similar crime reports based on combined crime characteristics from the structured form. Clustering quality is measured using Connectivity and Silhouette index (SI), stability using Jaccard index, and accuracy is measured using Rand index (RI) and a Series Rand index (SRI). The performance of clustering using combined characteristics was compared with spatial characteristic. The results suggest that the combined characteristics perform better or similar to the spatial characteristic. In terms of practical significance, the presented clustering approach is capable of clustering cases using a broader decision basis.
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| 2. |
- Danielson, Mats
(författare)
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Handling Imperfect User Statements in Real-Life Decision Analysis
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making. - 0219-6220 .- 1793-6845. ; 3:3, s. 513-534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using established techniques from operations research (linear programming) and well-known measures of probability and value, we present a computational representation and evaluation of imperfect, imprecise user statements in decision analysis. The presentation starts with the structure of a decision problem and a model of the situation is discussed. The courses of action are represented by consequence sets in the decision structure. Statements could have an interval form to reflect the translation of the imperfect input data.Statistical decision theory is utilized to discriminate between alternatives. Dealing with imprecise statements means encountering decision situations where different alternatives are to prefer in different parts of the consistent solution space to the constraints. Consequently, selection rules based on traditional admissibility are not enough to indicate preferred choices. New admissibility concepts and a procedure for analyzing such situations are discussed. An algorithm for optimizing bilinear functions that does not even require LP is presented.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Aron, et al.
(författare)
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Cardinal and Rank Ordering of Criteria — Addressing Prescription within Weight Elicitation
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making. - : World Scientific. - 0219-6220 .- 1793-6845. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Weight elicitation methods in multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) are often cognitively demanding, require too much precision, time and effort. Some of the issues may be remedied by connecting elicitation methods to an inference engine facilitating a quick and easy method for decision-makers to use weaker input statements, yet being able to utilize these statements in a method for decision evaluation. In this paper, we propose a fast and practically useful weight elicitation method, answering to many of the requirements. The method builds on the ideas of rank-order methods, but can also take imprecise cardinal information into account. The method is subsequently employed in two real-life case studies and compared to a case where a simple ratio weight procedure using exact input statements was employed.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Carlsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Surplus Values in Information Ecosystems
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Technology and Decision Making. - : World Scientific. - 0219-6220. ; 1:3, s. 559-571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model of surplus values within information ecosystems is presented. The model is based on the classical definition of surplus value. However, as this definition was developed within a manufacturing industry context, some modifications are necessary to adopt it to the context of information ecosystems, e.g. by taking into account that products are "virtual" rather than physical. Just as in agent-based computational economics, here the economics is modelled as evolving systems of autonomous interacting agents in an evolutionary framework. In this way the resulting model is able to capture more dynamic scenarios. The model is formally specified in terms of price, profit, and group gaining functions and is applied to some examples of societies of selfish agents in antagonistic groups to illustrate its dynamic properties. Moreover, the paper show how the model builds upon labour theory of value and contrasts it to consumer value models.
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