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- Champoux-Larsson, Marie-France, et al.
(författare)
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Social Categorization Based on Language and Facial Recognition
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of language and social psychology. - : SAGE Open. - 0261-927X .- 1552-6526. ; 41:3, s. 331-349
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two experimental studies were conducted to replicate the effect found by Baus et al. where language as a marker of social categories affected recognition of faces in an old/new paradigm. In Study 1, we presented faces along with utterances in Swedish and in English to native Swedish speakers. Faces presented along with Swedish utterances were not recognized better than faces presented along with English utterances. In Study 2, we used another language pair and presented faces along with utterances in Swedish and in Spanish to native Swedish speakers. Faces presented along with Swedish utterances were recognized better than faces presented along with Spanish utterances. Our results suggest that language functions as a marker of social categories and that, similarly to other markers of social categories, it can be modulated by various factors and is not unconditional.
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- Dragojevic, Marko, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes Toward Tbilisi- and Mingrelian-Accented Georgian Among Georgian Youth : On the Road to Linguistic Homogenization?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of language and social psychology. - Thousand Oaks : Sage Publications. - 0261-927X .- 1552-6526. ; 34:1, s. 90-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two matched-guise studies examined language attitudes among Georgian youth towards two varieties of spoken Georgian: Tbilisi-accented Georgian (standard variety) and Mingrelian-accented Georgian (nonstandard variety). Study 1, conducted in Tbilisi, found that listeners (N = 106) attributed more status and solidarity to the standard variety, regardless of self-reported regional identity (Tbiliseli, Mingrelian, Other). Study 2, conducted in Samegrelo, found that self-identified Mingrelians (N = 96) attributed more status and solidarity to the standard variety, regardless of language use at home. Together, these findings suggest that Mingrelians may be undergoing a generational shift in their language attitudes in favor of linguistic homogenization.
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| 5. |
- Dragojevic, Marko, et al.
(författare)
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Figuring Out Who's Who : The Role of Social Categorization in the Language Attitudes Process
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of language and social psychology. - 0261-927X .- 1552-6526. ; 37:1, s. 28-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the role of social categorization in the language attitudes process. Participants (N = 1,915) from three ethnolinguistic groups residing in the republic of Georgia—Georgians, Armenians, and Azerbaijanis—listened to a speaker reading a text in a Tbilisi-accented (standard variety) and a Mingrelian-accented (nonstandard variety) Georgian guise. We predicted that the three groups would vary in their ability to correctly categorize the two guises and that this intergroup variation in categorization accuracy would result in intergroup variation in language attitudes. These hypotheses were supported. Georgians were more accurate than Armenians and Azerbaijanis in their categorization of both guises. The Tbilisi-accented (Mingrelian-accented) guise was evaluated more (less) favorably when categorized correctly than when miscategorized. This resulted in intergroup variation in language attitudes: Overall, Georgians evaluated the Tbilisi-accented (Mingrelian-accented) guise more (less) favorably than Armenians and Azerbaijanis, due in part to Georgians’ higher categorization accuracy of both guises.
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- Gustafsson Sendén, Marie, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Selection Bias in Choice of Words: Evaluations of ”I” and ”We” Differ between Contexts, but ”They” are Always Worse
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Language and Social Psychology. - : Sage Publications. - 0261-927X .- 1552-6526. ; 33:1, s. 49-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In everyday life, people use language to communicate evaluative messages about social categories. We examine a selection bias in language across two social dimensions not previously integrated; a self-inclusive/self-exclusive dimension and an individual/collective dimension. We used pronouns as markers for social categories (I, We, He/she and They), and developed a new measure, the Evaluative Sentence Generating (ESG) task, to investigate the evaluative context selected for the pronouns. Results demonstrate that individuals select a more positive context for self-inclusive than self-exclusive pronouns, and a more positive contexts for individual than collective pronouns. However, in an interpersonal context, evaluative differences between I and We diminished, whereas in an intergroup condition the evaluative gap between self-inclusive and self-exclusive pronouns was magnified. The ESG-task shows how language is used to form evaluative differences between social categories even in the absence of explicit comparisons or descriptions of specified persons or groups, and that it constitutes a new, simple and effective tool for measuring such biases across a number of domains.
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- Renström, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Are Gender-Neutral Pronouns Really Neutral? Testing a Male Bias in the Grammatical Genderless Languages Turkish and Finnish
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Language and Social Psychology. - : Sage Publications. - 0261-927X .- 1552-6526. ; 42:4, s. 476-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Languages differ in how grammatically salient gender is. We explored if grammatically gender-neutral pronouns in Finnish and Turkish, two grammatically genderless languages, are gender neutral or male biased, thereby activating male, rather than female, exemplars. We also tested whether differences in national level gender equality influence the male bias. Results indicated a male bias in both languages, whereas national level gender equality had no influence. Implications for gender-fair language reforms in grammatically genderless languages are discussed.
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- Wiggins, Sally, Dr, 1975-
(författare)
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Construction and Action in Food Evaluation : Conversational Data
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of language and social psychology. - 0261-927X .- 1552-6526. ; 20:4, s. 445-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study engages both social psychological research on “attitudes” and discursive work on “evaluative practices.” Methodological constraints in both of these fields have resulted in a relative lack of attention to everyday interaction. By using conversational data, the current study extends discursive research and highlights the constructive and constructed nature of food evaluations. Family mealtimes were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using discursive and conversational analytic procedures. Direct evaluative expressions such as “like” and “nice” were examined in terms of their construction and placement in the talk. The rhetorical organization of these expressions highlighted the extent to which food evaluations are oriented to actions such as accounts, compliments, and offers of food. Examples of these activities are discussed in relation to the interactional construction of evaluations. Implications of the study for the fields of food preferences and health promotion are also addressed.
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| 9. |
- Klysing, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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The Use and Perception of Reclaimed Group Labels for Lesbian Women and Gay Men
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Ingår i: Journal of Language and Social Psychology. - 0261-927X. ; , s. 1-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research tests whether self-labelling with a derogatory or reclaimed label is perceived as an act of reclamation. A pilot study (N = 102) identified English terms used to label lesbian women and gay men. The main study (N = 276) used a between-groups vignette design in which participants read about a woman/man self-labelling with a descriptive (lesbian/gay), reclaimed (queer), or derogatory group (dyke/fag) label. We assessed perceptions of the speaker (control/influence, agency, and efficacy) and group power, label offensiveness, and the likelihood of using the label in the future. Descriptive labels were perceived as less offensive and more likely to be used compared to reclaimed and derogatory labels. For gay men, using a derogatory label compared to other labels decreased perceived agency, but did not influence control/influence and efficacy. For lesbian women, there were no differences in perceptions of power depending on the label used.
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| 10. |
- Rosenberg, Patricia, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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The A(ffective) B(ehavioral) C(ognitive) of Taboo Words in Natural Language: The Relationship Between Taboo Words’ Intensity and Frequency
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Language and Social Psychology. - 0261-927X. ; 36:3, s. 306-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the relationship between the affective component (A: the level of offensiveness/intensity) and the behavioral component (B: the frequency of usage) of taboo words that are part of an individual’s natural language (C: the cognitive component). In Study 1, 900 US-residents generated the 10 most common taboo words they use in their daily lives (C). In Study 2, 1000 US-residents were presented with the 30 most common taboo words (C) from Study 1 and asked to rate how offensive they perceived the words (A) and how often they used these words (B). This relationship was controlled for self-reported trait affectivity. We found a slight change in which taboo words people use in everyday life. The results suggest that the level of offensiveness of taboo words (A) predicts the usage of the words (B) that are part of a person’s natural language (C): the ABC-hypothesis of taboo words.
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