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- Ahlberg, Per E.
(författare)
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Life on Earth
- 1999
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Ingår i: Bioessays. - 0265-9247 .- 1521-1878. ; 21, s. 533-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Allen, John, et al.
(författare)
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Energy transduction anchors genes in organelles
- 2005
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Ingår i: BioEssays. - : Wiley. - 0265-9247. ; 27:4, s. 426-435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The work of mitochondria and chloroplasts is energy transduction in respiration and photosynthesis. The physico-chemical mechanisms of bioenergetics do not directly involve genes and heredity, and furthermore, redox chemistry is intrinsically mutagenic. Thus the small, functional genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts are an oddity. Although extensively sequenced and catalogued, cytoplasmic genomes are still not explained. Genomic lethargy is not the answer. Some genes linger from the bacterial ancestors of these organelles, true, but most have left, and new ones arrive. There is a mounting case for a massive and indiscriminate intracellular gene transfer between organelles and the cell nucleus, with the frequency of relocation being comparable to that of mutation. Nevertheless, a few organellar proteins, all working at the core of bioenergetics, always seem to keep the genes encoding them close at hand. Stability amid flux suggests the invisible hand of selection. Selection for what? There are clues, and the beginnings of experimental support, for the theory that expression of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes is regulated by the function of their gene products. For safe and efficient energy transduction, genes in organelles are in the right place at the right time. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 4. |
- Almén, Markus Sällman, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive radiation of Darwin's finches revisited using whole genome sequencing
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bioessays. - : Wiley. - 0265-9247 .- 1521-1878. ; 38:1, s. 14-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We recently used genome sequencing to study the evolutionary history of the Darwin's finches. A prominent feature of our data was that different polymorphic sites in the genome tended to indicate different genetic relationships among these closely related species. Such patterns are expected in recently diverged genomes as a result of incomplete lineage sorting. However, we uncovered conclusive evidence that these patterns have also been influenced by interspecies hybridisation, a process that has likely played an important role in the radiation of Darwin's finches. A major discovery was that segregation of two haplotypes at the ALX1 locus underlies variation in beak shape among the Darwin's finches, and that differences between the two haplotypes in a 240 kb region in blunt and pointed beaked birds involve both coding and regulatory changes. As we review herein, the evolution of such adaptive haplotypes comprising multiple causal changes appears to be an important mechanism contributing to the evolution of biodiversity.
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| 5. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Biological systems - "Symphonies of Life": Reviving Friedrich Cramer's general resonance theory
- 2023
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Ingår i: BioEssays. - 0265-9247 .- 1521-1878. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding biological systems in terms of scientific materialism has arguably reached a frontier, leaving fundamental questions about their complexity unanswered. In 1998, Friedrich Cramer proposed a general resonance theory as a way forward. His theory builds on the extension of the quantum physical duality of matter and wave to the macroscopic world. According to Cramer' theory, agents constituting biological systems oscillate, akin to musical soundwaves, at specific eigenfrequencies. Biological system dynamics can be described as "Symphonies of Life" emerging from the resonance (and dissonance) of eigenfrequencies within the interacting collective. His theory has potential for studying biological problems of increasing complexity in a fast-changing Anthropocene from a new and transdisciplinary angle. Despite data becoming increasingly available for analyses, Cramer's theory remains ignored and therefore untested a quarter century after its publication. This paper discusses how the theory can move to quantitative assessments and application. Cramer's general resonance theory deserves revival.Schematic of biological systems as "Symphonies of Life". Resonant and dissonant patterns are symbolized with color circle lines and shapes in gray tones, respectively. Each symbol represents an agent with specific eigenfrequencies in a biological system. Different colors symbolize distinct self-similar eigenfrequency patterns emerging from individual eigenfrequencies in the system.image
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| 6. |
- Asp, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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Spatially Resolved Transcriptomes : Next Generation Toolsfor Tissue Exploration
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bioessays. - : Wiley. - 0265-9247 .- 1521-1878. ; 42:10, s. 1900221-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent advances in spatially resolved transcriptomics have greatly expandedthe knowledge of complex multicellular biological systems. The field hasquickly expanded in recent years, and several new technologies have beendeveloped that all aim to combine gene expression data with spatialinformation. The vast array of methodologies displays fundamentaldierences in their approach to obtain this information, and thus,demonstrate method-specific advantages and shortcomings. While the field ismoving forward at a rapid pace, there are still multiple challenges presentedto be addressed, including sensitivity, labor extensiveness, tissue-typedependence, and limited capacity to obtain detailed single-cell information.No single method can currently address all these key parameters. In thisreview, available spatial transcriptomics methods are described and theirapplications as well as their strengths and weaknesses are discussed. Futuredevelopments are explored and where the field is heading to is deliberatedupon.
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| 7. |
- Axelson, Håkan
(författare)
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Eyeing tumorigenesis: Notch signaling and epigenetic silencing of Rb in Drosophila.
- 2006
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Ingår i: BioEssays. - : Wiley. - 0265-9247 .- 1521-1878. ; 28:7, s. 692-695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Notch signaling plays an essential role in the processes of embryogenesis and cellular differentiation, and it is believed that the oncogenic effects of dysregulated Notch signaling are an anomalous reflection of the normal functions of this cascade. Nonetheless, the cellular events associated with oncogenic Notch signaling have thus far remained elusive. In a recent report, Ferres-Marco et al.((1)) described how they used the Drosphila eye as a model system and found that elevated Notch signaling in combination with activation of components of the Polycomb complex of transcriptional repressors led to metastatic growth of tumors through epigenetic silencing of the Rbf gene. Rbf is the Drosophila homologue of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene (Rb), thus it represents a novel link between Notch signaling, tumor growth and metastasis.
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| 8. |
- Barker, Roger A, et al.
(författare)
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The history and status of dopamine cell therapies for Parkinson's disease
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Ingår i: BioEssays. - 0265-9247.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway which has led to the successful development of drug therapies that replace or stimulate this network pharmacologically. Although these drugs work well in the early stages of the disease, over time they produce side effects along with less consistent clinical benefits to the person with Parkinson's (PwP). As such there has been much interest in repairing this pathway using transplants of dopamine neurons. This work which began 50 years ago this September is still ongoing and has now moved to first in human trials using human pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons. The results of these trials are eagerly awaited although proof of principle data has already come from trials using human fetal midbrain dopamine cell transplants. This data has shown that developing dopamine cells when transplanted in the brain of a PwP can survive long term with clinical benefits lasting decades and with restoration of normal dopaminergic innervation in the grafted striatum. In this article, we discuss the history of this field and how this has now led us to the recent stem cell trials for PwP.
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