| 1. |
- Bergland, A, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the feasibility and intercorrelation of measurements on the functioning of residents living in Scandinavian nursing homes.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 28:2, s. 154-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of measurements of muscle strength, balance, cognitive function, mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity for use in a Scandinavian nursing home population and to examine intercorrelations between these measurements. Method The design was cross-sectional and 322 residents’ functions were evaluated by grip strength, the Timed Chair Stand Test, Berg’s Balance Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale, Swedish version of Mini-Mental State Examination, 10-m walking and wheelchair propulsion at self-selected and maximum speed, functional independence measure, physiotherapy clinical outcome variables, and the Nursing Home Life Space Diameter. Results The mean age of the group was 85 years. Sixty-four percent were able to walk with or without walking aids, and 59% were able to rise independently from chair once. The level of participation in the tests was 70% or more, except for the 10-m walking/wheeling test and the Timed Chair Stand Test. No floor or ceiling effect was discovered. The significant correlation coefficients between different measurements of muscle strength, balance, cognitive function, mobility, ADL, and physical activity range from 0.14 to 0.90. Conclusion The instruments seem to be feasible for residents in Scandinavian nursing homes, and the residents appear to be a heterogeneous group with respect to functioning, mostly at low level.
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| 2. |
- Björklund, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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On the Context of Elderly Persons' Occupational Performance
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 21:3, s. 49-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the context of elderly persons’ occupational performance in order to expose factors affecting their opportunities to age successfully. The study design is a descriptive pilot study and consists of interviews, based on a standardized questionnaire, with thirteen elderly people in their home settings. The results show that the informants’ occupational performance problems are mostly related to their occupational function and physical environment. The informants seem to be satisfied with their life as elderly individuals, but with adequate support, aiming to increase their occupational performance, their wellbeing may increase to benefit both themselves and the society in which they live.
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| 3. |
- Fredriksson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability, validity and refernce values for the Functional Balance Test for Geriatric patients (FBG)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 30:3, s. 177-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to establish the inter-rater reliability of the Functional Balance test for Geriatric patients (FBG) and concurrent validity between the FBG and the Berg balance scale, and to present reference values for the FBG. Patients (n = 22) aged between 66 and 87 years with varying diagnoses and elderly subjects without balance problems (n = 145) were assessed. The inter-rater reliability, calculated with intraclass correlation (ICC2.1) for FBG total was 0.99. Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) varied between 0.83 and 0.94 for the four items in the FBG. The correlation between the total scores for FBG and the Berg balance scale, calculated with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rs) had a correlation of 0.96. The reference value for FBG total was 24 for men and woman aged 65–69 years, 23 for men and woman aged 70–79 years, 22 for men 80 years and older, and 21 for woman 80 years or older.
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| 4. |
- Hellström, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Fall-related self-efficacy in instrumental activities of daily living is associated with falls in older community-living people
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 31:2, s. 128-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify fall risk factors in community-living people 75 years or older. Methods: From a random selection of 525 older adults, a total of 378 (72%) individuals participated in the study. Mean age was 81.7 years (range 75-101 years). A study-specific questionnaire including self-reported fall history for the past 6 months, the Falls-Efficacy Scale (Swedish version: FES(S)) and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ5D) was used. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to find risk factors for falls. Results: The strongest significant predictor of falls was scoring low on FES(S) in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), with an odds ratio of 7.89 (95% confidence interval 2.93-21.25). One fifth had experienced one or more falls during the past 6 months. Both fall-related self-efficacy and health-related quality of life were significantly lower among fallers. Conclusion: Our results imply that identifying community-living older adults with an increased risk of falling should include a measure of fall-related self-efficacy in IADL.
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| 5. |
- Jakobsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting Mortality With the ADL-Staircase in Frail Elderly
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - Philadelphia : Taylor & Francis. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 29:2, s. 136-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the ability of the ADL-staircase to predict mortality among older people receiving long-term formal health care and service.Method: This study comprises 626 respondents. Data were collected for 2 cohorts.Results: Crude mortality rate ranged between 9% and 23%. Higher scores on the ADL-staircase significantly increased the risk of mortality (RR = 1.253). For the total sample, Youden's index suggested a cutoff value of 6 for mortality on the ADL-staircase. A cutoff value of 4 was suggested for those living at home and 7 for those in special accommodation. Regression analysis, using these cutoff values, showed a significant association with mortality.Conclusion: Knowledge of how to use the ADL-staircase as a mortality predictor is limited. This study not only found a cutoff point for the total sample but also when grouped by type of housing. The findings may be useful when allocating care and service and when providing preventive interventions and palliative care. © 2011 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
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| 6. |
- Mcnulty, Tina C., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of activities of daily living ability of older adults who are homebound and nonhomebound
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 31:2, s. 89-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to compare the activities of daily living (ADL) ability of older adults who were chronically homebound to older adults who were nonhomebound. The participants were 40 older adults 60 years of age or older, 20 homebound and 20 nonhomebound. The two groups did not differ in mean age, gender distribution, ethnicity, marital status, living situation, or type of housing. The older adults who were homebound had significantly more conditions than those who were nonhomebound. T tests revealed statically significant differences in the mean Assessment of Motor and Process Skills ADL motor and ADL process ability measures of older adults in the homebound and nonhomebound groups, with the latter group demonstrating higher ADL ability measures. Based on a power analysis indicating a need for 10 persons in each group, the nonhomebound group was subsequently divided into two subgroups, those who needed assistance to perform ADL from paid staff and/or family members and those who performed ADL independently. The results of two analyses of variance revealed that participants who were chronically homebound and those who were nonhomebound and had assistance had significantly lower ADL motor ability and ADL process ability than those who were nonhomebound and independent. The homebound group and the nonhomebound group with assistance did not differ significantly in ADL motor or ADL ability.The findings support the need for occupational therapists to provide services for older adults who have ADL limitations regardless of their homebound status. © 2013 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.
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| 7. |
- Olsson Möller, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive Validity and Cut-Off Scores in Four Diagnostic Tests for Falls – A Study in Frail Older People at Home
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 30:3, s. 189-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- No study has investigated the predictive validity and cut-off scores in diagnostic tests for falls used in in-home assessment in frail older people. The objective was to investigate the predictive validity for falls in the Downton Fall Risk Index (DFRI), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Romberg test (RT) used in in-home assessment of frail older people (65+ years). Data on the diagnostic tests were collected at baseline N = 153) and fall frequency were collected at six- and twelve-month follow-ups. The optimal cut-offs were 3 p in DFRI and 12 s in TUG. However, the validity indexes were generally low and only 40–50% were correctly classified. The RT showed low sensitivity. To increase the predictive validity for falls in this context, the use of DFRI and/or TUG as a part of a comprehensive fall-risk assessment tool, should be investigated in future studies
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| 8. |
- Sommerfeld, Dis Kathryn, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in functioning between days 5 and 10 after stroke in elderly
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 29:2, s. 77-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives were to describe changes in consciousness, specific mental and perceptual functions, and mobility between days 5 and 10, in patients ≥65 years, still hospitalized after acute stroke, and to identify whether these changes correspond to a clinically meaningful improvement. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Mini-Mental State Examination, Line and Letter Cancellation Tests, Block Test, and Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) were used for assessment 5 and 10 days after stroke in 100 patients. To identify clinically meaningful improvements, an external criterion for self-care, the Barthel Index, was used. Only the GCS and the RMI could be assessed in all patients. Small or no improvements were seen in the tested functions between days 5 and 10 after stroke. Only the RMI showed a clinically meaningful improvement. The RMI was more sensitive to change compared with the other tests and could be recommended to identify improvements among these patients at this time point after stroke onset.
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| 9. |
- Thunborg, Charlotta, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Inter- and intra-rater reliability of a newly developed assessment scale : the Dyadic Interaction in Dementia Transfer Assessment Scale (DIDTAS)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 33:4, s. 279-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To study the inter- and intra-rater reliability of a newly developed assessment scale, the Dyadic Interaction in Dementia Transfer Assessment Scale (DIDTAS).Methods: Two physiotherapists completed the observational form of the DIDTAS while watching 20 video-films of sit-to-stand-transfers or bedside transfers (i.e., caregiver-assisted transfers), videotaped in a dementia special care unit. Two-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were used for calculating ICC values of each item.Results: The results supported the overall reliability of the DIDTAS items with variations in inter- and intra-rater reliability, with ICC values from 0.35 to 0.92.Conclusion: On the basis of the transfer-related actions of dementia care dyads, the DIDTAS was shown to be sufficiently reliable. This in turn can provide healthcare professionals seeing and treating individuals suffering from dementia with a new method for assessing actions related to person transfer situations in dementia care facilities.
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| 10. |
- Vik, Kjersti, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived environmental influence on participation among older adults after home-based rehabilitation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 25:4, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify how older adults perceive environmental factors to have an influence on their participation after receiving home-based rehabilitation services. The respondents were older adults of more than 65 years of age who had received home-based rehabilitation. The questionnaire Measurement of the Quality of the Environment (MQE) was used to gather the data. The results showed that, in this population of older adults, many environmental factors were perceived as do not apply or to lack influence. Factors that were perceived as facilitators for the respondent's participation came under the categories social network, social and healthcare services and commercial services, and physical environments such as the presence of technical aids within the respondents' homes. Few environmental factors were identified as barriers to participation
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