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- BORELL, L, et al.
(författare)
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THE ABILITY TO USE FAMILIAR OBJECTS AMONG PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE
- 1995
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Ingår i: OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL OF RESEARCH. - : SAGE Publications. - 0276-1599. ; 15:2, s. 111-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Twenty-four individuals with Alzheimer's disease were assessed for their ability to use common objects included in daily living activities (ADL) within a natural setting. The study provides statistical evidence to support the notion that patients who have lost the ability to use objects have the most complex cognitive loss. That is, the 11 individuals with impaired ability to use common objects such as a toothbrush or comb were most severely cognitively impaired. However, independent of degree of dementia, 23 of 24 patients were able to use a spoon or fork in feeding themselves. Implications for help and support of patients with Alzheimer's disease and an impaired ability to use objects are discussed.
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- Iwarsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a novel instrument for occupational therapy assessment of the physical environment in the home - A methodologic study on “The Enabler”.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Occupational Therapy Journal of Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0276-1599. ; 16:4, s. 227-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Occupational therapy assessment of the physical environment in the home in relation to the functional capacity of an individual is essential prior to environmental adaptations to reduce handicap. Standardized methods for research and clinical use are in great demand. To introduce and develop a new instrument for occupational therapy assessment, the novel ideogram “The Enabler” was translated into Swedish and revised. It was first tested in practice by occupational therapists in primary health care. After further revisions of “The Enabler” and pre-teaching of raters, each of 30 individuals in their home environments was assessed by two independent raters. Reliability was evaluated using the kappa statistic. After only a few lessons in advance, the raters were able to administer the assessment in practice in a reliable way, agreement between raters was very good to good, k̄ = 0.68–0.87. The Swedish revised version of “The Enabler” is a useful tool for occupational therapy home evaluation and research.
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- JOSEPHSSON, S, et al.
(författare)
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EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN DEMENTIA
- 1995
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Ingår i: OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL OF RESEARCH. - : SAGE Publications. - 0276-1599. ; 15:1, s. 36-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Model of Human Occupation was used as a conceptual model for an intervention program to support performance of activities of daily living in four patients with dementia at varying stages of development. The program focused on relatively well preserved functions in dementia (e.g., motor skills, procedural memory). Other important features included (a) the provision of environmental support, and (b) the consideration of subjects' habits and motivation. Intervention-related gains were evaluated using parts of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) instrument and an assessment of the amount of support required for task performance. The results showed some intervention-related gains in three of four patients. The gains were parallelled by a decrease in the amout of support required for task performance. The results support the notion that performance of everyday activities in dementia may be enhanced with proper intervention.
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- Nygard, L, et al.
(författare)
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A life-world of altering meaning: Expressions of the illness experience of dementia in everyday life over 3 years
- 1998
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Ingår i: OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL OF RESEARCH. - : SAGE Publications. - 0276-1599. ; 18:2, s. 109-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the illness experiences of two participants with dementia, as expressed in their everyday lives during 3 years of disease progression. Data were collected at intervals by participant observations and conversational interviews and analyzed via a phenomenological and interpretive method. The findings describe an illness experience characterized by an altering meaning of the concretely present life-world for the participants. This was exhibited by an increasingly existential meaning of the objects and tasks of everyday life, while the perception of the life-world as taken for granted seemed to gradually decrease. Furthermore, participants experienced being threatened by a lack of order and control and uniquely responded to these experiences. Living with the changes and the threat seemed to imply insecurity and doubtful hope, diminishing social contacts, and increasing dependency, but the meaning of the consequences differed between participants. On the basis of the presented structure of the phenomena, a possible way of understanding the illness experience and its meaning in progressively dementing diseases in the occupations of everyday life was exemplified and suggested from a phenomenological point of view.
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