| 1. |
- Bak, Maren, 1944
(författare)
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Townships in Transition: Women's Caring Keeps the Township Together
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 34:2, s. 255-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is based om a qualitative community study that explores the everyday life of black South African women living in a township on the outskirts of Cape Town. Through the life stories told by the women, their contribution to the townships social fabric becomes apparent. Based on these life stories, an analysis of transitions in the gendered division of labour and more specifically in the gendered division of care as well as transitions in family formation is presented and discussed. Finally the article argues that governmental efforts to improve life in the township through developmental social welfare must be embedded in a deeper understanding of gendered power and must promote caring masculinities if the township community is to keep together.
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| 2. |
- Byerley, Andrew, 1965
(författare)
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The Rise of the Compound-Hostel-Location Assemblage as Infrastructure of South African Colonial Power: The Case of Walvis Bay 1915-1960
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 41:3, s. 519-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 'infrastructural turn' in social science conceives of infrastructure as having a political life; it is deployed to confer and maintain political authority, but it is also generative of 'the political'. This article articulates this basic premise with the contention that space and circulation are integral to apparatuses of power, specifically in terms of orchestrating and stabilising what Foucault termed 'the right disposition of men and things, arranged so as to lead to a convenient end'.1 Based on archival study in Namibia and South Africa, the article examines the changing spatial disposition of African 'men and things' at Walvis Bay between 1915 and 1960, and how these articulated with the changing 'convenient ends' of African urban administration in Namibia. It demonstrates how problematisations in the activity of governing urban Africans during this period provoked the contested rise of key colonial urban political infrastructure - the compound-hostel-location assemblage. Research has shown how South Africa's Department of Native Affairs (DNA), particularly in its focus on urban housing, was central to the state's project of 'internal colonialism'.2 This article shows how, especially from 1954, the DNA's role extended to 'external colonialism', particularly so in Walvis Bay, a town castigated for its chaotic existence.
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| 3. |
- Giva, Nicia, et al.
(författare)
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'Parks with People' in Mozambique: Community Dynamic Responses to Human-Elephant Conflict at Limpopo National Park
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 43, s. 1199-1214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on experiences from a National Park inhabited by people in Mozambique, this article explores how the parks with people' approach has evolved within a complex context characterised by conflicts between wildlife conservation and farming-based livelihoods. It analyses how communities and the park management in Limpopo National Park have dealt with the dual conservation and livelihood needs shaped by climate adversities. The article also looks at the responses advanced by the people involved to ensure household food security. We investigate how the seasonal shifting between droughts and floods affects the intensity of wildlife conflicts and the communities' coping strategies. We contrast the communities' dynamic responses with the static, top-down management approach adopted by the park - often driven by donor priorities - and discuss opportunities for formulating means of adaptive co-management. Our results emphasise the value of contextual understanding when crafting strategies that are likely to reconcile conservation and livelihood goals. This requires a Mode 2' science approach that builds on a close collaboration with the affected communities and covers a time span of several seasons.
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| 4. |
- Green, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Traditional Landholding Certificates in Zambia : Preventing or Reinforcing Commodification and Inequality?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 44:4, s. 613-628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formalisation of customary land rights in Africa, as an alternative to their privatisation, is gaining increasing attention from scholars and policy makers. In this article, we use findings from Petauke district in eastern Zambia to discuss the impact of such reforms, where so-called traditional landholding certificates were implemented by the Petauke District Land Alliance in 2010. Based on interviews with farmers, chiefs and the Alliance, we argue that the certificates have reinforced, rather than reversed, both commodification of land and increased inequality of access to land. The main reason is that the certificates provide chiefs and lineage seniors with an efficient tool to further impose institutionally induced scarcity, thereby failing to provide already vulnerable groups with more secure rights to land.
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| 5. |
- Hajdu, Flora, et al.
(författare)
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Changing Livelihoods in Rural Eastern Cape, South Africa (2002-2016): Diminishing Employment and Expanding Social Protection
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 46, s. 743-772
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite long-standing patterns of agrarian change in South and Southern Africa, rural locales remain home to millions of people, characterised by widespread poverty and vulnerability. This is evident in South Africa's former 'homelands', the site where this study examined changes in rural livelihoods over a 14-year period. Detailed survey data (collected in 2002 and 2016) from two villages in the Pondoland region of Eastern Cape province, and augmented by in-depth fieldwork, are analysed to explore the drivers of contemporary livelihood change. Key livelihood activities are examined, namely paid employment, social grant receipt, horticulture and livestock production, marine-resource and firewood harvesting. So too are changes within, and between, these diverse livelihood activities over time. Both monetised (income-earning) activities, and 'unremunerated' or unmonetised activities (for example, subsistence agriculture or marine-resource harvesting) are measured, aggregated and compared, in order to consider the drivers, consequences and prospective future trajectories of livelihood change. Key findings for impoverished households in the villages are that waged work has decreased significantly, while expanding social welfare provision has prevented plunges into deeper poverty. Agriculture and marine-resource harvesting remain dynamic, albeit unevenly engaged in by villagers. Amid these larger patterns, local-level variations are evident, with discrepant employment and agricultural production patterns across villages. The role of the state is ambiguous, being both a restrictor and enabler of local livelihoods. As jobs and other livelihood opportunities diminish, the villagers express frustration with the state, but remain simultaneously heavily reliant on state fiscal transfers, through grants and public employment schemes. The findings speak not only to the dynamics of rural livelihoods in South Africa's former homelands; they also point to changes in rural dwellers' livelihoods, within contexts of agrarian change, rural dispossession, inequality and receding prospects for employment, increasingly evident across the global south.
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| 6. |
- Hannerz, Ulf
(författare)
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Sophiatown : The View from Afar
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Taylor & Francis, Ltd., Journal of Southern African Studies. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 20:2, s. 181-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sophiatown, the legendary South African township destroyed in the late 1950s, is considered in terms of the interrelations between long-distance, transnational cultural influences and local circumstances. The influence of foreign popular culture and fashion is sketched, and the flowering of music and writing in the 1950s is related to local institutions. Attention is also drawn to the successes of township culture in exile. The favourable reception of metropolitan high culture and popular culture is seen as resistance against the apartheid policy of cultural separation, and Sophiatown writers are seen as forerunners of the current interest in cultural hybridity and creolization.
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| 7. |
- Harris, Ashleigh, 1976-
(författare)
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‘The Diary of a Country in Crisis’ : Zimbabwean Censorship and Adaptive Cultural Forms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 47:5, s. 787-798
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zimbabwe has an extensive censorship infrastructure that operates both formally, through the board of censors, and informally, through intimidation by the police and other state and civil players. The use and misuse of censorship legislation in the country has made for a chaotic situation in which misinterpretations of the law have been widely used to justify police crackdowns, arrests and destruction of art, literature and other cultural forms. This article reads censorship as a multiple and sometimes inconsistent phenomenon that shapes the strategies of cultural producers in manifold ways in Zimbabwe. Different literary and cultural forms constitute varying degrees of threat to the state, the police or individuals, depending on the audiences they address. I wish to explore how literary and cultural forms adapt to very localised practices of censorship. Interpreting the shifting forms, genres and modalities that literature and culture take as part of their strategy to avoid censorship provides new understandings of how literature and culture records social change.
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| 8. |
- Hultman, Lisa, 1978-
(författare)
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The Power to Hurt in Civil War : The Strategic Aim of Renamo Violence
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 35:4, s. 821-834
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article develops a theoretical explanation for the seemingly indiscriminate violence used by Renamo during the civil war in Mozambique, a phenomenon which dominant theories on civil war violence cannot account for fully. The analysis builds on interviews with the Renamo leadership and Mozambican academics as well as secondary sources on the patterns of violence. It concludes that Renamo used mass violence to weaken the support for the government and create war fatigue. The main strategy was to cause enough damage to pressure the government into entering negotiations. The use of most violence against civilians in those areas where the population was believed to support the government, in combination with a clear objective to destabilise the government and a disciplined military organisation, support the argument that mass violence was employed to demonstrate ‘the power to hurt’.
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| 9. |
- Kamete, Amin Y., et al.
(författare)
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The Politics of 'Non-Planning' Interventions in African Cities : Unravelling the International and Local Dimensions in Harare and Maputo
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 36:4, s. 889-912
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban planning bases its interventionist strategies on the reasoning that change has to be rationally managed and that control is necessary in the 'public interest'. In Africa, for various bureaucratic and political reasons, urban planning has often been notoriously lax. In the face of uncontrolled urban development, many urban governments have abandoned comprehensive planning and increasingly resort to ad-hoc 'sanitising' measures of various kinds. This paper explores the forces and rationales that lie behind the intensified use of such 'non-planning' strategies. It draws on examples from Harare and Maputo, where urban authorities applied forceful measures to remove unplanned settlements and market places. In these cases the forces at work behind the scenes included the political strategies of elites seeking to maintain and strengthen political control over urban areas, rationalising and legitimising such unpopular interventions by appealing to ongoing efforts at 'city marketing' through international events, and referring to the imperative of upholding a modern city image. We discuss the tensions that arose from these decisions and the subsequent political processes among the intended 'victims', and between them and the authorities. In comparing and contrasting the cases of Harare and Maputo, we bring out the dilemmas of planning resorting to 'non-planning' and the complex politics triggered by such interventions.
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| 10. |
- Madhavan, Sangeetha, et al.
(författare)
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Kinship in Practice : Spatial Distribution of Children's Kin Networks
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Southern African Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-7070 .- 1465-3893. ; 40:2, s. 401-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The examination of co-residential household arrangements has been a mainstay in demographic analysis, based on the assumption that those with whom one lives are the most important influences in one's life. In contrast, we know far less about the spaces not shared but none the less crucially important in the lives of children. In this analysis, we bring together detailed ethnographic data on kin connectivity with geographical information system (GIS) data in a rural area of South Africa, in order to: 1) describe the spatial distribution of kin from a child's perspective, with special attention paid to the role of circular migrants who constitute a critical point of spatial dispersion; 2) examine how type of kinship (maternal vs paternal) and 3) socio-economic status intersect with spatial distribution. Our analysis uses a three-category typology of kin spatial arrangement that reflects employment constraints, patterns of union formation and norms of kin obligation. Specifically, we find that 1) the high-density rural node with extensive dispersion is associated with economic and union stability and access to maternal and paternal kin; whereas 2) the rural node with limited dispersion faces greater economic vulnerability and often operates in the absence of formal unions; and 3) the rural node with minimal dispersion offers the least amount of economic security and is almost always dominated by single mothers reliant on maternal kin.
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