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- Gustafsson, Björn, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Incomplete Catching Up: Income among Yi, Manchu and Han People in Rural China, 2002–2018
- 2023
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Ingår i: The China Quarterly. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0305-7410 .- 1468-2648. ; 253:253, s. 197-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores household income per capita for the rural Yi and Manchu ethnic minority groups and the Han majority using data from the China Household Income Project 2002, 2013 and 2018. The disparity between total per capita income for the Yi and Han populations narrowed, while the average per capita income for the Manchu population remained relatively similar to that of the Han population. Decomposing total income to its sources shows that the rapid increase in agricultural income among the Yi was a main reason why the disparity in income, compared to the two other ethnic groups, narrowed. Nevertheless, reliance on agricultural income among the Yi was reduced as wage employment and migration increased. The Manchu group and the Han group also experienced rapid increases in wages and self-employment income. The aggregated value of transfers from the public sector was similar for all three ethnic groups.
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- Gustafsson, Björn, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Why is There No Income Gap between the Hui Muslim Minority and the Han Majority in Rural Ningxia, China?
- 2014
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Ingår i: The China Quarterly. - 0305-7410 .- 1468-2648. ; 220:220, s. 968-987
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a household sample survey for 2006, this article shows that the Hui population in the rural part of Ningxia Autonomous Region in China is disadvantaged compared to the Han majority as regards length of education and household per capita wealth. Yet, there is no gap in average disposable incomes between the two ethnic groups and poverty rates are very similar. This paradox is owing to members of Hui households earning more off-farm income than members of Han households. In particular, young Hui males living in poor villages have a remarkably high likelihood of migrating, thereby bringing back income to their households.
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- Heimer, Maria, 1968-
(författare)
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State Capacity and Local Agent Control in China : CCP Cadre Management from a Township Perspective
- 2003
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Ingår i: The China Quarterly. - 0305-7410 .- 1468-2648. ; 173, s. 35-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study argues against the view that the capacity of the central state has declined in the reform era in China. It examines how reforms have been introduced into the old system of cadre management to make it more effective, but also how higher levels of the party-state have improved monitoring and strengthened political control through promoting successful township leaders to hold concurrent positions at higher levels and by rotating them between different administrative levels and geographical areas. Its findings suggest that state capacity, defined as the capacity to monitor and control lower level agents, has increased. The reason behind the failure to implement some policies, such as burden reduction, is not so much inadequate control over local leaders as the centre's own priorities and conflicting policies. The Chinese party-state maintains the ability to be selectively effective in the beginning of 2000s.
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- Ledberg, Sofia
(författare)
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Analysing Chinese Civil-Military Relations : A bottom-Up Approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: China Quarterly. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0305-7410 .- 1468-2648. ; 234, s. 377-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines Chinese civil-military relations using a bottom-up analytical approach and hitherto untapped sources, including interviews with military personnel in active service. It argues that traditional approaches to political control, which generally interpret the changing political-military relationship through military professionalism and institutional autonomy, miss out on important aspects and may generate erroneous conclusions. Here, focus is instead on the professional autonomy of the Chinese officer corps. Through an empirical study of the organization of military work at two of China’s top military education institutes, the article illustrates how professional autonomy and direct political control varies, both between hierarchical levels and issue areas. This highlights the multidimensionality of both control and professional manoeuvrability and underlines the fruitfulness of including an intra-organizational perspective in order to reach better informed conclusions about political control and civil-military relations in today’s China.
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