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- Christodoulou, C., et al.
(författare)
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Seasonality of violent suicides in the Athens greater area
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Suicide and Life-threatening Behaviour. - : Wiley. - 0363-0234 .- 1943-278X. ; 39:3, s. 321-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to ascertain suicide seasonality in the Greek population and to associate this seasonal variation with age, sex, and suicide method. Studying seasonality can be of help in establishing a public health policy, related with suicide prevention. This is an epidemiologic study based on forensic evidence. We studied the deaths caused by self-injury (trauma), namely deaths by violent suicide (not self-poisoning). Statistically significant suicide seasonality was established with a peak in May. This seasonal variation is attributed mainly to males. As for the method, suicide by hanging peaks in June and by shooting in April. It was also observed that seasonality for individuals above the age of 45 peaks in early May.
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- Clapham, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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Suicide Ideation and Behavior as Risk Factors for Subsequent Suicide in Schizophrenia : A Nested Case-Control Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Suicide and Life-threatening Behaviour. - : WILEY. - 0363-0234 .- 1943-278X. ; 49:4, s. 996-1005
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate suicide ideation and behavior as risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia during varying time periods. Method Cases were 84 patients who died by suicide within 5 years from diagnosis in a source population of patients discharged for the first time from psychiatric hospitals in Stockholm County, Sweden, with a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis. One control was individually matched with each suicide case. Data were retrieved from clinical records in a blind fashion. Thoughts of death, thoughts of suicide, suicide plan, and suicide attempt during varying time periods were investigated as risk factors for subsequent completed suicide. Results In adjusted analyses, thoughts of suicide, suicide plan, and suicide attempt were significantly associated with subsequent completed suicide in the following year. The highest suicide risk was found within a year following suicide attempt (adjusted OR 9.9, 95% confidence interval 2.5-39.0). The association between suicide ideation and behavior and subsequent suicide declined over time. Conclusions Several types of suicide ideation and behavior were associated with suicide, and the association was stronger for suicidal behavior. The clinical significance of suicidal communication appears highest during the following month or/and year. Many suicides occurred without recorded short-term suicidal communication.
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- Di Simplicio, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Imaginator : A Proof-of-Concept Feasibility Trial of a Brief Imagery-Based Psychological Intervention for Young People Who Self-Harm
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Suicide and Life-threatening Behaviour. - : Wiley. - 0363-0234 .- 1943-278X. ; 50:3, s. 724-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The Imaginator study tested the feasibility of a short mental imagery‐based psychological intervention for young people who self‐harm and used a stepped‐wedge design to investigate effects on self‐harm frequency reduction at 3 and 6 months.Method: A total of 38 participants aged 16–25 were recruited via community self‐referral and mental health services. Participants were randomized to immediate delivery of Functional Imagery Training (FIT) or usual care followed by delayed delivery after 3 months. FIT comprised two face‐to‐face sessions, five phone sessions, and use of a smartphone app. Outcomes’ assessment was blind to allocation.Results: Three quarters of those who began treatment completed face‐to‐face sessions, and 57% completed five or more sessions in total. Self‐harm frequency data were obtained on 76% of the sample at 3 months (primary outcome) and 63% at 6 months. FIT produced moderate reductions in self‐harm frequency at 3 months after immediate (d = 0.65) and delayed delivery (d = 0.75). The Immediate FIT group maintained improvements from 3 to 6 months (d = 0.05). Participants receiving usual care also reduced self‐harm (d = 0.47).Conclusions: A brief mental imagery‐based psychological intervention targeting self‐harm in young people is feasible and may comprise a novel transdiagnostic treatment for self‐harm.
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- Edwards, Alexis C., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic differences between suicide deaths and deaths of undetermined intent
- 2023
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Ingår i: Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior. - : Wiley. - 0363-0234 .- 1943-278X. ; 53:1, s. 100-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Few, if any, prior studies have considered whether undetermined intent (UDI) deaths and suicide deaths differ with respect to genetic liability for suicidal behavior or psychopathology. Methods: The authors used Swedish national registry data to identify suicide deaths (N = 31,835) and UDI deaths (N = 10,623); sociodemographic covariates; and registrations for psychopathology. Family genetic risk scores (FGRS) were derived for each form of psychopathology. The authors used LASSO models to assess genetic and phenotypic differences across outcomes. Results: In the multivariate LASSO regressions, higher FGRS for major depression, bipolar disorder, and suicide death were associated with lower odds of UDI relative to unambiguous suicide (OR = 0.91–0.95), while those for alcohol and drug use disorders, ADHD, and criminal behavior were associated with higher odds of UDI relative to unambiguous suicide (OR = 1.04–1.12). When the corresponding phenotypic registration status for these outcomes was included in a subsequent model, the associations were attenuated and of small magnitude, but many remained different from OR = 1. Conclusions: Aggregate genetic differences between unambiguous suicide decedents and UDI deaths are small, particularly when accounting for psychiatric comorbidity, but in some cases, statistically significant. These findings suggest that different analytic treatment of UDI deaths may be warranted depending on the research question. Replication in other samples, and using molecular genetic data, is necessary.
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- Ghazinour, Mehdi, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Age and gender differences in the use of various poisoning methods for deliberate self-harm in individuals admitted to Loghman Hospital in Tehran (2000-2004)
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Suicide and Life-threatening Behaviour. - : Wiley. - 0363-0234 .- 1943-278X. ; 39:2, s. 231-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different methods of poisoning used by individuals with the diagnosis of parasuicide admitted to the Loghman Hospital, Tehran, from 2000 to 2004 were investigated, with particular focus on gender and age differences. Drugs, pesticides, and other agricultural chemicals (women: 12.7%, men: 9%) were the most commonly used methods. In males, the percentage of use of drugs increased with age, but the frequency of pesticides use decreased with age. In females, drugs were most often used in the youngest age group, whereas the use of pesticides was lowest in the youngest age category. Females outnumbered males, especially in the youngest age group of 10 to 19 years olds. Drugs and pesticides were the substances used most often for parasuicide in each age group regardless of gender.
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- Hogstedt, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological Symptoms in Late Adolescence and Long-Term Risk of Suicide and Suicide Attempt
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Suicide and Life-threatening Behaviour. - : Wiley. - 0363-0234 .- 1943-278X. ; 48:3, s. 315-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mental disorders in the general population are associated with increased risk of suicidality, but less is known about the independent predictive ability of self-reported psychological symptoms. We followed 49,321 screened and interviewed Swedish conscripts through 36-year follow-up to test whether psychological symptoms predicted suicide and hospitalization for suicide attempts. There were 619 suicides and 1,230 suicide attempts during the follow-up period. After excluding subjects with any psychiatric diagnoses (n=5,691, 12%) and controlling for other psychological symptoms, severe symptoms of anger, trouble falling asleep, and feeling down predicted suicide. Similarly anger, headaches, feeling down, and nervousness predicted suicide attempt. Self-reported psychological symptoms may have a predictive value beyond psychiatric diagnosis.
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