| 1. |
- Abedini, M., et al.
(författare)
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Customer credit scoring using a hybrid data mining approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 45:10, s. 1576-1588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: A crucial decision in financial services is how to classify credit or loan applicants into good and bad applicants. The purpose of this paper is to propose a four-stage hybrid data mining approach to support the decision-making process. Design/methodology/approach: The approach is inspired by the bagging ensemble learning method and proposes a new voting method, namely two-level majority voting in the last stage. First some training subsets are generated. Then some different base classifiers are tuned and afterward some ensemble methods are applied to strengthen tuned classifiers. Finally, two-level majority voting schemes help the approach to achieve more accuracy. Findings: A comparison of results shows the proposed model outperforms powerful single classifiers such as multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine, logistic regression (LR). In addition, it is more accurate than ensemble learning methods such as bagging-LR or rotation forest (RF)-MLP. The model outperforms single classifiers in terms of type I and II errors; it is close to some ensemble approaches such as bagging-LR and RF-MLP but fails to outperform them in terms of type I and II errors. Moreover, majority voting in the final stage provides more reliable results. Practical implications: The study concludes the approach would be beneficial for banks, credit card companies and other credit provider organisations. Originality/value: A novel four stages hybrid approach inspired by bagging ensemble method proposed. Moreover the two-level majority voting in two different schemes in the last stage provides more accuracy. An integrated evaluation criterion for classification errors provides an enhanced insight for error comparisons.
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| 2. |
- Bai, Guohua, et al.
(författare)
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A sociocybernetic approach to information systems development
- 1999
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : Emerald. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 28:6-7, s. 792-809
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A principal problem of information systems (IS) development today is how to integrate the work activity and social context of users into the IS which is being designed. This paper aims to delineate a sociocybernetic approach which enlightens the relationship between IS design activity, use activity, and the embedded social context. First and second order cybernetics are employed as a general skeleton or structure for conducting the sociocybernetic approach. Approaches from social autopoiesis theory and activity theory are introduced respectively, to provide the skeleton of cybernetics with flesh and blood elements of real problems. An emerging conceptual body resulting from an organic integration of the cybernetic structure and social-psychological elements which demonstrates the relationship between IS design activity, use activity, and embedded social context is presented.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ghobakhloo, Morteza, et al.
(författare)
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Lean-green manufacturing : the enabling role of information technology resource
- 2018
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 47:9, s. 1752-1777
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing knowledge about the relationships between information technology (IT), lean manufacturing (LM), organizational environmental issues and business performance.Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to collect data from 122 elite manufacturers, and the hypothesized relationships were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Findings – IT competence in LM acts as a lower-order organizational capability, and its business value should be recognized through the intermediate roles of LM effectiveness and environmental management capability. Findings recommend that the net benefits of LM are mainly materialized through waste and pollution reduction and simplified implementation of proactive environmental practices.Research limitations/implications – Among other limitations, relying on a rather small sample size and cross-sectional data of this research, and lack of generalizability of findings, tends to have certain limitations. An interesting direction for future research would be to extend this research by assessing interaction of other types of IT resources with LM and organizational environmental issues.Practical implications – Both LM and proactive environmental management are information-intensive. Investment in both technological and human aspects of IT resource aimed at increasing the effectiveness of LM activities and proactive environmental practices is imperative for contemporary manufacturers.Originality/value – This study introduces the IT capability of IT competence in LM and two organizational capabilities of LM effectiveness and environmental management capability. By doing so, the study highlights the significant role of organizational environmental issues in devising firms’ IT and advanced manufacturing technology investment strategies in LM context.
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| 5. |
- Granebring, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Service-oriented architecture is a driver for daily decision support
- 2007
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : Emerald. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 36:5-6, s. 622-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - This paper aims to explain why service-oriented business intelligence (SOBI) happened, the new development and how to make a strategy to introduce daily decision support in the retail trade. Design/methodology/ approach - The diffusion of business intelligence (BI) tools is operationalized on Rogers' innovation theory. Findings - The article answered the question: How to draft a BI strategy for all parts of the retail enterprise? By excellent data warehouse quality; choosing an area for common decision support; starting simply, with metrics (sale, gross margin, number of customers) to get users started and then continue the iterative process of practicing more comparing and personalized BI. Practical implications - Retailers meet a changeable world around where business decisions must be taken daily. In the retail industry, the customer's current demands control the supply of commodities, inventories and crew. Retailers have enterprise applications designed for their business processes, but also daily want to measure the performance. It is a question of from existing enterprise applications and databases design new decision processes and business flows that currently request BI data to be presented directly to operative responsible staff. Originality/value - Explains why there are attempts to combine the two broad architectural paradigms BI and service orientation. Service-oriented architecture, BI, on line analytical processing, extract, transform and load, SOBI are discussed in detail.
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| 6. |
- Grubbström, Robert W.
(författare)
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Some aspects on modelling as a base for scientific recommendations
- 2001
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : Emerald. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 30:9-10, s. 1126-1138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Argues that the Hempel-Oppenheimian logical scheme for explanations and predictions also applies to prescriptive statements (recommendations) derived from theoretical models in the normative sciences. Presents ideas concerning the allocation of effort in developing normative models for such purposes. Three characteristics of the model and the model-building process, together with a suggested qualitative relationship between these properties, are discussed, namely the "applicability" of the model, the "simplicity" of the principle derived from the model, and the "level of technique " applied, a discussion similar to that of Bronfenbrenner. It is proposed that the subjective value to the model-builder may be envisaged as a function of these three main characteristics and that the model-design process then may be interpreted as a constrained optimisation problem.
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| 7. |
- Hosseinzadeh, Mahnaz, et al.
(författare)
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Complexity management of corruption in Irans oil industry applying soft system dynamics methodology (SSDM)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 50:8, s. 2397-2427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Oil is the natural resource recognized as the most important source of revenue in oil-dependent countries and is most often referred to as being susceptible to corruption owing to its strategic importance. A major challenge in addressing and encountering the problems in complex social systems, such as corruption, is how to structure the problematic situation and how to capture mental models of the stakeholders involved in the situation, and also how to identify the systems behavior in response to various policy intervention attempts in the long run. This study aims to shed new lights on modeling and simulating corrupt system of the oil industry, as a complex social system needed to be structured according to social system theories principles. Design/methodology/approach Parsons theory is applied as a basic framework to capture the complexities of a corrupt system, dividing the system into political and structural, economic, legal and judicial and cultural and social sub-systems. Then soft system dynamics methodology, which is a combination of the two well-known methodologies, soft system methodology and system dynamics, is applied to model and simulate the complexities involved in the oil industry of Iran, which owns the second-largest oil reservoir in the world and its economy is much dependent on the oil revenue, struggles with corruption, and plans for a large amount of anti-corruption activities. Findings After simulating and calibrating the model, three groups of policies, namely, "reducing corruption opportunities," "reducing corruption demand," and "increasing anti-corruption capacity" are implemented in the model. As to the simulation results, due to the mutual inter-causality of opportunity and demand for corruption, individual application of each group of policies will not be helpful for long, rather a combination of policies will conduce to substantial improvements in declining corruption in the oil industry. Originality/value The developed model addresses the dynamics of the complex socio-economic system of corruption in the system of oil industry via modeling and simulation. The developed four-dimension system dynamics framework could be considered as a guidance for corruption modeling in general and as a basic model for corruption modeling of oil-dependent countries systems in particular.
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| 8. |
- Khrennikov, Andrei, 1958-
(författare)
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Social Fröhlich condensation : preserving societal order through sufficiently intensive information pumping
- 2022
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 51:13, s. 138-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This paper aims to present the basic assumptions for creation of social Frohlich condensate and attract attention of other researchers (both from physics and socio-political science) to the problem of modeling of stability and order preservation in highly energetic society coupled with social energy bath of high temperature. Design/methodology/approach The model of social Frohlich condensation and its analysis are based on the mathematical formalism of quantum thermodynamics and field theory (applied outside of physics). Findings The presented quantum-like model provides the consistent operational model of such complex socio-political phenomenon as Frohlich condensation. Research limitations/implications The model of social Frohlich condensation is heavily based on theory of open quantum systems. Its consistent elaboration needs additional efforts. Practical implications Evidence of such phenomenon as social Frohlich condensation is demonstrated by stability of modern informationally open societies. Social implications Approaching the state of Frohlich condensation is the powerful source of social stability. Understanding its informational structure and origin may help to stabilize the modern society. Originality/value Application of the quantum-like model of Frohlich condensation in social and political sciences is really the novel and original approach to mathematical modeling of social stability in society exposed to powerful information radiation from mass-media and Internet-based sources.
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| 9. |
- Khrennikov, Andrei, 1958-
(författare)
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Social laser model : from color revolutions to Brexit and election of Donald Trump
- 2018
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 47:2, s. 273-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - This paper aims to present the basic assumptions for creation of social lasers and attract attention of other researchers (both from physics and socio-political science) to the problem of modeling of Stimulated Amplification of Social Actions (SASA). Design/methodology/approach - The model of SASA and its analysis are based on the mathematical formalism of quantum thermodynamics and field theory (applied outside of physics). Findings - The presented quantum-like model provides the consistent operational model of such complex socio-political phenomenon as SASA. Research limitations/implications - The model of SASA is heavily based on the use of the notion of social energy. This notion has not yet been formalized. Practical implications - Evidence of SASA ("functioning of social lasers") is rapidly accumulating, from color revolutions to such democratically structured protest actions as Brexit and the recent election of Donald Trump as the President of the USA. The corresponding socio-political studies are characterized by diversity of opinions and conclusions. The presented social laser model can be used to clarify these complex sociopolitical events and even predict their possibility. Social implications - SASA is the powerful source of social instability. Understanding its informational structure and origin may help to stabilize the modern society. Originality/value - Application of the quantum-like model of laser technology in social and political sciences is really a novel and promising approach.
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| 10. |
- Kjellman, Arne
(författare)
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The crisis of contemporary science
- 2006
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Ingår i: Kybernetes. - : Emerald. - 0368-492X .- 1758-7883. ; 35:3-4, s. 497-521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - To present a new approach to scientific thinking (paradigm) that avoids the shortcomings and inconsistencies of the prevailing Newtonian approach. Design/methodology/approach - The signs of a science in crisis are reviewed and some of its shortcomings are compiled and connected to some misleading fundamental assumptions of the reigning paradigm of science. Calls attention to a current fundamental misunderstanding of the human capacity of observation - especially the negligence of the conceptual feedback loops of the human mind that make up the core of human learning capacity. Findings - When using a subject-oriented approach (SOA) to science, which takes off from the individual knowing the subject (methodological solipsism), it is possible to consistently construct a knower's science where all today's misleading assumptions can be successfully removed. This effort results in an abstract constructivist epistemology, where the reversed cause-effect chain severely upsets the classically trained mind - especially in natural science. Research limitations/implications - There is a great deal of work left to examine the soundness of these ideas and pave the way for such a profound re-orientation of traditional science that as a first step will be concerned with elucidating and explicating a wide range of problems and concerns in set and decision theory, logic, and mathematics. This is essentially to launch a research programme in these areas that as a next step includes all natural and social sciences that will appear in a new light when viewed from a first person, SOA. Practical implications - There is no other way for science to evade the prevailing crisis but to involve, in its very Kuhnian sense, a radical change of paradigm. In this view, the realist confusion, which is responsible for the genesis of Cartesian dualism and a row of other inconsistencies met with intoday's science, will slowly vanish, as will the embarrassing gulf between the natural and social sciences as well as humanism. This new "world-view" that seems radical to the scientist will appear natural to the everyday man - but its impact on human culture will be monumental. Originality/value - The SOA to science is based on a reversed cause-effect thinking that will have a heavy influence on the way people think about the world and is accordingly a concern of all human beings as well as each researcher - of whatever of discipline.
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