| 1. |
- Horne, Merle, et al.
(författare)
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Cue words and the topic structure of spoken discourse: The case of Swedish men 'but'
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166. ; 33:7, s. 1061-1081
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish cue word men ‘but’ can mark the boundary between both different topic units as well as topic-internal units in spontaneous speech. The goal of this study is to see if these two functions of men can be distinguished on the basis of their local prosodic correlates and co-occurring lexical items. Men-tokens in spontaneous narrations were labelled as to their function, first using text-only data. The ‘strong’ tokens (categorized identically by all labellers) were subsequently seen to be clearly differentiated into two classes on the basis of related prosodic parameters and co-occurring lexical items. This distinction was, however, not found for the corresponding ‘weak’ tokens which were subsequently relabelled using both text and speech nor for the data-base as a whole. A test using a neural network trained using strong tokens was seen to be able to correctly categorize 90% of the strong men-tokens as to their associated boundary-type (topic-shift vs. topic-internal). The results show that cue words along with their prosodic correlates and co-occurring lexical items constitute a constellation of important information for understanding how segmentation of spoken discourse is produced and understood.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Wiberg, Eva
(författare)
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Interactional Context in L2 Dialogues.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166. ; 35:3, s. 389-407
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, second language acquisition research has focused on the performance of advanced and pre-advanced L2 learners (non-native speakers; henceforth NNSs), the former having received less attention. The present study draws on dialogues about future plans and route directions between advanced NNSs and a single native speaker (EVA). It is hypothesized that a NNS needs more time to construct utterances because her/his level of fluency has not reached the level of automatization that a native speaker (henceforth NS) possesses. A NNS, therefore, takes advantage of the interlocutor's turn to acquire the necessary tools to continue the dialogue and to gain time, using interactional strategies such as repetition, co-construction, metalinguistic asides and trailing-offs. Furthermore, the route-direction frame is more rigid than the future plan frame, due to the more complex macro-context. Thus, the more difficult the communicative task, the more likely it is that the NNS will use interactional strategies as scaffolding devices. Comparisons with NS–NS dialogues confirm this hypothesis.
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| 4. |
- Aronsson, Karin, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Family politics in children's play directives
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 31:1, s. 25-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study focuses on children's role play directives as displays of gender stereotypes and power hierarchies in family life. Studies on politeness have primarily focused on directives at the mitigation end of a politeness continuum. The present study has particularly addressed the aggravation end of the continuum and, as predicted, family role play was rich in aggravations. A specific type of escalation, called threat-tell sequences, showed how the children successively moved from a metapragmatic level to a pragmatic level, and at times ultimately to a level of embodied action. Focusing in depth on children's embodied role play directives in face-to-face interaction, this study shows how politeness models need to be expanded in order to account for aggravated moves and paradoxical communication.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Cromdal, Jakob, 1969-
(författare)
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Can I be with? : Negotiating play entry in a bilingual school
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 33:4, s. 515-543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines children's procedures for entering play activities in a bilingual school context. While most previous research has focused on individual `access strategies' and their outcomes for peer group participation, the present study argues for a dialogic approach, particularly stressing the collaborative work involved in such interactions. In-depth analyses of entry episodes highlight a number of interactive resources, some of them closely related to the bilingual setting. These resources are discussed in terms of their local anchoring in the discourse structure, as well as in terms of participants' orientations to their functions. On this view, bilingualism is cast as a socially distributed phenomenon, managed in the local organization of play entry negotiations.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Korolija, Natascha
(författare)
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Coherence-inducing strategies in conversations amongst the aged
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 32:4, s. 425-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the accomplishment of coherence in multiparty conversations amongst the aged. Coherence is defined as a multilayered organisation which is relevant for the joint making of meaning in interaction (Korolija, 1998a: 112), and observable at the structurally intermediate level of episodes. Every episode reflects how participants locally and globally structure their situated interactions. Analyses of coherence are carried out at episode boundaries, across, and within episodes. The conversations, involving four participants aged 80+ and one staff member, are recorded at a Senior Citizen Centre (SCC) in Sweden. The aim of the SCC is to provide care and social support for the aged. The focus in the study is restricted to coherence-inducing devices which are typical for the SCC conversations in comparison with devices identified in multiparty conversations belonging to other activity types (see Korolija, 1998b; Korolija and Linell, 1996; Linell and Korolija, 1995). Quantitative and qualitative analyses of episodes indicate that coherence in the SCC conversations is constructed mainly through repetitive or recurrent discourse strategies such as the re-use of topicality and routinized responses. The strategies cement the interactions in a way which may occasionally impede topical progression. At the same time, the repeatedly constructed coherence patterns in the SCC conversations contribute to coherence in the present lives and worlds of the aged. More thorough connections between age and coherence-making remain to be investigated.
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| 9. |
- Linell, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Moving in and out of framings : Activity contexts in talks with young unemployed people within a training project
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 35:3, s. 409-434
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is concerned with talk activities in and through which parties simulate another talk activity. Data are drawn from a social and vocational training project for young unemployed people involving talk activities of multiple ambiguous kinds. In particular, we analyze simulated job interviews in which the young people are supposed to learn how to behave in real job interviews, but the parties seem to orient to several other goals simultaneously. Participants do not sustain a unified definition of what is going on and activities involve complexities and hybridities on several planes. This allows us to probe issues having to do with concepts like context, frame, activity type, and genre. In terms of theory, we challenge some approaches to context as developed within Conversation Analysis. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Severinson Eklundh, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging discourse structure : computer-assisted episode analysis as a window to global revision in university students' writing
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Pragmatics. - 0378-2166 .- 1879-1387. ; 35:6, s. 869-891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article studies global aspects of text production by following 10 student writers' steps in revising their texts. The method used is based on the analysis of connected episodes of revisions in recorded writing sessions. The sessions were represented in S-notation, which is a computer-generated notation for revisions created from a keystroke record. Using S-notation to identify revision episodes, a classification was made of the types of global revisions encountered in four of the students' writing sessions. The results suggest that the nature of the writing task has a major influence on the writer's strategy and that the computer medium also plays an important role as a facilitator. To a great extent, the discourse structure of texts evolved gradually through writing and revising, apparently as a result of problem-solving activity. The study has confirmed that computer-assisted episode analysis provides a promising approach to the study of text production, which opens a window to the writers' development of discourse structure.
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