| 1. |
- Andersson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Governing the future: : science, policy and public participation in the construction of the long term in the Netherlands and Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: History and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0734-1512 .- 1477-2620. ; 30:1-2, s. 104-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a historical study of two institutions devoted to the problem of the future - the Dutch WRR (the Scientific Council for Government) and the Swedish Secretariat for Futures Studies - both created in 1972. While there is a growing interest in the social sciences for prediction, future imaginaries and the governance of risk, few studies have examined historically the integration of the category of the ’future’ or the ’long term’ in political systems in the postwar years, a period in which this category took on specific meaning and importance. We suggest that governing the long-term posed fundamental problems to particular societal models of expertise, decision-making and public participation. We argue that the scientific and political claim to govern the future was fundamentally contested, and that social struggle around the role and content of predictive expertise determined how the long term was incorporated into different systems of knowledge production and policy-making.
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- Björck, Henrik, 1961
(författare)
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A distinguished scientific field? Pursuing resources and building institutions for engineering research in Sweden, 1890-1945
- 2016
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Ingår i: History and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0734-1512 .- 1477-2620. ; 32:4, s. 315-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The perennial issue of the relations between science and technology and society is a backdrop to this study of material, symbolic and economic foundations of engineering science in Sweden. It analyzes three cases of institutional reform from the first half of the twentieth century that were essential to the formation of engineering research as a distinct and respected scientific field. Taking the intersection of institutional and linguistic analysis as a starting point, two intertwined processes are followed: the drawing of boundaries by different actors that delineated the new kind of research, and the struggle over resources for the institutions that could enable this research. The institutional reforms are placed in context, relating arguments by the proponents of engineering research to the politicians and university academics who were in control of various resources. It is suggested that an institutionalist perspective enunciated in terms of form and content is a productive interpretive possibility.
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| 8. |
- Bruno, Karl
(författare)
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Use and users of artificial insemination in Swedish dairy cattle breeding, 1935–1955
- 2022
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Ingår i: History & Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0734-1512 .- 1477-2620. ; 38:4, s. 317-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From the middle of the twentieth century, the new technologies and techniques of artificial insemination (a.i.) transformed dairy cattle husbandry and breeding across dairy-producing countries. While there are nuanced and multi-faceted studies of early a.i., previous work has not engaged much with its material usage, meaning that we know little about how different techniques, practices, and animal reactions promoted or restricted a.i’.s use for particular purposes. Here, I address this aspect by studying early a.i. in Swedish cattle breeding as a concrete set of technical artefacts used by humans and animals, thus reframing a.i’.s early history as a problem of use and users. I focus specifically on the artificial vagina, the predominant instrument used to gather bull semen, and show how the modes of use and non-use of the artificial vagina not only helped shape a.i. itself but also veterinary expertise, the institutions of breeding, and parts of the Swedish agrarian economy.
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- Fridlund, Mats, 1965
(författare)
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Buckets, Bollards and Bombs: Towards Subject Histories of Technologies and Terrors
- 2011
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Ingår i: History and Technology: An International Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0734-1512. ; 27:4, s. 389-414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article provides a theoretical and empirical contribution to the political history of technology by articulating a new conceptual perspective on the power of technological things and through outlining a history of modern urban technological terror and terrorism. It introduces a user-centered perspective on technological politics in the form of ‘subject histories of technology’ which, contrasting with prevalent ‘object histories of technology’ on technological inventions and innovators, emphasize the self-fashioning power of technological artifacts. Through an overview history of technology of ‘terrormindedness’ covering the three subsequent waves of urban terror arising from aerial bombardment, nuclear weapons and substate terrorism it shows how technologies have been used by individual citizens to cope with the experience of man-made fear and insecurity. In conclusion it argues that the political history of technology should to the focus on community politics and system politics of big institutional technologies add an attention to the personal politics of the emotional and material power of small technical things.
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- Heinze, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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The reinvention of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 1992–2012
- 2018
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Ingår i: History and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0734-1512 .- 1477-2620. ; 33:3, s. 300-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the most recent history of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, with particular emphasis on how this laboratory shifted its research program from accelerator-based particle physics towards astroparticle physics, cosmology and multi-disciplinary photon science. Photon science became the central experimental research program through a series of changes in the organisational, scientific, and infrastructural set-up and in its science policy context. The article shows that SLAC’s reinvention unfolded in a science policy context in which funding priorities drifted towards the materials sciences and the life sciences at the expense of nuclear and particle physics, which had dominated science budgets during the Cold War. SLAC took a lead position in this global development by partly dismantling and also redeploying scientific and technical capabilities from its particle physics program for these new fields, thus, providing novel experimental facilities for user communities to expand across academia and industry.
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