| 1. |
- Autio, Hanna, et al.
(author)
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Auralization as a tool of historic reconstruction of Vadstena Abbey church
- 2019
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In: InterNoise 19, Madrid, Spain. - 0736-2935. - 9788487985317 ; , s. 3970-3981
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Throughout human history, there have been locations used for performance of speech and music. Many of these locations are considered part of our common cultural heritage, and more and more of them can be visited virtually as technology advances to produce better and better reconstructions. However, the technological capabilities are not the only limitations when it comes to historical reconstruction, and one of the most important research questions is often to determine the actual historical configuration of a space. This is the case for a project regarding Vadstena Abbey church in Sweden. As a step in producing the virtual reconstruction, a number of different configurations for one of the major performance locations will be examined using acoustic simulations and auralizations. As the acoustic properties of a space affects the performances within it, there should be a correspondence between the musical and oral traditions of this location in particular and its acoustics. Historical records of the performance traditions within the space, as well as records of the acoustic experiences of visitors, will be used as an evaluation tool to distinguish between the models.
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| 2. |
- Arvidsson, Emma, et al.
(author)
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Diffusers in public ordinary rooms
- 2019
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In: InterNoise 19, Madrid, Spain. - 9788487985317 ; , s. 5453-5461
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Traditionally, the room acoustic properties in an ordinary public room are defined by only one parameter, the reverberation time. However, research has showed that additional room acoustic parameters as sound strength and speech clarity are necessary to consider in order to achieve good acoustic conditions. In a room with acoustical ceiling treatment the effects of furniture and interiors on the room acoustic parameters are significant. In addition, by using diffusers with directional properties it is possible to individually control the room acoustic parameters. Room acoustical measurements have been carried out in a reverberation chamber with suspended absorbing ceiling and directional diffusing objects. The effect of different diffuser configurations has been examined regarding reverberation time, speech clarity and sound strength. The evaluation shows that the orientation and the amount of the diffusing elements have a significant influence on the room acoustic parameters and can be used to fine-tune the acoustical conditions in public ordinary rooms with an existing acoustic ceiling treatment. This paper presents a study showing how diffusers can be used to contribute to an improved sound environment in public ordinary rooms with an acoustic ceiling.
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| 3. |
- Bader Eddin, Mohamad, et al.
(author)
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A sound insulation prediction model for floor structures in wooden buildings using neural networks approach
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of INTER-NOISE 2021 - 2021 International Congress and Exposition of Noise Control Engineering. - 0736-2935. - 9781732598652
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Reliable prediction tools are yet to be developed for estimating the accurate acoustic performance of lightweight structures, which are vital especially in the design process. This paper presents a sound insulation prediction model based on artificial Neural Networks (NN) to estimate acoustic performance for airborne and impact sound insulation of floor structures. At an initial stage, the prediction model was developed and tested for a small amount of data, specifically 67 laboratory measurement curves in one third octave bands. The results indicate that the model can predict the weighted airborne reduction index Rw for various floors with a maximum error of 1 dB. The accuracy decreases with errors up to 9 dB for the weighted index for impact sound Ln,w, in cases of complex floor configurations due to large error deviations in high frequency bands between the real and estimated values. The model also shows a very good accuracy in predicting the airborne and impact sound insulation curves in the low frequencies, which are of higher interest usually in building acoustics.
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| 4. |
- Flodén, Ola, et al.
(author)
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Robust prediction metrics for structure-borne noise in timber buildings
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of INTER-NOISE 2021 - 2021 International Congress and Exposition of Noise Control Engineering. - 0736-2935. - 9781732598652
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- An investigation of velocity-based vibration metrics for predicting structure-borne noise in timber buildings is presented in the paper. The purpose of the study is to derive a robust metric based solely on the vibration response and with a known correlation to the acoustic response in a room. Such a measure is useful for establishing simplified numerical prediction models and for making robust concept assessments. A set of 100 models, based on an example case of a massive-timber building, was generated as a statistical basis for evaluating the degree of correlation between noise and vibration metrics for sound transmission between storeys. The noise metric was calculated by spatial averaging of the sound pressure in the receiver room, while the vibration metric was calculated by spatial averaging of the normal-to-surface-direction velocity in the receiver room. The degree of correlation for linear regression between the noise and vibration metrics was evaluated for various frequency bands. Generally, a high degree of correlation was observed.
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| 5. |
- Forssén, Jens, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Road traffic noise disease burden estimates for a model study of varying urban morphology cases
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of INTER-NOISE 2021 - 2021 International Congress and Exposition of Noise Control Engineering. - : Institute of Noise Control Engineering (INCE).
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a model study containing 31 different building morphologies in an urban setting, road traffic noise exposure has been calculated and analysed. For five of the building morphologies also vegetation surfaces on facades and roofs were studied. The facade exposure levels were analysed for both smaller (single-sided) flats and larger (floor-through) flats, considering the direct exposure from the roads as well as the non-direct exposure at noise-shielded positions like inner yards, applying a noise mapping software in combination with a prediction model for the non-direct exposure. Using noise indicators Lden and Lnight, the disease burden, in terms of DALY (Disability-Adjusted Life Years) per person, was estimated and analysed, via predictions of annoyance and sleep disturbance. As general trends, perimeter blocks were shown to perform better than morphologies with less enclosed yards and densification was shown to result in improved performance, assuming a constant traffic flow. In addition, complementing the perimeter blocks with towers was shown to enable improvement. Furthermore, traffic concentration by locating all local traffic to a single road was shown to be beneficial, increasingly so by widening the road. The use of facade vegetation was shown to result in significant overall improvement.
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| 6. |
- Genell, Anders, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Methods for calculating LAFmax using the Nordic prediction method, Nord 2000 and Cnossos-EU
- 2019
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In: INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID - 48th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering. - : SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ACUSTICA - Spanish Acoustical Society, SEA. - 9788487985317
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Sweden the use of maximum a-weighted sound level (LAFmax), in combination with equivalent a-weighted sound level over 24h (LAeq24h), has been used for noise regulation for many years. The regulation was turned into legislation in 2015 for new housing development plans. The maximum level gives a good indication of sleep disturbance for residents in exposed dwellings, especially if combined with number of loud passages or events. In areas with little traffic the equivalent level can be very low, whereas the maximum level just depends on an individual vehicle rather than on the number of vehicles. The Swedish legislation defines maximum noise level as "the loudest vehicle, with time weighting'Fast', calculated as a free field value". When calculating noise levels from road or rail traffic, there is no knowledge of individual vehicle properties. In the prediction methods used in Sweden, the calculation of maximum level is therefore based on statistical data such as the standard deviation of measured sound levels for each vehicle type at a certain speed. In the current paper some different methods to calculate maximum noise levels are presented, using Nordic methods as well as the common Cnossos-EU method, as well as their impact on results. © INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID - 48th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering. All Rights Reserved.
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| 7. |
- Lafont, Thibault, et al.
(author)
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Modeling tyre/road noise in FE simulations for pass-by noise predictions
- 2018
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In: INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceeding. - 0736-2935. ; 257, s. 298-309
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fulfilling the current pass-by noise regulation is a challenge for the OEMs and their suppliers. And it's not going to improve over time. Any possible ways to reduce the exterior noise can happen to be beneficial. In this context, simulations are natural alternatives to costly and long measurement campaigns to quantify the benefits of acoustic treatments. Nevertheless, modelling procedures to tackle this type of issues are far from being well-established, even though the literature is rich with studies describing the complex processes involved in the tyre/road contact. Very often, when it comes to full-vehicle modelling, tyre sources are replaced by simple sources as monopoles, thus introducing a physical simplification. This paper is concerned with the tyre noise modelling in FE simulation in the perspective to assess the pass-by noise of a car. For that, the sound radiated by validated velocity maps from a tyre/road noise simulation model at different speeds and for different loads is compared with the noise radiated by monopoles in the close vicinity of the tyres. The aim is to define the limitation related to the use of the monopoles in order to correctly capture the relevant physics in the simulation.
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| 8. |
- Lopez Arteaga, Ines
(author)
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Rolling noise in road and rail transportation systems
- 2019
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In: INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID - 48th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering. - : SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ACUSTICA - Spanish Acoustical Society, SEA. - 9788487985317
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Long term exposure to ground transportation (road and rail traffic) noise is, after air pollution, the main environment-related health stressor in densely populated areas and compromises the quality of life and, indirectly, the life expectations of millions of people. The main source of ground transportation noise at speeds up to 130 km/h in road traffic and up to 300 km/h in rail traffic is rolling noise; noise generated due to the interaction between tyre and road (respectively wheel and rail). Although at first sight noise generation in these two transportation systems might seem unrelated, exploring the common aspects provides valuable insight in current practices for the modeling, prediction and abatement of rolling noise. In this paper the sound and vibration generation mechanisms due to tyre/road and wheel/rail interaction are discussed, focusing on the similarities and differences between the sound and vibration generation mechanisms in these two systems. This perspective is further extended to the discussion of modelling strategies and source characterization methods, with a particular emphasis on the influence of surface roughness on contact force generation. Finally, rolling noise source separation methods are touched upon, since they are a necesary tool to assess the impact of noise and vibration mitigation measures in both road and rail traffic systems.
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| 9. |
- Pendrill, Leslie, et al.
(author)
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A survey of noise disturbance in Swedish farms of large wind turbines
- 2019
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In: INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID - 48th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering. - : SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ACUSTICA - Spanish Acoustical Society, SEA. - 9788487985317
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2015, a project was initiated to investigate what factors were dominating the perception of wind turbine noise in the vicinities of seven wind farms in Sweden with relatively large wind turbines. The project included, besides two listening tests, a survey of perceptual and socioeconomic factors. In a questionnaire to habitants in the vicinity of the investigated wind farms, questions were asked regarding their housing situation, living conditions, the bedroom's orientation towards wind turbines, noise disturbance, visual impact from wind turbines, economic incentive models, ownership structures, general attitudes about wind power, and more. The purpose was to provide a holistic basis for a future synthesis model for disturbance, and this project focused on the correlation between noise disturbance and visual impact from wind turbines, ownership structures and financial compensation models from the wind farm. The questionnaire was analysed with psychometric methods, including logistic regression and multivariate techniques as principal component regression. The results of the psychometric analyses showed a large spread in sensitivity to disturbances (both visual and acoustic) from wind power plants, but the most difficult elements could be identified for various factors in the questions, including e.g. audial and health factors, and the quality of financial compensation.
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| 10. |
- Sandberg, Ulf, 1946-
(author)
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Time-integrated noise reduction of low noise pavements : Giving fair credit to the most efficient pavements in the long term
- 2019
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In: INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID. - : Spanish Acoustical Society, SEA. - 9788487985317
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The efficiency in reducing road traffic noise of a pavement is often expressed as “noise reduction” when the pavement is in new condition. Far too often, the longevity of the noise reduction is neglected. But what the noise exposed residents along the road perceive is the noise during its life-cycle. Especially porous asphalt pavements change its properties substantially with time. Moreover, the speed of this change depends on the construction. For example, single-layer porous pavements mostly get clogged earlier than double-layer porous pavements, given a certain air voids and maximum aggregate size; something which is due to the much greater air voids volume under the surface for the double-layer version. When evaluating overall performance over the life-cycle, therefore, it is important to consider the noise reduction year by year over the lifetime. The author argues that fair descriptors of the acoustic efficiency of low noise pavements are the “Time-integrated noise reduction (TINR)” and the “Time-averaged noise reduction (TANR)”. In the paper, some examples from measurements as well as hypothetical examples are presented. Using this descriptor, it is shown that single-layer porous pavements often come out far less efficient than double-layer pavements; and the latter often offer better cost-benefit ratios. It is also suggested how one should average noise properties of different wheel tracks, lanes, and directions of highways and motorways.
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