| 1. |
- Andersson, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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The impossibility of the triple helix
- 2020
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Pluto Journals. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 36:3, s. 235-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A dynamic model that distinguishes between slow and fast processes shows that a triple helix model is impossible as a tool for promoting interdependencies among science, industry and government. We present a theorem to demonstrate that a triple helix strategy is logically impossible as a means of funding scientific research in universities. In spite of this logical impossibility, national and regional triple helix strategies to improve productivity and innovative capacity have been favoured by politicians of almost every ideological stripe. Coordination of science and industry by governments is not new; it harks back to the mercantilism of seventeenth-century Britain and France. In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, triple helix policies have led to a short-term bias in favour of applied technological research. Several examples, ranging from the military use of scientists in World War II to Chinese high technology parks show how triple helix strategies tilt playing fields, suppress academic freedom0 and expose scientists to the whims of politicians.
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| 2. |
- Dalitz, R., et al.
(författare)
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How do innovation systems interact? Schumpeterian innovation in seven Australian sectors
- 2012
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - Melbourne, VIC : Pluto Journals. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 30:3, s. 261-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses how and why different types of innovation systems interact through analysing seven Australian sectors. We find that there are sets of mechanisms or systems that 'articulate'; i.e. structure and shape the interaction among sectoral innovation systems and other types of innovation systems. Drawing on the Schumpeterian and evolutionary legacy, we contribute a theoretical explanation of how interaction among innovation systems influences innovation. First, this interaction enables and enhances variety creation by expanding the new combinations of knowledge and resources a firm can achieve. Second, it allows for more efficient and effective scaling up of useful knowledge recombination to achieve increasing returns. Empirically, this is supported in that the more successful sectors have active articulation systems with alignment with other systems, while weaker sectors have unplanned and patchy linkages. No simple model seems to explain successful articulation. However, important factors are active receptor firms with the motivation and capabilities to absorb and use resources from external systems, high quality and responsive education systems, and international linkages. Public research, labour markets, and intermediaries varied in importance.
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| 3. |
- Durst, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge management in practice : Insights into a medium-sized enterprise's exposure to knowledge loss
- 2011
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 29:1, s. 23-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of our paper is to examine how a medium-sized enterprise characterised by slow executive turnover might identify and manage its critical knowledge. The main interest is in the management's handling of the potential danger of knowledge loss due to turnover or long-term absence. A qualitative research approach is adopted through semi-structured interviews with seven members of top and middle management of a German medium-sized enterprise operating in the printing sector. Our findings contribute to the literature on knowledge management in SMEs and provide fresh insights into the management of knowledge attrition. A knowledge map of the firm is derived and used to demonstrate how smaller firms can identify key organisation members and their relevance to the firm's business model. This may provide a better overview of potential areas of knowledge attrition. The information provided by the knowledge map can raise awareness of the perils of knowledge loss and suggest initiatives that not only help firms defend competitiveness and save financially but also sustain their intangible resources. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.
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| 4. |
- Etzkowitz, H., et al.
(författare)
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Citizen-driven innovation : stem cell scientists, patient advocates and financial innovators in the making of the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine (CIRM)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 32:4, s. 369-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our attention in this paper is to the relationship between society and science in science-based innovation processes. We propose that citizens’ and scientists’ actions are interlaced and that civil society provides a platform on which novel approaches to innovation may be formed. The empirical focus is set on stem cells and regenerative medicine in California, and the emergence of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM). In an effort to advance the area, a coalition of actors went beyond conventional roles and ventured into a broader realm of ‘innovation in innovation’, creating a new financial and organizational model. This has played out in a number of interesting and fruitful ways, and implications can be drawn for innovation policy and practice.
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| 5. |
- Hallonsten, Olof
(författare)
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The third sector of R&D : literature review, basic analysis, and research agenda
- 2017
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Pluto Journals. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 35:1, s. 21-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The third sector of national innovation systems comprises non-academic, publicly owned R&D organizations that complement universities and private-sector firms and are normally called ‘research institutes’. Scholarly attention to these organizations has been scarce, partly a consequence of the theoretical imbalance in favor of conceptualizations of innovation processes as requiring mainly universities, private-sector firms, and governmental authorities to occur and succeed. Similarly, while this third sector often makes up a significant share of national innovation systems, it receives less attention in national research and innovation policy than do, say, universities. This paper argues that the role(s) and function(s) of third sector research institutes deserve to be mapped and analyzed in greater detail in order to understand how various organizational actors interact to produce innovation. From a comprehensive literature review and basic analysis of three institute groups in three Nordic countries, the paper makes a first preliminary analysis of the topic. While this analysis yields some interesting conclusions, its main function is to point the way for future studies. In these, other actors in the system should be investigated in thorough empirical studies, armed with tools from classic sociological systems theory that enhance the conceptual strength of the innovation systems framework and enable the acknowledgement of the role(s) and function(s) of several important organizational actors, not least research institutes.
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| 6. |
- Hellström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving impact: impact evaluations and narrative simplification
- 2017
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Pluto Journals. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 35:3, s. 215-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is concerned with how impact from research and innovation (R&I) programmes is accounted for in impact evaluation reports. Establishing causal links between a research funding instrument and different effects, poses well known methodological difficulties. In the light of such challenges, textual accounts about causal links ought to be carefully written. Nevertheless, impact evaluation reports have a tendency towards unwarranted simplification as far as impact inferences are concerned. In this study, we illustrate how such simplifications – versions of the narrative device ellipsis – are accomplished. Using examples from three Swedish impact evaluation reports, we focus on the constituent components of longer impact accounts, that of the impact argument, to analyze the various ways that impact is narratively achieved through simplification. We believe this analysis can contribute to the methodology of impact evaluation, as well as spread light on some the difficulties in the historiography of innovation in general.
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| 7. |
- Lauri, Johanna, 1976-
(författare)
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The discourse of social innovation and gender equality
- 2021
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Pluto Journals. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 37:1, s. 27-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Swedish government discourse, social entrepreneurship and social innovation have come to be articulated as the solutions to a wide array of societal challenges and social problems. Within this discourse of social innovation, gender equality is articulated as a key determinant in conquering all societal challenges defined in the UN's Agenda 2030. The aim of this paper is to analyse the Swedish government's discourse on social innovation, and how it intertwines with gender equality in select government texts and media material. The analysis starts from the assertion that the dominant discourse on social innovation and social entrepreneurs is part of generating the possibilities and limits of social change. Earlier research on social innovation discourse has shown a strong bias towards private market solutions, and that social innovation has become an essential trait in the neoliberal reforming of the state. Because of their particular influence, governments' public endorsement of social entrepreneurs and social innovation in their work is one of the factors shaping the understanding of what social change and gender equality are and how they can be achieved. The analysis shows that the government discourse of social innovation produces an understanding of businesses as having a strong desire and capacity for social change and an altruistic agency. From a discursive point of view, this could be read as if the public sector is lacking such qualities and thus the responsibility for social change is placed in the hands of private corporations. Social change and gender equality are hence made intelligible within an economic logic, equating social change with doing business and gender equality with making profit. Gender equality is thus articulated through the discourse of social innovation, as a means to an end.
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| 8. |
- Lindberg, Malin, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Idealistic incentives in non-governmental organization innovativeness : bridging theoretical gaps
- 2017
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 35:2, s. 97-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper bridges the theoretical gap between traditional innovation studies and more recent studies of innovation among civil society actors and contexts. The paper presents a study of the nature and function of idealistic incentives in innovativeness of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) based on case studies of two national NGOs in Sweden, the Sensus Study Association and the Church of Sweden. The results show that the idealistic incentives of a basic view of human beings focusing on dignity and solidarity in the studied cases are closely related to various forms of NGO innovativeness, including the identification of challenges and needs, the aspired change at individual, organizational and societal levels, the involvement of concerned groups, and in cross-organizational and cross-sectoral cooperation. This contributes new knowledge not only of what NGO innovation entails and how it is brought about, but also of why such processes are initiated and thus why individual, organizational and societal transformation is essential in such processes. As part of this, the probable impact of beliefs, norms, ideologies and identities on all innovation processes, regardless of sectoral context, is highlighted
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| 9. |
- Perez Vico, Eugenia, et al.
(författare)
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Enacting knowledge exchange : a context dependent and ‘role-based’ typology for capturing utility from university research
- 2015
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - : Pluto Journals. - 1470-1030 .- 0810-9028. ; 33:1, s. 3-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the key research and policy problems in innovation studies is the development of tools for understanding and measuring the impact of academic research on society. The paper contributes to resolving this problem by providing a typology that helps us to understand and analyse the roles researchers take on in order to make academic knowledge useful. A key finding is that utility creation is context dependent and varies between individual researchers and research groups. Attempts to measure impact ought therefore to allow for diversity with regard to the individual researcher or research group in the context of knowledge creation.
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| 10. |
- Sánchez Preciado, Deycy Janeth, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Transferring intermediate technologies to rural enterprises in developing economies : a conceptual framework
- 2017
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Ingår i: Prometheus. - Melbourne, VIC : Routledge. - 0810-9028 .- 1470-1030. ; 34:2, s. 153-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper integrates the contributions from different branches of the technology transfer literature to identify enablers driving the transfer of intermediate or appropriate technologies to recipients in rural areas of developing economies. An in-depth analysis of the literature shows that many enablers identified in the literature focus on high technology transfers and are of limited relevance in the context of rural enterprises. Other important enablers in this specific setting are ignored or insufficiently considered. This paper proposes a framework comprising a specific set of enablers that facilitates technology transfer in rural enterprises in developing regional economies. © 2017 Deycy Janeth Sánchez Preciado, Björn Claes and Nicholas Theodorakopoulos.
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