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- Kraft, T., et al.
(författare)
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Estimating genetic variation in sugar beets and wild beets using pools of individuals
- 1997
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Ingår i: Genome. - 0831-2796 .- 1480-3321. ; 40:4, s. 527-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study describes the genetic structure in sugar beets and in wild beets (Beta vulgaris) using 30 RFLP markers. Samples consisting of pooled plant material of 100 individuals from each line and population were used to analyse 120 sugar beet breeding lines and 91 wild beet populations. Greater variation was found among the wild populations than among the breeding lines. Although the two major groups of breeding lines, monogerm and multigerm, had approximately equal amounts of genetic variation, in the monogerm group more of this variation was partitioned among the lines than within the lines. Furthermore, despite most of the variation being shared by the two groups, the two groups were found to be separated along the first two components in a principal component analysis. Computer simulations were carried out to evaluate the usefulness of the pooled-sample strategy employed in the investigation. These simulations showed the use of pooled samples to be a better alternative than that of analysing a few plants individually.
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- Kronhamn, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic organization of the ci-M-pan region on chromosome IV in Drosophila melanogaster.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Genome. - 0831-2796 .- 1480-3321. ; 42:6, s. 1144-1149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genes cubitus interruptus (ci), ribosomal protein S3A (RpS3A), and pangolin (pan) are localized within 73 kb in the cytological region 101F-102A on chromosome IV in Drosophila melanogaster. A region of 13 kb harbours the regulatory regions of both ci and pan, transcribed in opposite directions, and a 1.1-kb gene encoding RpS3A. This dense clustering gives rise to very complicated complementation patterns between different alleles in these loci. We investigated this region genetically and molecularly by use of an enhancer trap line (IA5), where the P-element was found to be inserted into the first intron of pan. Screens for imprecise excisions of the P-element were performed, and complementations between new and old established mutant lines were investigated. We found that when mutated or deleted the RpS3A gene gives rise to a Minute phenotype, and we conclude that M(4)101 encodes the ribosomal protein S3A.
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- Nilsson, Jan
(författare)
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Sex chromosome polymorphisms in Arctic charr and their evolutionary origins
- 2011
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Ingår i: Genome. - 0831-2796 .- 1480-3321. ; 54, s. 852-861
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current data on the Y-specific sex-determining region of salmonid fishes from genera Salvelinus, Salmo, and Oncorhynchus indicate variable polymorphisms in the homologous chromosomal locations of the sex-specific determining region. In the majority of the Atlantic lineage Arctic chaff, including populations from the Fraser River, in Labrador Canada, as well as Swedish and Norwegian strains, the sex-determining locus maps to linkage group AC-4. Previously, sex-linked polymorphisms (i.e., variation in the associated sex-linked markers on AC-4) have been described in Arctic charr. Here, we report further evidence for intraspecific sex linkage group polymorphisms in Arctic charr (i.e., the detection of the SEX locus on either the AC-1 or AC-21 linkage group) and a possible conservation of a sex linkage arrangement in Icelandic Arctic charr and Atlantic salmon, involving sex-linked markers on the AC-1/21 homeologs and the European AS-1/6 homeologous linkage groups in Atlantic salmon. The evolutionary origins for the multiple sex-determining regions within the salmonid family are discussed. We also relate the variable sex-determining regions in salmonids to their ancestral proto-teleost karyotypic origins and compare these findings with what has been observed in other teleost species in general.
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- Nilsson, N. O., et al.
(författare)
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Comparing the distribution of RAPD and RFLP markers in a high density linkage map of sugar beet
- 1997
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Ingår i: Genome. - 0831-2796 .- 1480-3321. ; 40:5, s. 644-651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of RAPD markers was compared with that of RFLP markers in a high density linkage map of sugar beet. The same mapping population of 161 F2 individuals was used to generate all the marker data. The total map comprises 160 RAPD and 248 RFLP markers covering 508 cM. Both the RAPD and the RFLP markers show a high degree of clustering over the nine linkage groups. The pattern is compatible with a strong distal localization of recombination in the sugar beet. It leads generally to one major cluster of markers in the centre of each linkage group. In regions of high marker density, dominant RAPD markers present in either linkage phase and codominant RFLP markers are subclustered relative to each other. This phenomenon is shown to be attributable to: (i) effects of the mapping procedure when dominant and codominant data are combined, (ii) effects of the mapping procedure when dominant data in both linkage phases are combined, and (iii) genuine differences in the way RAPD and RFLP markers are recruited.
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- Pelger, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Hordein variation in the genus Hordeum as recognized by monoclonal antibodies.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Genome. - : Canadian Science Publishing. - 0831-2796 .- 1480-3321. ; 35:2, s. 200-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: The composition of the major storage protein, hordein, in wild barley species has been studied by using gel electrophoresis, Coomassie staining, and immunoblot assays. We have shown earlier that it is possible to obtain cross-reaction outside the cultivated barley, with monoclonal antibodies raised against hordeins from the barley cultivar Bomi. These antibodies have now been used to investigate the hordein composition in all species of the Hordeum genus. The results showed that polypeptides similar to the two major hordein groups of cultivated barley, the B- and C-hordeins, are produced in all wild Hordeum species, and that there are both similarities and differences between the two hordein groups. The similarities indicate a common evolutionary origin, while the distinction between B- and C-hordeins in the entire genus clearly shows that the divergence of their coding genes preceded the divergence of the Hordeum species. The presence of the same antigenic site in two different species indicates that they are evolutionarily related. Among the wild species, two rarely occurring sites were exclusively found in H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum and H. bulbosum, which confirms that they are the cultivated barley's closest relatives. Some of the antibodies also gave an extensive reaction pattern with H. murinum, which suggests a fairly close relationship to H vulgare, though not as close as between H. vulgare and H. bulbosum.
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- Pelger, Susanne
(författare)
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Prolamin variation in the tribe Triticeae as recognized by monoclonal antibodies.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Genome. - : Canadian Science Publishing. - 0831-2796 .- 1480-3321. ; 36:6, s. 1042-1048
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The isopropanol-soluble seed storage proteins, prolamins, were studied in 18 different genera of the tribe Triticeae by gel electrophoresis, Coomassie staining, and immunoblot assays. The monoclonal antibodies were originally raised against cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) hordein, and their reactions had been tested earlier on wild Hordeum species. The study showed that all the investigated Triticeae species produce prolamins and that structural similarities can be found throughout the tribe. The presence of the same antigenic sites in all the species indicates that the polypeptides contain well-conserved regions. They also indicate that the prolamins of the Triticeae species have a common evolutionary origin. In all the investigated species an antigenic site that is common to the B- and C-hordeins of barley was detected. Some of the reacting polypeptides also contained a site that is only present in the B-hordeins. The B-hordein specific site was found in all genera except Agropyron, Hordelymus, and Secale. This shows that although there are similarities between individual polypeptides, the composition of the various prolamin groups may vary between different genera. In the polyploid Elymus species different banding patterns were observed depending on what basic genomes were represented. The results suggest a direct correlation between the presence of a fast migrating polypeptide containing the B-hordein specific site and the presence of the H genome.
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