| 1. |
- Alibegovic, A., et al.
(författare)
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The effect of alpha 2 receptor agonists on central haemodynamic and blood glucose during hemorrhagic stress in the rat
- 1998
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Ingår i: Surgical Research Communications. - : Harwood Academic. - 0882-9233. ; 9:2-4, s. 151-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of the selective alpha 2 agonist Mivazerol on catecholamine levels in plasma, and on central hemodynamics and blood glucose levels developments during hemorrhagic stress in rats was investigated. The animals were randomly given either saline, low dose of Mivazerol (0.6 μg/ml) or high dose (2.0 μg/ml) at a rate of 30 μl/100 g/min, beginning the infusions intravenously 30 min before onset and throughout 60 min of hemorrhagic stress. Before hemorrhage, Mivazerol raised mean arterial pressure, and reduced heart rate, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels in a dose dependent fashion. High dose infusion also resulted in an elevation in blood glucose. During hemorrhage, the high dose effectively dampened the catecholamine response. Simultaneously, the same group maintained better mean arterial pressure in response to hemorrhage. Blood glucose levels were elevated to similar levels regardless of treatment. These data indicate that Mivazerol effectively reduced the catecholamine response to severe hemorrhagic stress, while central hemodynamic and blood glucose responses were maintained or improved.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Arnbjornsson, E.
(författare)
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Etiological factors in acute appendicitis, an experimental study using the human appendix transplant
- 1987
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Ingår i: Surgical Research Communications. - 0882-9233. ; 1:4, s. 289-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an experimental model using the human appendix transplanted into the Rowett rat, the role of obstruction in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis was studied. Nine animals were anaesthetized and underwent laparotomy. Normal human appendices, removed during routine surgery, were transplanted into the rats. The appendices were obstructed by a balloon catheter introduced through the open end. Pressure inside the obstructed appendices was measured with a balloon at the tip of the catheter. The anaesthesia was continued and pressures were registered regularly up to six hours afterwards. The animals were then sacrificed. At autopsy the appendix was studied and evidence of obstruction, distention and inflammatory changes, both gross and microscopic, was registered.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ljungqvist, Olle, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Modulating the insulin response to hemorrhage in the fasted rat with pre-stress glucose infusion
- 1998
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Ingår i: Surgical communication Research. - : Harwood Academic. - 0882-9233. ; 9:2-4, s. 85-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elective surgery is usually performed after an overnight fast. Recent data suggests that pre-operative glucose loading instead of fasting is beneficial for postoperative metabolism by reducing insulin resistance. In this experimental study in rats, we examined the effects of pre-stress glucose infusion on the endocrine response to hemorrhage. Twenty-four hour food deprived rats received a 3 h continuous infusion of 30% glucose (0.3 mg/100 g b.wt./h) or the same volume of normal saline prior to standardized 35% blood loss during 60 min. Infusion of glucose resulted in a six fold increase in liver glycogen, and a twofold higher increment of blood glucose during hemorrhage, compared to saline treated rats. Animals given glucose developed a twofold increase in insulin during hemorrhage, which was not present in saline treated rats. Glucagon, catecholamines and corticosterone levels were elevated in a similar fashion in both groups during hemorrhage. These results indicate that the release of insulin in response to stress can be modulated by pre-treatment with glucose.
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| 6. |
- Zoucas, Evita, et al.
(författare)
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Arrest of haemorrhage at experimental liver trauma by intra-portal infusion of nor-epinephrine
- 1989
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Ingår i: Surgical Research Communications. - 0882-9233. ; 7:1, s. 19-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficacy of intraportal (i.p.) nor-epinephrine infusion in controlling bleeding upon liver trauma in the presence of normal as well as defective platelet function was evaluated in the rat. Infusion of nor-epinephrine (10-4 M, NE) took place after cannulation of the gastro-duodenal vein, during 5 min prior to liver trauma. Simultaneously blood pressure (BP) was registered. Platelet aggregation was rendered defective by per os administration of acetyl-salicylic acid (2.5 mg/100 g bW ASA) 30 min prior to liver trauma. Liver trauma constituted of a standardized liver resection involving 2-3 per cent of the total liver weight, bleeding time and blood loss from the wound being registered. Haemoglobin (Hb), Haematocrit (Hct), platelet count (PC), APT-time and platelet aggregation were studied upon resection. I.p. infusion of NE resulted in significant increase of BP from 122.5 3.2 mm Hg in controls to 166.2 ± 3.2 mm Hg. NE infusion significantly decreased bleeding time at liver trauma from 270 ± 15 sec in controls to 154 ± 10 sec. Simultaneously blood-loss was decreased from 0.9 ± 0.1 g to 0.4 ± 0.1 gr. Administration of ASA increased bleeding time to 513 ± 17 sec and blood loss to 2.1 ± 0.1 gr. Infusion of NE in ASA pretreated rats reduced bleeding time to 253 ± 24 sec and blood loss to 1.1 ± 0.2 gr compared with animals receiving only ASA. Hb, Hct, PC and APT-time were not affected. Platelet aggregation was diminished after administration of ASA, but was not affected by NE.
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