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| 2. |
- Berg, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Prednisolone on Sequelae in Bell's Palsy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. - 0886-4470 .- 1538-361X. ; 138:5, s. 443-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study whether prednisolone reduces sequelae in Bell's palsy. Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial with 12 months of follow-up. Setting: Seventeen referral centers. Patients: In all, 829 patients aged 18 to 75 years. Interventions: Randomization within 72 hours in a factorial fashion to placebo plus placebo (n=206); prednisolone, 60 mg/d for 5 days, with the dosage then tapered for 5 days, plus placebo (n=210); valacyclovir hydrochloride, 1000 mg 3 times daily for 7 days, plus placebo (n=207); or prednisolone plus valacyclovir (n=206). Main Outcome Measures: Facial function at 12 months assessed with the Sunnybrook and House-Brackmann grading systems. Results: In 184 of the 829 patients, the Sunnybrook score was less than 90 at 12 months; 71 had been treated with prednisolone and 113 had not (P<.001). In 98 patients, the Sunnybrook score was less than 70; 33 had received prednisolone and 65 had not (P<.001). The difference between patients who received prednisolone and who did not in House-Brackmann gradings higher than I and higher than II was also significant (P<.001 and P=.01, respectively). No significant difference was found between patients who received prednisolone and those who did not in Sunnybrook scores less than 50 (P=.10) or House-Brackmann grades higher than III (P=.80). Synkinesis was assessed with the Sunnybrook score in 743 patients. Ninety-six patients had a synkinesis score more than 2, of whom 33 had received prednisolone and 63 had not (P=.001). Sixty patients had a synkinesis score more than 4, of whom 22 had received prednisolone and 38 had not (P=.005). Conclusion: Prednisolone significantly reduces mild and moderate sequelae in Bell's palsy.
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- Engström, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Facial nerve enhancement in Bell's palsy demonstrated by different gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. - 0886-4470 .- 1538-361X. ; 119:2, s. 221-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-one patients with an acute complete peripheral facial palsy, Bell's palsy, were examined by medium- and high-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Three contrast techniques were used: intravenous gadolinium; oral carbohydrate and intravenous gadolinium; and gadolinium, carbohydrate, and readministration of gadolinium. Three to 22 days after the onset of palsy, 12 of the 21 patients demonstrated ipsilateral facial nerve enhancement, most consistently in the meatal region, which is indicative of an inflammatory reaction. Two to 4.5 months after the onset, the enhancement had disappeared in 10 of the 12 patients. For the individual patient, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging gave little or no help in predicting the outcome of palsy. It is speculated that the intake of carbohydrate and readministration of gadolinium may improve the sensitivity of medium-high-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in some cases.
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- Hurst, David S., et al.
(författare)
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The impact of atopy on neutrophil activity in middle ear effusion from children and adults with chronic otitis media
- 2002
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Ingår i: Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. - 0886-4470 .- 1538-361X. ; 128:5, s. 561-566
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship of neutrophil activity to allergy as reflected by the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in ears of atopic patients with chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) by objective testing. DESIGN: Evidence of neutrophils was measured in the effusion of atopic patients with chronic OME. Atopy was determined by intradermal and/or in vitro testing of allergic reaction to 10 inhalants, 2 molds, and 5 foods. SUBJECTS: Effusion MPO was measured prospectively in 138 ears from 106 consecutive patients with chronic OME. RESULTS: A total of 86 (81%) of 106 patients with OME tested atopic by in vitro or in vivo testing. Excluding 36 ears with purulence, the mean MPO level was 3132 microg/L in 84 atopic vs 142 microg/L in 18 nonatopic ears (P<.001). A total of 78 (90%) of 87 patients with OME were atopic. CONCLUSIONS: The surprising finding of marked elevation of effusion MPO in atopic patients but very low levels in nonatopic patients (P < .001) suggests that atopy may contribute to elevated levels of neutrophil activity in OME. An atopic patient may respond differently from a nonatopic one to the microbial or viral products of acute inflammation owing to the presence of primed inflammatory cells. This study provides confirmation on a cellular level that neutrophils are an integral part of the inflammatory process in OME to a disproportionate degree among atopic patients.
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| 5. |
- Nordang, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Complement activation in sudden deafness.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery. - 0886-4470 .- 1538-361X. ; 124:6, s. 633-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To test whether complement activation is associated with sudden deafness.DESIGN: Plasma samples obtained from patients in the acute phase of sudden deafness were analyzed for complement activation measured by C3bc levels and terminal complement complex. Comparisons were made with plasma samples from healthy controls.PATIENTS: Twenty-five adult patients with unilateral sudden deafness. The criteria for inclusion were symptoms of hearing loss for not longer than 14 days and a hearing loss of 35 dB or more measured at entry.RESULTS: Levels of C3bc were higher in patients compared with controls (P<.001). There were no differences in the formation of terminal complement complex in patients and controls.CONCLUSIONS: The elevated levels of C3bc in patients with sudden deafness indicate an activation of the first part of the complement cascade and therefore suspected inflammatory causes. Measurements of C3bc levels might identify patients with sudden deafness who would benefit from treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, G, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal follow-up of tinnitus complaints
- 2001
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Ingår i: ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY. - : AMER MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0886-4470. ; 127:2, s. 175-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the long-term outcome of patients with tinnitus, the long-term effects of cognitive behavioral therapy, and what properties of tinnitus predict distress at follow-up. Design: A longitudinal follow-up of a consecutive sample of pa
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