| 1. |
- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(författare)
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Dimensional analysis of sense of coherence using structural equation modelling
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 13:1, s. 51-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sense of coherence (SOC) concept has been criticized on conceptual and psychometric grounds. The aim of this study was to develop the concept using structural equation modelling. The short 13-item version of the SOC questionnaire was used and data were collected from two different samples. Each sample consisted of about 2000 individuals, selected to be representative of the Swedish population. A model with a general factor and two subordinate specific factors yielded a satisfactory solution in both samples. The two factors were labelled Social Comprehension and Commitment and Unpleasant Emotions and Inner Tension respectively. It was concluded that the 13-item SOC scale could to a cel rain degree be regarded as a measure of negative affectivity and that the suggested model makes the SOC concept move theoretically coherent.
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| 2. |
- Allik, Jüri, et al.
(författare)
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Personality development from 12 to 18 years of age : changes in mean levels and structure of traits
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : SAGE Publications. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 18:6, s. 445-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Estonian NEO-FFI was administered to 2,650 Estonian adolescents (1,420 girls and 1,230 boys) aged from 12 to 18 years and attending 6th, 8th, 10th, or 12th grade at secondary schools all over Estonia. Although the mean levels of personality traits of Estonian adolescents were quite similar to the respective scores of Estonian adults, there was a developmental gap in Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Three of the five personality dispositions demonstrated a modest cross-sectional change in the mean level of the trait scores: the level of Openness increased and the levels of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness decreased between 12 and 18 years of age. Although the five-factor structure of personality was already recognizable in the sample of 12-year-old children, it demonstrated only an approximate congruence with the adult structure, suggesting that not all children of that age have developed abilities required for observing one's own personality dispositions and for giving reliable self-reports on the basis of these observations. The self-reported personality trait structure matures and becomes sufficiently differentiated around age 14-15 and grows to be practically indistinguishable from adult personality by the age of 16. Personality of adolescents becomes more differentiated with age: along with the growth of mental capacities the correlations among the personality traits and intelligence become smaller.
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| 3. |
- Andershed, Henrik A., et al.
(författare)
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The usefulness of self-reported psychopathy-like traits in the study of antisocial behaviour among non-referred adolescents
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - New York : John Wiley & Sons. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 16:5, s. 383-402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Addresses the question of whether it is possible to use a self-report measure of psychopathic traits on non-referred youth samples to identify a subgroup of problematic youths who are particularly problematic and different from other problem youths. A large sample of 1,279 eighth-grade, non-referred adolescents (mean age 14.42 yrs), and their parents were assessed. Students completed self-report measures that assessed personality, conduct problems, and family functioning. Parents responded by completing and mailing in a questionnaire. Results show that the adolescents exhibiting a low-socialized psychopathy-like personality constellation had a more frequent, violent, and versatile conduct-problem profile than other low-socialized and well socialized adolescents. The psychopathy-like adolescents also differed from other poorly socialized adolescents in ways that suggested that their etiological background was different from adolescents with non-psychopathy-like conduct problems. The authors conclude that self-report measures can indeed be useful for research purposes in subtyping youths with conduct problems.
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| 4. |
- Bergh, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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The compatibility of personality and social identity processes : the effect of gender identity on neuroticism
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : SAGE Publications. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 26:3, s. 175-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an experimental study (N?=?186), we examined the effect of identity (gender versus personal) on participants' self-rated neuroticism and estimates of mean neuroticism for men and women. Self-rated neuroticism was measured before and after the identity salience manipulation. Following self-categorization theory, we predicted that identity salience would affect levels of self-rated neuroticism and the estimates (perceptions) of mean neuroticism for each sex. From a personality perspective, we expected substantial correlations between pre-manipulation and post-manipulation neuroticism scores in both identity conditions. The relation between participants' self-rated neuroticism and their estimates of mean neuroticism for their own sex was also examined. The effect of identity salience was unclear with regard to self-rated neuroticism levels, whereas the manipulation had apparent effects on estimated mean neuroticism levels for men and women. Also, self-rated neuroticism was found to predict estimates of mean neuroticism for men and women in the gender, but not personal, identity condition. Finally, in line with a personality perspective, the relative positions in self-rated neuroticism were highly stable in both conditions. The findings indicate a compatibility of self-categorization theory and personality perspectives and suggest that both are valuable to understand the changeability and stability of the self.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Brose, Annette, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in the Between-Person and Within-Person Structures of Affect Are a Matter of Degree
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : SAGE Publications. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 29:1, s. 55-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study tested whether the structure of affect observed on the basis of between-person (BP) differences is equivalent to the affect structures that organize the variability of affective states within persons (WP) over time. Further aims were to identify individual differences in the degree of divergence between the WP and BP structure and examine its association to dispositional and contextual variables (neuroticism, extraversion, well-being and stress). In 100 daily sessions, 101 younger adults rated their mood on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Variability of five negative affect items across time was so low that they were excluded from the analyses. We thus worked with a modified negative affect subscale. WP affect structures diverged reliably from the BP structure, with individual differences in the degree of divergence. Differences in the WP structural characteristics and the degree of divergence could be predicted by well-being and stress. We conclude that BP and WP structures of affect are not equivalent and that BP and WP variation should be considered as distinct phenomena. It would be wrong, for example, to conceive of positive and negative affect as independent at the WP level, as suggested by BP findings. Yet, individual differences in WP structural characteristics are related to stable BP differences, and the degree to which individuals' affect structures diverge from the BP structure can provide important insights into intraindividual functioning.
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| 7. |
- Bäckström, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Criterion validity is maintained when items are evaluatively neutralized: Evidence from a full scale FFM-inventory
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : SAGE Publications. - 1099-0984 .- 0890-2070. ; 28:6, s. 620-633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original version and an evaluatively neutralized version (with items rephrased to reduce popularity) of a personality inventory were compared. The results revealed A) Similar criterion validity across three different sets of self-rated behaviors, B) Stronger relations to the rated social desirability of criteria for the original version, and C) Less correlation between factors for the neutralized version (replicating Bäckström, Björklund & Larsson, 2009). We take the results to indicate that evaluative neutralization is a viable technique for reducing social desirability in self-ratings. Implications for test construction are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Chereches, Flavia S., et al.
(författare)
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Personality and limitations in instrumental activities of daily living in old age : Reciprocal associations across 12 years
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : SAGE Publications. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 37:5, s. 543-559
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personality traits have been reported to predict difficulties in performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in old age, such as preparing meals or shopping. However, little is known about the reciprocal effects on personality. In this study, we examined bidirectional relationships between personality traits and the capacity to perform IADL using four waves of longitudinal data from 3540 older adults (aged 65 years and older) from the Health and Retirement Study. We applied a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model to separate between- and within-person effects across time and compared it to a traditional cross-lagged panel model. At the between-person level, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness were associated with more IADL limitations. Within individuals across time, increases in neuroticism and decreases in conscientiousness and extraversion were associated with increases in IADL limitations 4 years later. In contrast, increases in IADL limitations only predicted increases in neuroticism and decreases in extraversion. These results indicate that some personality traits affect and are affected by limitations in functional capacities in old age. Results of the within-person model build a strong foundation for future personality interventions as a pathway to maintain high functioning in old age.
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| 9. |
- Denissen, Jaap J. A., et al.
(författare)
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Antecedents and consequences of peer-rated intelligence
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 25:2, s. 108-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study investigated the antecedents and consequences of peer-rated intelligence in a longitudinal round robin design, following previously unacquainted members of small student work groups. Results indicated that peer-reputations of intelligence were reliable, stable and weakly correlated with objective intelligence. Bias was shown by correlations with interpersonal liking (decreasing across time) and idiosyncratic rating tendencies (increasing across time). Agreement between self-ratings and peer-reputations increased over time but was not based on increasing accuracy but on reciprocal associations between self-ratings and peer-reputations in the beginning of the acquaintanceship process, and on peer-reputations predicting changes in self-ratings later on. Finally, it was shown that peer-rated intelligence reputations predict academic achievement across two 4-month periods (even when tested intelligence was controlled) and dropout from university after 8 months. Overall, the pattern of results demonstrates the utility of a socioanalytic perspective in analysing personality and social processes.
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| 10. |
- Denissen, Jaap J. A., et al.
(författare)
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Single-item big five ratings in a social network design
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Personality. - : SAGE Publications. - 0890-2070 .- 1099-0984. ; 22:1, s. 37-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To develop and validate an ultra-short measure to assess the Big Five in social network designs, the unipolar items of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory were adapted to create a bipolar single-item scale (TIPI-r), including a new Openness item. Reliability was examined in terms of the internal consistency and test-retest stability of self-ratings and peer-rating composites (trait reputations). Validity was examined by means of convergence between TIPI-r and Big Five Inventory (BFI) scores, self-peer agreement and projection (intra-individual correlation between self- and peer-ratings). The psychometric quality of the TIPI-r differed somewhat between scales and the different reliability and validity criteria. The high reliability of the peer-rating composites motivates to use the TIPI-r in future studies employing social network designs.
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