| 1. |
- Cárdenas-Castro, Alicia P., et al.
(författare)
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In Vitro Intestinal Bioaccessibility and Colonic Biotransformation of Polyphenols from Mini Bell Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-9104 .- 0921-9668. ; 77:1, s. 77-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To the best of our knowledge, "sweet mini bell" peppers have not been extensively investigated. In this study, we evaluated the bioaccessible phenolic compounds released during intestinal digestion and identified and quantified the microbial metabolites derived from phenolic compounds bioconversion during the in vitro colonic fermentation. A total of 66 phenolic compounds were determined. The results obtained in this study indicate that hydroxycinnamic acids (22 to 32 mg/100 g dw) and flavonoids (99 to 102 mg/100 g dw) headed by quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol glycosidic derivatives were the main bioaccessible phenolic compounds during in vitro intestinal digestion of mini bell peppers. The yellow variety contained the highest concentration of bioaccessible flavonoids (80 mg/100 g dw). For the first time in mini bell peppers, dihydroferulic acid was detected, in the three varieties studied. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid was the major metabolite found after 12-24 h fermentation of all samples (44 to 102 µM/L). Further cell culture or in vivo studies are needed to elucidate the biological activities of the phenolic compounds identified in mini bell peppers.
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| 2. |
- Erlanson-Albertsson, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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The Use of Green Leaf Membranes to Promote Appetite Control, Suppress Hedonic Hunger and Loose Body Weight.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-9104 .- 0921-9668. ; 70:3, s. 281-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On-going research aims at answering the question, which satiety signal is the most potent or which combination of satiety signals is the most potent to stop eating. There is also an aim at finding certain food items or food additives that could be used to specifically reduce food intake therapeutically. Therapeutic attempts to normalize body weight and glycaemia with single agents alone have generally been disappointing. The success of bariatric surgery illustrates the rationale of using several hormones to treat obesity and type-2-diabetes. We have found that certain components from green leaves, the thylakoids, when given orally have a similar rationale in inducing the release of several gut hormones at the same time. In this way satiety is promoted and hunger suppressed, leading to loss of body weight and body fat. The mechanism is a reduced rate of intestinal lipid hydrolysis, allowing the lipolytic products to reach the distal intestine and release satiety hormones. The thylakoids also regulate glucose uptake in the intestine and influences microbiota composition in the intestine in a prebiotic direction. Using thylakoids is a novel strategy for treatment and prevention of obesity.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Ewa, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-Inflammatory Substances in Wheat Malt Inducing Antisecretory Factor
- 2019
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Ingår i: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-9668 .- 1573-9104. ; 74:4, s. 489-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, The Author(s). Extensively malted cereals counteract enterotoxic diarrhea and inflammatory bowel diseases. This effect depends on a protein called antisecretory factor (AF), which is secreted into the blood as a larger complex known as the compleasome. In this study, we identified anti-inflammatory substances in malt and assayed their capacity to induce AF. Guaiacol and quercetin inhibited inflammation in a mouse footpad model, while catechin, sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and quercetin inhibited nitric oxide formation in RAW 264.7 cells. The proteasome activity in these cells was inhibited by vanillic acid and quercetin but not by the other tested phenols. As the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) might be involved in AF induction, the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine was tested and shown to inhibit inflammation in mouse paw and nitric oxide formation. Catechin, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid induced AF in rat blood, and these substances were all increased in malt compared to control wheat. These phenols might therefore be of particular importance for the beneficial effect of malted cereals on inflammatory diseases. Our results further suggest that TRPV1 might play a role in the anti-inflammatory activity of phenols via the induction of AF.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Thompson, H. O., et al.
(författare)
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Fermentation of Cauliflower and White Beans with Lactobacillus plantarum – Impact on Levels of Riboflavin, Folate, Vitamin B12, and Amino Acid Composition
- 2020
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Ingår i: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-9668 .- 1573-9104. ; 75:2, s. 236-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As diets change in response to ethical, environmental, and health concerns surrounding meat consumption, fermentation has potential to improve the taste and nutritional qualities of plant-based foods. In this study, cauliflower, white beans, and a 50:50 cauliflower-white bean mixture were fermented using different strains of Lactobacillus plantarum. In all treatments containing cauliflower, the pH was reduced to <4 after 18 h, while treatments containing only white beans had an average pH of 4.8 after 18 h. Following fermentation, the riboflavin, folate, and vitamin B12 content of the cauliflower-white bean mixture was measured, and compared against that of an unfermented control. The riboflavin and folate content of the mixture increased significantly after fermentation. Relative to control samples, riboflavin increased by 76–113%, to 91.6 ± 0.6 μg/100 g fresh weight, and folate increased by 32–60%, to 58.8 ± 2.0 μg/100 g fresh weight. For one bacterial strain, L. plantarum 299, a significant 66% increase in vitamin B12 was observed, although the final amount (0.048 ± 0.013 μg/100 g fresh weight) was only a small fraction of recommended daily intake. Measurements of amino acid composition in the mixture revealed small increases in alanine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine in the fermented sample compared to the unfermented control.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Land, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical weathering rates, erosion rates and mobility of major and trace elements in a boreal granitic till
- 2000
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Ingår i: Aquatic geochemistry. - 1380-6165 .- 1573-1421. ; 6:4, s. 435-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical weathering rates and erosionrates of granitic till in northern Sweden have beenestimated. The present-day chemical weathering rate iscompared with the long-term average weathering ratesince the last deglaciation approximately 8,700 yearsago. Also, the present-day release rates of major andtrace elements due to chemical weathering are comparedwith the mobility of these elements in a spodosolprofile as shown by soil water samples from the vadozezone. The estimation of the past weathering rate isbased on elemental depletion trends in a soil profile(typic haplocryod), whereas the present weatheringrate is based on elemental input/output budgets in asmall catchment ...
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| 8. |
- Egels-Zandén, Niklas, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Post-Partnership Strategies for Defining Corporate Responsibility: The Business Social Compliance Initiative
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Ethics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-4544. ; 70:2, s. 175-189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While cross-sectoral partnerships are frequently presented as a way to achieve sustainable development, some corporations that first tried using the strategy are now changing direction. Growing tired of what are, in their eyes, inefficient and unproductive cross-sectoral partnerships, firms are starting to form post-cross-sectoral partnerships (‚post-partnerships’) open exclusively to corporations. This paper examines one such post-partnership project, the Business Social Compliance Initiative (BSCI), to analyse the possibility of post-partnerships establishing stable definitions of ‚corporate responsibility’. We do this by creating a theoretical framework based on actor-network theory (ANT) and institutional theory. Using this framework, we show that post-partnerships suffer from the paradox of striving to marginalise those stakeholders whose support they need␣for establishing stable definitions of ‚corporate responsibility’. We conclude by discussing whether or not post-partnership strategies, despite this paradox, can be expected to establish stable definitions of ‚corporate responsibility’.
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| 9. |
- Lithner, Johan
(författare)
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A research framework for creative and imitative reasoning
- 2008
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Ingår i: Educational Studies in Mathematics. - : Springer. - 0013-1954 .- 1573-0816. ; 67:3, s. 255-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This conceptual research framework addresses the problem of rote learn- ing by characterising key aspects of the dominating imitative reasoning and the lack of creative mathematical reasoning found in empirical data. By relating reasoning to thinking processes, student competencies, and the learning milieu it explains origins and consequences of different reasoning types
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| 10. |
- Marinakis, Yannis, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple phase neighborhood Search-GRASP based on Lagrangean relaxation, random backtracking Lin-Kernighan and path relinking for the TSP
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of combinatorial optimization. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1382-6905 .- 1573-2886. ; 17:2, s. 134-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a new modified version of Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP), called Multiple Phase Neighborhood Search-GRASP (MPNS-GRASP), is proposed for the solution of the Traveling Salesman Problem. In this method, some procedures have been included to the classical GRASP algorithm in order to improve its performance and to cope with the major disadvantage of GRASP which is that it does not have a stopping criterion that will prevent the algorithm from spending time in iterations that give minor, if any, improvement in the solution. Thus, in MPNS-GRASP a stopping criterion based on Lagrangean Relaxation and Subgradient Optimization is proposed. Also, a different way for expanding the neighborhood search is used based on a new strategy, the Circle Restricted Local Search Moves strategy. A new variant of the Lin-Kernighan algorithm, called Random Backtracking Lin-Kernighan that helps the algorithm to diversify the search in non-promising regions of the search space is used in the Expanding Neighborhood Search phase of the algorithm. Finally, a Path Relinking Strategy is used in order to explore trajectories between elite solutions. The proposed algorithm is tested on numerous benchmark problems from TSPLIB with very satisfactory results
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