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1.
  • Ambrozaitis, Arvydas, et al. (författare)
  • Hepatitis C in Lithuania: incidence, prevalence, risk factors and viral genotypes
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Clinical and Diagnostic Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-0197. ; 4:4, s. 273-284
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been studied in many countries. However, little is known about HCV infection in Lithuania, a Baltic country, that was part of the former Soviet Union. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the etiology of acute viral hepatitis, the risk factors for acquiring HCV in comparison to hepatitis B virus (HBV), seroprevalence of anti-HCV among blood donors and risk groups of the population in Lithuania. The distribution of HCV genotypes from Lithuanian first-time blood donors was also assessed. STUDY DESIGN: Sera taken from clinical viral hepatitis patients, blood donors, risk groups of population were investigated serologically. Patients with acute viral hepatitis were interviewed to determine their risk factors for HCV and HBV. HCV genotyping was done by PCR using type specific primers. RESULTS: Acute hepatitis C accounted for 5.0-8.5% of reported viral hepatitis cases in adults in Vilnius. Of the acute hepatitis C cases, 37.0% was associated with blood transfusions before the implementation of screening of blood donors for anti-HCV and only 15.4% (2/13) after the screening was started. Anti-HCV was found in 2.2% of first-time blood donors, in 7.9% of commercial blood donors, in 13.9% of commercial blood plasma donors, in 48.3% of hemodialysis patients, in 29.4% of prisoners, in 9.4% of elderly nursing home residents, and in 7.9% of hemodialysis staff. The following distribution in genotypes were found: genotype 1b (54.3%), 3a (23.9%), 2a (10.9%) 2b (4.3%), 1a (0%), and double infection (6.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Lithuania is a country with a considerable hepatitis C problem.
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2.
  • Pohjanpelto, Pirkko, et al. (författare)
  • Hepatitis C genotypes in Finland determined by RFLP
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Clinical and Diagnostic Virology. - 0928-0197. ; 7:1, s. 7-16
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Genotyping of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is important because of its clinical and epidemiological implications. We report here the distribution of HCV genotypes in various patient groups in Finland using a rapid and reliable HCV typing method based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the amplified DNA from the 5' non-coding region of the genome. The reaction product from the primary, diagnostic PCR (nested, one tube system) was used in genotyping. From 264 Finnish sera we identified HCV genotypes 1a (14%), 1b (24%), 2b (20%). 3a (41%) and 1a + 1b (1%). Only one patient with genotype 2a was identified. From four Egyptian blood donors, types 1b and 4 were found. Genotype 3a was more often associated with i.v. drug abuse and younger age profile (less than 30 years).
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