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- Bendix, Marie, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Allopregnanolone and progesterone in estradiol treated severe postpartum depression and psychosis : Preliminary findings
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurology, psychiatry and brain research. - : Elsevier. - 0941-9500. ; 34, s. 50-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Postpartum affective disorders may be associated with dysregulation of gonadal steroids. We investigated peripheral levels of allopregnanolone and progesterone in a combined group of women with postpartum onset of severe depression and/or psychosis who, as previously reported, responded with rapid symptom remission during sublingual estradiol treatment. The aim was to assess differences in allopregnanolone and progesterone between patients and healthy controls at baseline, and hormonal changes during estradiol treatment and symptom remission in patients.Methods: Allopregnanolone and progesterone in serum were analyzed with radioimmunoassay before and four weeks after initiation of sublingual estradiol treatment in ten women with postpartum depression and four women with postpartum psychosis (ICD-10). Twenty-eight healthy postpartum controls were included for baseline comparison.Results: Allopregnanolone declined significantly during estradiol treatment while there was a trend for lower baseline allopregnanolone levels in patients compared with healthy postpartum controls. The ratio between allopregnanolone and progesterone was significantly lower in patients compared with controls and it remained unchanged after clinical recovery.Limitations: This study is a secondary analysis of two estradiol treatment studies based on availability of samples for the analysis of allopregnanolone. Healthy controls were assessed earlier after delivery. Data on potential confounders (somatic health, breastfeeding, other medication) were not available.Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that clinical recovery of severe postpartum depression and psychosis during estradiol treatment does not seem to depend on increasing levels of allopregnanolone. Differences in progesterone metabolism may constitute a risk factor for severe postnatal affective dysregulation.
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| 2. |
- Claesdotter-Knutsson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Abnormal auditory brainstem response in the pons region in youth with autism
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0941-9500. ; 32, s. 122-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of the article: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)is an impairing neurodevelopmental disorder with an unknown etiology. The present study aims to investigate if the auditory brainstem response (ABR)to complex stimuli in children and adolescents diagnosed with ASD can be a possible objective biomarker in autism. Materials and methods: The ABR of 39 youth with ASD (7–18 years)were compared to the ABR of 34 typically developed youth (TD). The ABR consists of seven positive peaks (waves I–VII)that occur during 10 Ms following a sound stimulus. Results: The amplitude of wave III (region 2.5–4.0 Ms)was higher in the ASD group compared to the TD group. The TD males showed a significant lower degree of correlation, between left and right ear compared to the ASD groups and the TD females. Conclusions: Altered auditory processing was evident in the pons region of the brainstem for the ASD group when compared to the TD group. Implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the neurobiology and assessment of autism spectrum disorder in youth.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Maripuu, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life for patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder : lifestyle and treatment
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurology, psychiatry and brain research. - : Elsevier. - 0941-9500. ; 34, s. 34-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although bipolar disorder (BP) is associated with impaired quality of life (QOL), little is known about the clinical features associated with QOL. Better knowledge about this relationship may improve treatment.Methods: This cross-sectional and retrospective study of 160 bipolar outpatients is part of an extensive study battery that includes patient-rated QOL with the World Health Organization QOL-100. The subscale "overall QOL" was used for analysis. QOL was divided into subgroups denoted "low", "mid", and "high". Clinical data such as disease-specific factors, treatment efforts, and lifestyle were gathered from personal interviews and medical records.Results: Compared to mid QOL, single analysis adjusted for age and sex revealed that low QOL was associated with BP II diagnosis, no previous hospitalization, low grade of current lithium medication, high grade of current antiepileptic medication, short disease duration with lithium, long disease duration without lithium, inactive lifestyle, high BMI, young age, and pre-menopausal women. Compared to mid QOL, high QOL was associated with a hypomanic/manic first affective episode, low BMI, non-smoker, and not currently using anxiolytic or sedatives.Limitations: No longitudinal QOL data were collected.Conclusions: QOL for bipolar patients is determined by serval factors that potentially could be altered. To improve QOL, lithium prophylaxis and lifestyle factors seem the most promising.
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| 5. |
- Yatan Pal Singh, Balhara, et al.
(författare)
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Can daily internet use time screen for problematic internet use among college students? A receiver operator characteristic curve-based multi-country study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0941-9500 .- 2212-8581. ; 38, s. 43-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2020 Elsevier GmbH Background and objective: The current article explored the possibility of using daily internet use time as an indicator for problematic internet use (PIU) among college/ university students based on observations from a multi-centric, multi-country study conducted across eight different countries. Additionally, the current article explored whether daily night time sleep and physical activity can serve as possible indicators of PIU. Methods: The present article presents the findings from analysis of information collected from 2643 college/university students from eight countries. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the predictive performance of three different indicator variables in the study participants to determine PIU. Results: The AUC for daily internet use time was 0.64 (95 % CI: 0.62 to 0.656), which was higher than the AUC for weekly physical activity (0.599; 95 % CI: 0.580 to 0.618) and daily night time sleep (0.563; 95 % CI: 0.544 to 0.582). The AUC for three indicator variables was compared, which showed that the AUC for daily internet time was significantly higher than the AUC for daily night-time sleep. Conclusions: The assessment of daily internet use time as part of a larger battery of general health-related questions could be applied periodically among young students for screening of PIU in addition to a host of other important mental and physical health related conditions and behaviors. However, further studies are needed to determine optimal cut-off depending upon the desired trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for screening among different populations.
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