| 1. |
- Alsarve, Daniel, 1976-
(författare)
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Historicizing Machoism in Swedish Ice Hockey
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 38:16, s. 1688-1709
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Male ice hockey has long been regarded as a hyper-masculine sport. More importantly, the so-called machoism has been institutionalized in the ice hockey culture and, due to its comprehensive legitimacy and complexity, it has been impossible to problematize, challenge and ultimately change from within. Identifying ice hockey’s cultural promises, guidelines, psyche, and societal contributions, the controlling of changes is illuminated, which, taken together, help to deepen the understanding of machoism’s stability in sport. Although the journal Hockey is the main historical source, interviews, the media, and biographies have also been used. As Sweden is located between what was then the Soviet Union and North America, the Swedish Ice Hockey Association was inspired by these dominating ice hockey models. The professional and, mostly, Canadian hockey style gradually gained ground. In short, the appreciated masculine ideals interlinked with commercial forces and the tactical strategies of the game. By showing the culture’s stability and complexity, previous research on masculine domination in ice hockey is nuanced and complemented.
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| 2. |
- Barker-Ruchti, Natalie, 1971-
(författare)
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Ballerinas and pixies : a Genealogy of the Changing Female Gymnastics Body
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 26:1, s. 45-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Until the late 1960s, women’s artistic gymnastics consisted of mature women performing gentle ballet-type exercises that were emotionally expressive and graceful. During the 1970s, however, the gymnasts’ performances and bodies changed dramatically. Young and sexually undeveloped gymnasts began to execute acrobatic- and risk-driven routines that consisted of complex air-bound combinations of gymnastics elements. The trend to acrobatics emerged in the former Soviet Union. Within this specific political context, a highly competitive, ambitious and ingenious sporting atmosphere fostered the development of the acrobatic trend in the Eastern Bloc countries and later in the West. Analyses of the 1964 and 1975 International Code of Points (Code) and specific descriptions of the physical appearance and winning floor routine of Czechoslovakian Vera Caslavska at the 1968 Olympic Games and that of Romanian Nadia Comaneci at the 1976 Games, demonstrate the differing gymnastics styles. Interviews, academic literature, popular texts and Internet sites help explain the developments. Michel Foucault’s genealogical research methodology and ‘analytic’ of modern relations of power assist in this pursuit, revealing a particular history of social change.
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| 3. |
- Barker-Ruchti, Natalie, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Moving towards inclusion : An analysis of photographs from the 1926 Women's Games in Gothenburg
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 30:8, s. 871-891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1920s was characterised by a struggle over the social acceptance and inclusion of women's track and field disciplines into international organisations. The debate was particularly heated between Alice Milliat, the then president of the Fédération Sportive Féminine Internationale, and the members of the International Athletic Federation and International Olympic Committee. Underlying the debate were differing assumptions about gender ideals and the role of women in society. While Milliat's efforts have been crucial and recognised in developing women's track and field, little research has examined how visual representations of track and field athletes related to gender norms. In this paper, we examine a corpus of professional sports photographs taken during the 1926 Women's Games in Gothenburg to gain understanding of how female athletes' media representations were part of negotiations over gender ideals. Placing the material within the notion of gender dispositive, our analyses reveal a process of negotiation between the new woman ideal that included characteristics such as autonomy and self-control, as well as the mechanisation of women's bodies and traditional notions of femininity.
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| 4. |
- Bolling, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Gymnastics for Export : A Study of the Professional Careers and Lives of Swedish Female Gymnastic Directors, 1893-1933
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 32:11-12, s. 1437-1455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study is to analyze the careers of women gymnastics directors about the turn of the century in 1900. This is done by means of a collective biographical study of the women's course at the Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics in Stockholm from 1891 to 1893. The study is based above all on unique correspondence between the members of the course, namely a correspondence book circulated among them between 1893 and 1943. This book contained a total of almost 500 letters comprising thousands of handwritten pages with detailed accounts of their professional career and family, as well as life's positive and negative sides. The study shows that their opportunities of making a career in Sweden and abroad in the occupation they had received training in were good. There are several reasons for this success. Swedish gymnastics treatment methods were the height of fashion round about the turn of the century in 1900 and there was great demand for their services. They remained faithful to their choice of occupation, even if their career took a back seat for half of them when they married: family life and a professional career could not be combined for them.
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| 5. |
- Dahlquist, Marina, 1964-
(författare)
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Stockholm Olympics at the Movies
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - London : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 31:5, s. 588-599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is a contribution to the special issue on the Olympic Games in Stockholm in 1912 commissioned by Christian Widholm. The text discusses the 1912 Olympics as a major media event with a special focus on the production, distribution and reception of moving pictures
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| 6. |
- Heck, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 38:15, s. 1517-1519
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Hedenborg, Susanna
(författare)
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Female Jockeys in Swedish Horseracing 1890-2000. From minority to majority - complex causes
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sports. - : Taylor and Francis. ; 24:4, s. 501-519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to describe and explain the changes in the gender balance of jockeyship in Swedish horse racing in the period 1890-2000. The change in gender coding, and its causes, are both complex. Two distinctive periods of change are argued to have been crucial, the 1940s and 1970s. In the first period women were given permission to ride in amateur races; in the second period they were allowed to become professionals. It is suggested here that the changes in the gender balance are explained by male support, the intersection of gender and social class and gender coding.
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| 8. |
- Hedenborg, Susanna
(författare)
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Gender and sports within the Equine Sector : A comparative perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 32:4, s. 551-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to discuss and problematize research on gender and sports within the equine sector, and to argue for the necessity of a comparative perspective in order to understand the gender order within equestrian sports. The article will focus on two areas within the equine sector: horse racing and Olympic equestrianism. Differences over time as well as between countries and events will be highlighted and discussed. Previous research demonstrates that the equine sector has historically been connected to men and masculinity in large parts of the world, although there are many examples of women working with horses and enjoying equestrian activities during their leisure time. During the twentieth century, horses have become progressively less important for agriculture, forestry, transport, and the army. The societal context is interesting, as sport historians Jennifer Hargreaves and Gertrud Pfister have claimed that a destabilization of the gender order in society at large may open new opportunities for women in sport. It is argued in this article that an analytical framework based on insights from gender studies and a comparative perspective is crucial if the development is to be understood and explained.
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| 9. |
- Hedenborg, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Emergence of the Swedish Horse-Riding School from the Mid-Twentieth Century
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 38:6, s. 607-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Up until the end of the nineteenth century, horse-riding in Sweden was primarily practiced by army men and members of the upper class. Today, horse-riding is one of the most popular sports for children and young people. A majority of riders are girls and women, many of whom learn how to ride at horse-riding schools. An explaining factor behind this development, through which a sport practiced by adults in the army became a grassroot sport for girls, is the public support for the emerging new horse-riding schools for leisure riding from the second half of the twentieth century until today. Public support and its consequences distinguish Swedish equestrian sports and the activities of the riding schools from horse-riding activities in many other countries. Childification and feminization are linked to changes in the status of the horses, who was responsible for the activities, ideas on formal and informal education and learning, and what the activities comprised.
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| 10. |
- Hedenborg, Susanna
(författare)
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The Girl with the Torch : The Life Story of Gymnast Karin Lindberg Linden
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of the History of Sport. - : Routledge. - 0952-3367 .- 1743-9035. ; 40:6-7, s. 629-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women had difficulties entering sport arenas during the first half of the twentieth century, and in the media, sportswomen were often ridiculed or seen as beauty queens rather than athletes. Although women participated in competitive sport, little is known about how they handled and experienced their participation. This article analyses a life story interview with the Swedish gymnast Karin Lindberg Linden to highlight how a sportswoman perceived and handled her participation in competitive sport in a time when structures and norms marginalized women's participation. Women's sport history is complex and provides contradictory examples of women's involvement. Women were accepted in gymnastics - especially non-competitive gymnastics adapted for the female body - but they also competed. In the Swedish context, there were controversies between representatives of the traditional non-competitive Swedish (Ling) gymnastics and competitive gymnastics. This article shows how Karin experienced and negotiated her participation in competitions and how her participation in different forms of gymnastic practices led to travel opportunities and professional choices. The article is thus an attempt to nuance the history of women's participation in sport. Gender studies and the concept of 'new biography' grounds the analytical framework of this article.
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