| 1. |
- Alfsdotter, Clara, 1988-
(författare)
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Social implications of unburied corpses from intergroup conflicts : postmortem agency following the Sandby borg massacre
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 29:3, s. 427-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A massacre took place inside the Sandby borg ringfort, southeast Sweden, at the end of the fifth century. The victims were not buried, but left where they died. In order to understand why the corpses were left unburied, and how they were perceived following the violent event, a theoretical framework is developed and integrated with the results of osteological analysis. I discuss the contemporary normative treatment of the dead, social response to death and postmortem agency with emphasis on intergroup conflict and ‘bad death’. The treatment of the dead in Sandby borg deviates from known contemporary practices. I am proposing that leaving the bodies unburied might be viewed as an aggressive social action. The corpses exerted postmortem agency to the benefit of the perpetrators, at the expense of the victims and their sympathizers. The gain for the perpetrators was likely political power through redrawing the victim's biographies, spatial memory and the social and territorial landscape. The denial of a proper death likely led to shame, hindering of regeneration and an eternal state of limbo.
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| 2. |
- Bailey, Greg, et al.
(författare)
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Transit, Transition : Excavating J641 VUJ
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 19:1, s. 1-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In July 2006 archaeologists from the University of Bristol and Atkins Heritage embarked oil a contemporary archaeology project with a difference. We 'excavated' ail old (1991) Ford Transit van, used by archaeologists and later by works and maintenance teams at the Ironbridge Museum The object: to see what can be learnt from a very particular, common and characteristic type of contemporary place; to establish what archaeologists and archaeology can contribute to understanding the way society, and specifically we as archaeologists, use and inhabit these places; and to challenge and critique archaeologies of the contemporary past. In this report we describe our excavation and situate it within a wider debate about research practice in contemporary archaeology.
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| 3. |
- Bennerhag, Carina, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a Broader Understanding of the Emergence of Iron Technology in Prehistoric Arctic Fennoscandia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 33:2, s. 265-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article critically examines interpretations of Old World ferrous metallurgical developments with reference to their consequences for Arctic Fennoscandian iron research. The traditional paradigm of technological innovations recurrently links the emergence of iron technology to increasing social complexity and a sedentary agricultural lifestyle, typically downplaying ‘peripheral’ areas such as Arctic Fennoscandia and its hunter-gatherer communities. Even in postcolonial research of recent years, the archaeometallurgical record of Arctic Fennoscandia is interpreted and organized within the traditional frameworks on the time, course, and cultural context of the introduction of iron technology in Europe, where Arctic Fennoscandia is not considered to have any noteworthy role. However, current archaeological research with new data in Arctic Fennoscandia disputes prevailing ideas in European iron research and shows substantial evidence that iron technology was an integrated part of hunter-gatherer subsistence already during the Early Iron Age (c. 200 BC). Archaeometallurgical analyses reveal advanced knowledge in all the operational sequences of iron technology, including bloomery steel production and the mastering of advanced smithing techniques. Therefore, we urge dispensing with traditional ideas and call for an increased interest in the underlying mechanisms for the transfer of iron.
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| 4. |
- Croix, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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The réseau opératoire of Urbanization : Craft Collaborations and Organization in an Early Medieval Workshop in Ribe, Denmark
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 29:2, s. 345-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes that the organization of crafts may be a key catalyst in the emergence of urban communities. This is argued through a reassessment of finds from a non-ferrous metal workshop from the eighth century excavated in Ribe, Denmark. We analyse 3D laser scans in order to classify previously unidentified mould fragments, which show that the workshop produced a range of metal parts for composite products like wooden chests, belts and horse harnesses. Such production required an operational network, or réseau opératoire, to combine the necessary skills and expertise of several artisanal specializations. The need for collaboration between specialized craftspeople would have been a decisive incentive for the formation of permanent communities of an urban character. These observations point to a neglected bottom-up driver for the development of early urbanization.
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| 5. |
- Fahlander, Fredrik, 1965-
(författare)
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Becoming Dead : Burial assemblages as vitalist devices
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 30:4, s. 555-569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This text comprises a critical discussion of assemblage theory and its application to burial studies. In recent research, burials have been viewed as fluid and indeterminate assemblages that 'become' in varied ways depending on different perceptions (concepts and ideas) and apparatuses (e.g. excavation tools and measuring instruments). The past and the present are thus mixed in potentially ever-new configurations which run the risk of replacing epistemological relativism with ontological fluidity. It is argued here that the hypothetical mutability of burial assemblages can be reduced significantly by addressing the varying speed and degree of the involved processes of integration and disintegration. By doing this, the main focus is shifted to the animacy of such processes and how they may have been understood and utilized in burials. Using both general and specific examples, it is argued that cremation burials can be studied as carefully compiled amalgamations that utilize the properties and animacies of different materialities to deal with death, corpses and the afterlife.
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| 6. |
- Fahlander, Fredrik, 1965-
(författare)
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Intersecting Generations : Burying the Old in a Neolithic Hunter-Fisher Community
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 23:2, s. 227-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores the potential of studying the social dimensions of old age and aged bodies in the past. Because old age is relative to life-expectancy figures, diet and lifestyle, calendric years are avoided when defining old age. Instead a composite approach is advocated that includes, for example, traces of wear and joint diseases to identify a threshold between adulthood and a period of seniority. The approach is applied to the Middle Neolithic burial ground Ajvide on the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea. Eleven individuals (six men, five women, or 18 per cent of the 62 analysed burials) are regarded as ‘aged bodies’. At Ajvide a majority of these individuals are buried in graves that overlap earlier burials containing younger individuals of the same sex. It is argued that this pattern is due to eschatological ideas of ‘generational merging’ of bodies. This practice changes over time, which is suggested to be a part of the overall hybridization processes at the site.
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| 7. |
- Fredengren, Christina
(författare)
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Bodily Entanglements : Gender, Archaeological Sciences and the More-than-ness of Archaeological Bodies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 31:3, s. 525-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Critical feminist Posthumanism provides novel ways of dealing with bodies as material-discursive phenomena. As such, bodies come about, change and dissolve by re-workings of entangled relations. Such relationships are making human bodies more-than-human. Bodies can be understood as full of excesses-that will not be captured by, for example, gender or age categories alone-albeit occasionally materially shaped by them. Examples of such excessive relations are captured by DNA analysis or various isotope analyses-where diet as well as geological habitat gets imprinted into the body and become a part of the personhood-and can be discussed as the landscape within. This paper deals with some misunderstandings around Posthumanism, but also with how critical posthumanist feminist theory can breathe new life into archaeological gender studies and thereby also forge new relationships with the archaeological sciences.
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| 8. |
- Goldhahn, Joakim, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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‘I Have Done Hundreds of Rock Paintings’ : On the Ongoing Rock Art Tradition among Samburu, Northern Kenya
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 31:2, s. 229-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we discuss observations from fieldwork in northern Kenya whichrevealed solid evidence for a vital ongoing rock art tradition among warriors ofSamburu—lmurran. They make rock art during their lives as warriors, typicallybetween the ages of 15 and 30, when they live away from their villages, herdingcattle and thus representing a specific ‘community of practice’. Our findings revealthat Samburu rock art is made predominantly as a leisure occupation, whilecamping in shelters, as part of activities also involving the preparation of food.Typical images include domestic animals, humans (both men and women) andoccasionally wild animals such as elephants and rhinos. Each age-set and newgeneration of lmurran is inspired by previous artwork, but they also change thetradition slightly by adding new elements, such as the recent tradition of writingletters and names close to the images. We conclude that even though rock art assuch is not part of any ritual or ceremonial setting, it plays an important role as aninter-generational visual culture that transfers a common ongoing culturalengendered warrior identity through time.
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| 9. |
- Högberg, Anders, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowing, Learning and Teaching : How Homo Became Docens
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 25:4, s. 847-858
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the relation between knowing, learning and teaching in relation to early Palaeolithic technologies. We begin by distinguishing between three kinds of knowl- edge: knowing how, knowing what and knowing that. We discuss the relation between these types of knowledge and different forms of learning and long-term memory systems. On the basis of this analysis, we present three types of teaching: (1) helping and correcting; (2) showing; and (3) explaining. We then use this theoretical framework to suggest what kinds of teaching are required for the pre-Oldowan, the Oldowan, the early Acheulean and the late Acheulean stone-knapping technologies. As a general introductory overview to this special section, the text concludes with a brief presentation of the papers included.
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| 10. |
- Jones, Andrew Meirion, et al.
(författare)
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Making a Mark : Process, Pattern and Change in the British and Irish Neolithic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cambridge Archaeological Journal. - 0959-7743 .- 1474-0540. ; 32:3, s. 389-407
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents key results of the Making a Mark project (2014–2016), which aimed to provide a contextual framework for the analysis of mark making on portable artefacts in the British and Irish Neolithic by comparing them with other mark-making practices, including rock art and passage tomb art. The project used digital imaging techniques, including Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), and improved radiocarbon chronologies, to develop a new understanding of the character of mark making in the British and Irish Neolithic. Rather than considering this tradition in representational terms, as expression of human ideas, we focus on two kinds of relational material practices, the processes of marking and the production of skeuomorphs, and their emergent properties. We draw on Karen Barad's concept of ‘intra-action’ and Gilles Deleuze's notion of differentiation to understand the evolution and development of mark-making traditions and how they relate to other kinds of social practices over the course of the Neolithic.
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