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| 2. |
- Lloyd, Scott A, et al.
(författare)
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Targeting exported substrates to the Yersinia TTSS : different functions for different signals?
- 2001
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Ingår i: Trends in Microbiology. - 0966-842X .- 1878-4380. ; 9:8, s. 367-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many Gram-negative pathogens utilize a type III secretion system (TTSS) to inject toxins into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Previous studies have indicated that exported substrates are targeted to the Yersinia TTSS via the coding regions of their 5' mRNA sequences, as well as by their cognate chaperones. However, recent results from our laboratory have challenged the role of mRNA targeting signals, as we have shown that the amino termini of exported substrates are crucial for type III secretion. Here, we discuss the nature of these amino-terminal secretion signals and propose a model for the secretion of exported substrates by amino-terminal and chaperone-mediated signals. In addition, we discuss the roles of chaperones as regulators of virulence gene expression and present models suggesting that such regulation can occur independently of the delivery of their substrates to the secretion apparatus.
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| 3. |
- Söderbom, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Cell-cell signaling during Dictyostelium development
- 1998
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Ingår i: Trends in Microbiology. - 0966-842X .- 1878-4380. ; 6:10, s. 402-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specific proteins and peptides, as well as cAMP, are used as intercellular signals in Dictyostelium. Our understanding of the signal transduction pathways activated by these signals has been expanded by inclusion of newly characterized proteins. cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and its associated phosphodiesterase, RegA, play multiple roles in these pathways.
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| 4. |
- Abdelfattah, Ahmed, et al.
(författare)
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From seed to seed : the role of microbial inheritance in the assembly of the plant microbiome
- 2023
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Ingår i: Trends in Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-842X .- 1878-4380. ; 31:4, s. 346-355
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite evidence that the microbiome extends host genetic and phenotypic traits, information on how the microbiome is transmitted and maintained across generations remains fragmented. For seed-bearing plants, seeds harbor a distinct microbiome and play a unique role by linking one generation to the next. Studies on microbial inheritance, a process we suggest including both vertical transmission and the subsequent migration of seed microorganisms to the new plant, thus become essential for our understanding of host evolutionary potential and host–microbiome coevolution. We propose dividing the inheritance process into three stages: (i) plant to seed, (ii) seed dormancy, and (iii) seed to seedling. We discuss the factors affecting the assembly of the microbiome during the three stages, highlight future research directions, and emphasize the implications of microbial inheritance for fundamental science and society.
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| 5. |
- Ament-Velásquez, Sandra Lorena, Ph.D. 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Podospora anserina
- 2022
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Ingår i: Trends in Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-842X .- 1878-4380. ; 30:12, s. 1243-1244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Baker-Austin, Craig, et al.
(författare)
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Life in acid : pH homeostasis in acidophiles.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Trends Microbiol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-842X .- 1878-4380. ; 15:4, s. 165-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microorganisms that have a pH optimum for growth of less than pH 3 are termed "acidophiles". To grow at low pH, acidophiles must maintain a pH gradient of several pH units across the cellular membrane while producing ATP by the influx of protons through the F(0)F(1) ATPase. Recent advances in the biochemical analysis of acidophiles coupled to sequencing of several genomes have shed new insights into acidophile pH homeostatic mechanisms. Acidophiles seem to share distinctive structural and functional characteristics including a reversed membrane potential, highly impermeable cell membranes and a predominance of secondary transporters. Also, once protons enter the cytoplasm, methods are required to alleviate effects of a lowered internal pH. This review highlights recent insights regarding how acidophiles are able to survive and grow in these extreme conditions.
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| 7. |
- Bernsel, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the inner membrane proteome of Escherichia coli : which proteins are eluding detection and why?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Trends in microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-4380 .- 0966-842X. ; 17:10, s. 444-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proteins embedded in membranes are important for helping the cell adapt to changes in the extracellular milieu and often play key roles in the life cycles of pathogenic microbes. Bioinformatic predictions can provide an estimate of membrane proteins, but experimental approaches of detection are required for a deeper understanding of their functions. To determine the effectiveness of experimental detection approaches, here we collate and discuss data from available proteomic analyses on the inner (or cytoplasmic) membrane of Escherichia coli. We compile a list of proteins that have been experimentally detected and by comparing this to a predicted proteome we identify membrane proteins that have eluded us experimentally. Limitations of current proteomic analyses together with possible solutions are discussed. We also provide a list of proteins for benchmarking the performance of future proteomic studies.
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| 8. |
- Bunse, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Marine bacterioplankton seasonal succession dynamics
- 2017
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Ingår i: Trends in Microbiology. - : Elsevier. - 0966-842X .- 1878-4380. ; 25:6, s. 495-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacterioplankton (bacteria and archaea) are indispensable regulators of global element cycles owing to their unique ability to decompose and remineralize dissolved organic matter. These microorganisms in surface waters worldwide exhibit pronounced seasonal succession patterns, governed by physicochemical factors (e.g., light, climate, and nutrient loading) that are determined by latitude and distance to shore. Moreover, we emphasize that the effects of large-scale factors are modulated regionally, and over shorter timespans (days to weeks), by biological interactions including molecule exchanges, viral lysis, and grazing. Thus the interplay and scaling between factors ultimately determine the success of particular bacterial populations. Spatiotemporal surveys of bacterioplankton community composition provide the necessary frame for interpreting how the distinct metabolisms encoded in the genomes of different bacteria regulate biogeochemical cycles.
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