| 1. |
- Lopez-Valladares, Gloria, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Listeriosis in South American camelids : a review
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Camel Practice and Research. - : Camel Publ House. - 0971-6777 .- 2277-8934. ; 20:1, s. 129-132
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main aim of the present study was to review the general aspects of Listeria and the clinical manifestation of the disease listeriosis in humans and domestic ruminants, with emphasis on clinical signs in South American camelids. Camelids are susceptible to infection by Listeria; however, it appears that the prevalence of listeriosis in camelids is low, given that few cases have been reported. The species Listeria monocytogenes is associated with all reported cases. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of listeriosis in vicunas (Vicugna vicugna) and guanacos (Lama guanicoe).The clinical manifestations of listeriosis in llamas and alpacas are similar to in domestic ruminants and humans, namely meningoencephalitis, encephalitis, septicaemia, abortion, otitis media/interna and polyarthritis. Listerial mastitis and gastroenteritis has not yet been described in camelids. Despite reported cases, there is no specific mention of listeriosis associated with shedding of bacteria in faeces or milk. The occurrence of listeriosis in camelids needs to be confirmed and clinical signs defined.
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| 2. |
- Ekman, Elisabet
(författare)
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Pathological Studies on Mixed Dermatomycosis and Mange Infection in Camels Accompanied with Chronic Granulomatous Hidradenitis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Camel Practice and Research. - 0971-6777. ; 20, s. 309-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors describe the histopathological features of dermatomycosis and sarcoptic mange mixed infection accompanied with chronic granulomatous hidradenitis in five camel's skin samples collected from Al-Najaf slaughter house in Republic of Iraq. Direct examination of the skin scraping with 10% KOH revealed fungal organisms (mycelia and arthrospores) and mites which were consistent with Sarcoptic spp (Sarcoptes scabiei var cameli) in the macerated debris. Histological examination of the skin sections revealed dermatitis characterised by acanthosis with marked parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis and crust formation, rete-pegs, hyperplastic changes in sebaceous glands and hair follicles cells, granulomatous hidradenitis and infiltration with eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils. Sections stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Gomori's Methenamine silver (GMS) stain, revealed large numbers of fungal arthrospores and hyphae coloured bright magenta with PAS and black with GMS. In conclusion, this study reported mite infestation that occurs concurrently with dermatomycosis accompanied with granulomatous hidradenitis in a species belonging to the Camelidae. Additional studies including better understanding of pathogenesis of mixed infection and its effects on the skin immunity will be desirable for further understanding of those skin diseases in camels.
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