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- Cao, Yihai
(författare)
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Future options of anti-angiogenic cancer therapy
- 2016
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Ingår i: CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER. - : SUN YAT SEN UNIV MED SCI WHO. - 1000-467X .- 1944-446X. ; 35:21
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In human patients, drugs that block tumor vessel growth are widely used to treat a variety of cancer types. Many rigorous phase 3 clinical trials have demonstrated significant survival benefits; however, the addition of an anti-angiogenic component to conventional therapeutic modalities has generally produced modest survival benefits for cancer patients. Currently, it is unclear why these clinically available drugs targeting the same angiogenic pathways produce dissimilar effects in preclinical models and human patients. In this article, we discuss possible mechanisms of various anti-angiogenic drugs and the future development of optimized treatment regimens.
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- Fatima, Farah, et al.
(författare)
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Stem cell-derived exosomes: roles in stromal remodeling, tumor progression, and cancer immunotherapy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cancer Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2523-3548. ; 34:12, s. 541-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stem cells are known to maintain stemness at least in part through secreted factors that promote stem-like phenotypes in resident cells. Accumulating evidence has clarified that stem cells release nano-vesicles, known as exosomes, which may serve as mediators of cell-to-cell communication and may potentially transmit stem cell phenotypes to recipient cells, facilitating stem cell maintenance, differentiation, self-renewal, and repair. It has become apparent that stem cell-derived exosomes mediate interactions among stromal elements, promote genetic instability in recipient cells, and induce malignant transformation. This review will therefore discuss the potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in the context of stromal remodeling and their ability to generate cancer-initiating cells in a tumor niche by inducing morphologic and functional differentiation of fibroblasts into tumor-initiating fibroblasts. In addition, the immunosuppressive potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in cancer immunotherapy and their prospective applications in cell-free therapies in future translational medicine is discussed.
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