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| 2. |
- Hannesdottir, Anna Helga, 1952
(författare)
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Orðfræðirit frá fyrri tíð
- 2012
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Ingår i: Orð og tunga. - 1022-4610. ; 2012:14, s. 67-75
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recension av nyutgåvan av Specimen Lexici Runici (1650) och handskriften DG 55: Glossarium priscæ linguæ danicæ.
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| 3. |
- Óskarsson, Veturliði, 1958-
(författare)
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Loanwords with the prefix be- in Modern Icelandic : An example of halted borrowing
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ord og tunga. - Reykjavik : Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum. - 1022-4610. ; 17, s. 1-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Words with the German prefix be- entered Icelandic in the fifteenth to twentieth centuries, mostly from Danish. Nearly 300 words are listed in the Icelandic University Dictionary in Reykjavík. Almost no such words are, however, usable in Icelandic of today. The disappearance of these words from the language can, with some reservation, be seen as an example of a halted borrowing process. The number of new words belonging to this group, that entered Icelandic, fell drastically in the nineteenth century. Words first attested in twentieth century texts are almost all from historical novels and sailor language, and a few words are native Icelandic neologisms, which suggests that even if the prefix never acquired the role of a model for domestic word formation in Icelandic, it may have had some possibilities to take on such a role. Words of this type have been criticized by Icelandic language purists and it has been held for a fact that they were rather frequent in the language in previous centuries. An investigation of a corpus of 1,640 nineteenth century private letters does, however, not suggest that such words were common in the language of lay-people of that century, and neither does a brief comparison with another corpus of nearly 4.5 million pages from 810 magazines and periodicals.
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| 4. |
- Óskarsson, Veturliði, professor, 1958-
(författare)
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Orð koma í orða stað : Um sagnorðið fokka og nafnorðið fokk
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ord og tunga. - : The National and University Library of Iceland. - 1022-4610. ; 25, s. 43-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article discusses the words fokka (verb) and fokk (noun) in Icelandic. These words have a dual origin in the language. On the one hand, the verb was probably first borrowed from older Danish or Low German already in the 17th century, and the noun later derived from it. On the other hand, the much more recent loanword, E. fuck (verb, noun, exclamation), took the same form in the language, both in writing and pronunciation. This happened even though Icelandic phonotactics and phonology require the short vowel in English words such as butter, hut, luck, etc. to be represented by the Icel. phoneme /ö/, surfacing as [œ], when such words enter the language as loanwords or are pronounced with an Icelandic accent. However, the words fuck and fucking, which started appearing in Icelandic newspapers and magazines around 1970, are almost always pronounced and spelt differently than expected, i.e., with the vowel [ɔ] and spelt fokk, fokking, not with [œ] or spelt *fökk, *fökking. The reason probably is that the older words to a certain extent, both in terms of semantics, use and partly in pronunciation, already occupied the position that the new loanwords were expected to take in the language. However, the older words, fairly low valued, belonging to a low linguistic register and relatively rare, judging from the texts that have been examined, gave in to the new words. The new words were accompanied by pressure from popular culture, the language of young people and supported by high international use and social media. This article discusses the older words fokka and fokk, their history over the past centuries, their meaning, usage and semantic development, and compares them with the newer words derived from E. fuck who took their place, with examples taken to show what happened when the new loanwords met the old ones.
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| 5. |
- Óskarsson, Veturliði, 1958-
(författare)
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Rit um aðkomuorð á Norðurlöndum
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ord og tunga. - Reykjavik : Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum. - 1022-4610. ; 14, s. 83-89
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Óskarsson, Veturliði, 1958-
(författare)
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Um þýska viðskeytið an- og stutta viðdvöl þess í íslensku
- 2007
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Ingår i: Orð og tunga. - Reykjavík : Orðabók Háskólans. - 1022-4610. ; , s. 125-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Isländsk språkhistoria; lexikografi; om främmande prefix (an-) som inlånades till isländskan i 1500–1900-talen.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Tarsi, Matteo, 1988-
(författare)
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Að halda uppi lögum og reglu : Saga og orðmyndun orðsins lögregla
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ord og tunga. - : The National and University Library of Iceland. - 1022-4610 .- 2547-7218. ; 20, s. 105-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with the history and word formation of the Icelandic word for ‘police’, i.e. lögregla. The word constitutes an interesting case of word formation in that said lexeme is a dvandva compound whose creation is related to the expression að halda uppi lögum og reglu ‘to maintain law and order’. Moreover, it is argued that the word has arisen in the wake of the Icelandic purist movement in the first half of the 19th century, and that its creator is Konráð Gíslason, who was at the time amember of the Icelandic Literary Society (Hið íslenzka bókmenntafélag) and editor of the journal Fjölnir.According to the sources, the word, lögregla, cannot have been formed as an independent lexical item. In fact, the word appears first in a compound with maður ‘man’, meaning ‘policeman’ or, more precisely, ‘a man who is in charge of maintaininglaw and order’. It is argued that lögregla has in fact been created in order to gradually substitute the Danish loanword pólití, first in compounds such as pólitímaður and pólitíþjónn ‘policeman’, and then as a single lexeme. The Danish loanword pólití had a twofold meaning: ‘policeman’ and ‘police’. Moreover, it is argued that lögregla, as an unbound lexeme, was initially a shortened form for lögreglumaður, and later assumedthe general meaning ‘police force’ by means of synecdoche (pars pro toto).
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| 9. |
- Tarsi, Matteo, 1988-
(författare)
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On the origin of the oldest borrowed Christian terminology in Icelandic
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ord og tunga. - : The National and University Library of Iceland. - 1022-4610 .- 2547-7218. ; 18, s. 85-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with the origin of the oldest core of borrowed Christian terminology still extant in Icelandic, i.e. those words which were introduced in Old Norse in the period ranging from the first evangelical missions in Scandinavia (9th c.) to the establishment of the archbishopric in Niðarós (1153).After a short introduction (1), a brief overview of the aforementioned historical period is given (2). The corpus, which consists of 45 words, is subsequently presented alongside its semantic classification (3), of which a chronological (text-based) reading is given. In the next section (4), particular attention is drawn to a sample of ten words, which have been chosen for their importance both from a historico-linguistic and etymological perspective. Special emphasis will be placed on addressing the role of Old Saxon in the dawn of Christianity in Scandinavia and Iceland and on revising some of the etymologies proposed by the three major Icelandic etymological dictionaries (AeW, IeW and ÍOb). In the last paragraph (5), it will be stressed that a methodology which rests upon historical, alongside linguistic and philological, facts is needed if one wants to better understand the cultural and linguistical background of a particular portion of the lexicon: here, the oldest part of the Christian borrowed lexicon is analysed as a particularly interesting example.
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| 10. |
- Tarsi, Matteo, 1988-
(författare)
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Samspil tökuorða og innlendra orða í samheitapörum í Þriðju málfræðiritgerðinni
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ord og tunga. - : The National and University Library of Iceland. - 1022-4610 .- 2547-7218. ; 22, s. 69-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article is concerned with the coexistence and interplay of loanwords and native words (synonymic word pairs) in the Third Grammatical Treatise. The discussion offered in the present article is part of a larger research project on loanwords and native synonyms in Icelandic in the period from the twelfth century to around 1550. The focus of this article is on how loanword/native word pairs appear in the Third Grammatical Treatise and thus on the dynamics at the core of the alternation between loanwords and native words in this work. In addition, the research seeksto establish a relative chonology for the constituents of each word pair. Finally, the dynamics between loanwords and native words in the lexicon are illustrated in a set of generalizations.
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