| 1. |
- Carson, Dean, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Indigenous health and community services employment in remote Northern Territory : a baseline examination of 2006 and 2011 Census data
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Australian journal of rural health. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1038-5282 .- 1440-1584. ; 19:5, s. 255-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To establish a baseline of levels of Indigenous professional engagement in the health and community services sector in remote Northern Territory.Design: Analysis of data from 2001 and 2006 Census.Setting: Northern Territory – Balance Statistical Division.Participants: Persons employed in health and community services sector in 2006.Main outcome measures: Indigenous status, level of education, current education status, occupation type and residential mobility.Results: Indigenous employment grew by 137% between 2001 and 2006. In 2006, 42% of Indigenous employees were labourers and 9% professionals, in contrast to non‐Indigenous workers of whom 41% were professionals and 5% labourers. Over 50% of workers who moved into the region between 2001 and 2006 were professionals, compared with 20% of those who had remained in the region. Indigenous in‐migrants were twice as likely as Indigenous people who had stayed in the region to be professionals. Indigenous workers were much less likely to have post‐school educational qualifications than non‐Indigenous workers. Indigenous workers were also less likely to be studying for a post‐school qualification. Indigenous in‐migrants were three times as likely to have post‐school qualifications than Indigenous people who had remained in the region and were also more likely to be enrolled in post‐school education.Conclusions: The baseline is low Indigenous engagement as professional labour, and low Indigenous engagement in formal education. Mobile Indigenous people have higher levels of engagement. The situation might be addressed by increased formal education in remote areas and increased mobility of Indigenous health labour.
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| 2. |
- Mannestal Johansson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Who brings dengue into North Queensland? A descriptive, exploratory study
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Australian journal of rural health. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1038-5282 .- 1440-1584. ; 20:3, s. 150-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the demographics, patterns of assessment and treatment of people visiting a regional emergency department with potential diagnoses of malaria or dengue fever. Design: To identify potential dengue fever cases, we used an indicator of recent overseas travel and fever that is a request for malaria testing. A chart audit of 301 medical records of people between 2008 and 2010 was conducted to describe patient characteristics, diagnostic tests performed and treatment. Setting: A regional hospital located in the wet tropics. Results: Malaria testing was most often performed on Australian citizens (64.1%), medical evacuees (20.3%) and tourists (18.6%). Overall, 49.8% of patients tested for malaria did not also have a dengue test, despite being indicated in 54% of this group. People tested for malaria usually lived in a residential house or unit (69.7%). Only 9% were staying in hotels and hostels. Oceania was the most commonly visited region in the two weeks prior to presentation. Malaria was diagnosed in 17.3% and dengue fever in 12% of patients tested. Patients with dengue fever were more likely than patients with malaria to self-refer to hospital, be staying in commercial accommodation and to have recently travelled to Southeast Asia. Conclusion: Both dengue fever and malaria occur predominantly in residents who reside in non-commercial accommodation. Efforts to identify imported dengue fever cases should focus on both tourists and local residents returning from overseas countries.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Lexin, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence-based use of medications in patients with coronary artery disease in a rural Australian community
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Australian journal of rural health. - : Wiley. - 1038-5282 .- 1440-1584. ; 15:4, s. 241-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the evidence-based use of major drug groups for coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chronic heart failure and to identify potential interactions. Design: A retrospective study. Setting: A major non-metropolitan teaching hospital in rural New South Wales. Participants: Includes 24 men and 25 women, with an age average of 77.2 +/- 7.5 years, range 60-96 years. All patients were over 18 years old with CAD and heart failure. Main outcome measures: The evidence-based use of medications and potential drug interactions. Results: On admission, 71% were treated with aspirin/clopidogrel, 71% with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blocker, 39% with beta-blockers, 29% with short-acting nitrates and 59% with statins. The use of these medications remained unchanged at time of discharge (P > 0.05). Of the 23 patients with hypertension at admission, blood pressure was controlled in seven (30%) before discharge. Potential drug interactions were identified in 37% of the patients. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were used in seven (14%) patients. Conclusions: The use of aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blocker, beta-blockers, short-acting nitrate and statins in patients with CAD compares favourably with international literatures. However, there is room for improvement in the use of beta-blockers and statins. A greater effort needs to be made to prevent clinically significant drug interactions.
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| 4. |
- Ge, Li, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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‘Is gestational diabetes a severe illness?’ : exploring beliefs and self‐care behaviour among women with gestational diabetes living in a rural area of the south east of China
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Australian journal of rural health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1038-5282 .- 1440-1584. ; 24:6, s. 378-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study explores beliefs about illnessand health and self-care behaviour among womenwith gestational diabetes living in a rural area of thesouth east of China.Design: A qualitative exploratory study using semistructuredinterviews and qualitative content analysis.Setting: A hospital located in the outskirts of a city inthe south east of China.Participants: Seventeen women with gestational diabetesin 34–38th pregnant weeks.Results: The beliefs about gestational diabetes amongthe women in the present study were found to be bidirectional.Some of them feared the illness and its negativeinfluence on health, while others believed that itwas not a severe illness and disbelieved the diagnosisof gestational diabetes. They related their illness andhealth to the individual, social and natural factors.They mainly sought help from the professional sector,but did not fully comply with the professionals’advice. Diet control and exercise were their main selfcaremeasures, but none of them self-monitored theirblood glucose. They demonstrated their misunderstandingabout diet control and self-monitoring ofblood glucose.Conclusions: This study highlighted the serious lackof knowledge, lower level of risk awareness and poorself-care behaviour among women in this group.Health professionals were found to be the most importantsource of knowledge about gestational diabetesfor these women. The influence of Chinese culture was demonstrated. Gestational diabetes among thesewomen can most likely be improved by training thehealth professionals and by health education involvingindividuals, families and the rural communities.
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| 5. |
- Svensson, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Using firefighters as medical first responders to shorten responsetime in rural areas in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Australian journal of rural health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1038-5282 .- 1440-1584. ; 28:1, s. 6-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To map out and describe an earlier response by using firefighters as medical first responders on while waiting for the ambulance and first incident person assignments focusing on frequency, event time and survival >30 days after performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Design: Retrospective descriptive design.Setting: Ambulance service in a county of southern Sweden with a population of 200 000 inhabitants (23/km2).Participants: Data were collected from four data systems within different organizations; emergency medical communication centre, fire deparment, ambulance services and county hospital analysis unit.Main outcome measure(s): Data from 600 while waiting for the ambulance assignments, whereof 120 with first incident person present, collected between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2016. Between 1 June 2014 and 1 October 2015, the two fire departments were dually dispatched on out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.Results: Three main findings were made: there was a prolonged process time for dispatching fire fighters on while waiting for the ambulance assignments. Dual dispatches did not shorten the process time for dispatching full-time firefighters, and, in a majority of while waiting for the ambulance assignments where cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed, firefighters or first incident persons arrived first on the scene.Conclusion: Minimising every minute that delays the performance of life-saving actions is crucial. By dispatching firefighters on while waiting for the ambulance assignments in rural areas, the response time in a majority of assignments was shortened. However, there was substantial delay in dispatching firefighters due to prolonged process time at the emergency medical communication centre. The emergency medical communication centre operator's ability to quickly assess the need for while waiting for the ambulance assignments plays a crucial role in the chain of survival.
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| 6. |
- Williams, Jennifer
(författare)
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Understanding rural and remote divisions under a workforce framework.
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Australian journal of rural health. - 1038-5282 .- 1440-1584. ; 6:3, s. 156-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Australia, divisions of general practice are the organisational structures for local networks of general practitioners. They facilitate communication across the profession and with other parts of the health system and are established in urban, rural and remote areas. Funding is provided contractually to divisions through the Federal Government's Divisions and Projects Grants Program. The under-supply of doctors and other health professionals in rural and remote areas of Australia is a serious problem that has far-reaching effects. The present paper argues that if the Divisions and Projects Grants Program is to be effective in achieving its aims and objectives, then the Program's policies must be responsive to the different needs, roles, constraints, expectations and capabilities of divisions and their members as well as the structural impediments imposed by the medical workforce.
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