| 1. |
- Back, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Parental opinions of their child's experience in the legal process : an interpretative analysis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Routledge. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 23:3, s. 290-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to demonstrate how parents of children who are victims of sexual assault experience the legal process from the children’s and parents’ perspective. Nine parents, identified in the records of three public prosecution offices in three cities in Sweden, were interviewed. The parents described feelings of shame and guilt over what their children had experienced. They felt stigmatized and had difficulty fulfilling their parental role, perceived a lack of information and support from the professionals involved, and experienced a sense of withdrawal from their role as parents, though they felt the professionals who worked with their children were helpful and influential.
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| 2. |
- Ernberg, Emelie, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Prosecution of Child Sexual Abuse Cases Involving Preschool-Aged Children: A Study of Swedish Cases from 2010 to 2014
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 27:7, s. 832-851
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alleged child sexual abuse against preschool-aged children is often considered one of the most challenging cases for a prosecutor to handle. The aim of the current study was to examine differences between prosecuted and discontinued cases of alleged sexual abuse of preschool-aged children. Data from Swedish criminal cases of alleged sexual abuse of children ages 2–6 issued from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed (N=130). Prosecuted cases were more likely to contain forensic evidence (documentation of abuse, corroborative DNA evidence, or a corroborative medical examination), or a confession from the suspect, while such evidence was not available in any discontinued case. Furthermore, cases where the child was older, where the prosecutor had decided to conduct an interview with the child, and where there was more than one alleged victim were more likely to be prosecuted. Factors that were associated with a decreased likelihood of prosecution were ongoing custody disputes between parents, foster care placements prior to the abuse, and if the report concerned a boy. Boys and younger children were also less likely to be interviewed. The results suggest that prosecution of sexual abuse cases involving preschool-aged children remains difficult and that there is room for improvements in these investigations.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fredlund, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents' Lifetime Experience of Selling Sex : Development Over Five Years
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Routledge. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 22:3, s. 312-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lifetime experience of selling sex among adolescents was investigated together with sociodemographic correlates, parentchild relationship, and the existence of people to confide in. Changes over time regarding the selling of sex were investigated through a comparison of data from 2004 and 2009. This study was carried out using 3,498 adolescents from a representative sample of Swedish high school students with a mean age 18.3 years. Of these adolescents, 1.5% stated that they had given sexual services for reimbursement and both male and female buyers existed. The adolescents who had sold sex had a poorer parentchild relationship during childhood and had fewer people to confide in about problems and worries. Changes over time were found especially regarding the Internet as a contact source and also immigrant background.
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| 5. |
- Kisanga, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Child Sexual Abuse: Community Concerns in Urban Tanzania
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 20:2, s. 196-217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore community perceptions about child sexual abuse in Tanzania. Thirteen focus group discussions were conducted with adult community members. The core category, children's rights challenged by lack of agency, was supported by eight categories. Aware but distressed portrayed feelings of hopelessness, lack of trust in the healthcare and legal systems reflected perceived malpractice, decreased respect for children's rights referred to poor parental care and substance abuse, myths justifying CSA illustrated cultural beliefs to rationalize child sexual abuse, disclosure threatened by fear of stigma and discrimination aligned the manifestations that prevent disclosure, actions driven by economic circumstances described the economical dependence of victims, urging a change in procedures reflected informants' wish to ally with local governance and pressure groups, and willingness to act indicated the community's role in supporting victims. The study showed how lack of agency calls for efforts to increase children's human rights at all levels.
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| 6. |
- Kisanga, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Parents' Experiences of Reporting Child Sexual Abuse in Urban Tanzania
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 22:5, s. 481-498
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports parental experiences of legally reporting child sexual abuse in Tanzania. Based on in-depth interviews, four types of sexual abuse incidents are portrayed. Each evokes different reactions from parents and the community. An incident characterized as the innocent child was associated with a determination to seek justice. The forced-sex youth elicited feelings of parental betrayal of their child. The consenting curious youth resulted in uncertainty of how to proceed, while the transactional-sex youth evoked a sense of parental powerlessness to control the child because of low economic status. Differentiating between types of sexual abuse incidents may increase awareness of the complexities of child sexual abuse reporting. Education on laws regulating sexual offenses and a functional national child protection system are needed to address child sexual abuse complexities and safeguard the rights of children in Tanzania.
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| 7. |
- Kisanga, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of Child Sexual Abuse-A Qualitative Interview Study with Representatives of the Socio-Legal System in Urban Tanzania
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 19:3, s. 290-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through in-depth interviews, this study explored perceptions and experiences of key players handling child sexual offense cases in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The informants included public police investigators, magistrates, legal workers, and social workers working with nongovernmental organizations. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Five themes emerged summarizing factors associated with sexual offenses, including community passivity, legal system weaknesses, legal framework inadequacy, and key players' vulnerabilities. Addressing the identified weaknesses may promote justice, while changes in attitudes and norms are needed for the prevention of sexual offenses to children.
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| 8. |
- Kloppen, Kathrine, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in the Nordic Countries: A Literature Review
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 25:1, s. 37-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review examined child sexual abuse in the Nordic countries focusing on prevalence rates and victims age and relationship to the perpetrator. The results show a prevalence of child sexual abuse (broadly defined) between 3-23% for boys and 11-36% for girls. The prevalence rates for contact abuse were 1-12% for boys and 6-30% for girls, while 0.3-6.8% of the boys and 1.1-13.5% of the girls reported penetrating abuse. The findings suggest an increased risk of abuse from early adolescence. In adolescence, peers may constitute the largest group of perpetrators. The results highlight the need for preventive efforts also targeting peer abuse. Future research should include cross-national and repeated studies using comparable methodology.
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| 9. |
- Lainpelto, Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Does Information About Neuropsychiatric Diagnoses Influence Evaluation of Child Sexual Abuse Allegations?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 25:3, s. 276-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed at investigating if attitudes toward children with neuropsychiatric disorders influence evaluations concerning allegations of child sexual abuse. Law students (n = 107) at Stockholm University, Sweden, were presented a transcript of a mock police interview with a girl, 11 years of age. This interview was based on a real case, selected as a “typical” example from these years concerning contributions from the interviewer and the alleged victim. After having read the transcript, the students responded to a questionnaire concerning degree of credibility, if the girl talked about events that had really occurred, richness of details, and if the narrations were considered truthful and age-adequate. Fifty-four of the students were also told that the girl had been given the diagnoses of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and Asperger syndrome. Students who were informed about the diagnoses gave significantly lower scores concerning credibility of the interviewee. To a lesser degree they regarded her narrations as expressions of what had really occurred and considered her statements less truthful. Furthermore, they found that the narrations contained fewer details. Finally, they found the girl less competent to tell about abuse. We conclude that a neuropsychiatric disorder may infer risks of unjustified skeptical attitudes concerning trustworthiness and cognitive capacity.
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| 10. |
- Lindblad, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual abuse allegations by children with neuropsychiatric disorders
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1053-8712 .- 1547-0679. ; 20:2, s. 182-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All Swedish court cases from 2004 and 2006 concerning alleged child sexual abuse (sexual harassment excluded) were identified through criminal registers. Fourteen cases (one boy) concerned a child with a neuropsychiatric disorder. The diagnostic groups were mental retardation (10 cases), autism (three cases), and ADHD (one case). Psychiatric experts were engaged in only two cases. When experts were involved, the courts focused on credibility issues. When the courts applied neuropsychiatric arguments in the absence of an expert, they used developmental arguments. When the authors found that significant neuropsychiatric issues were not discussed by the court it concerned interpretations of symptoms and developmental standpoints. The results illustrate the complexity and pitfalls of drawing conclusions about associations between symptoms and personality characteristics on one side and accuracy of sexual abuse allegations on the other. Moreover, the results highlight the importance of a high quality system for providing courts with adequate neuropsychiatric knowledge.
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