| 1. |
- Abraha Gebrekidan, Desalegn, et al.
(author)
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How Developed-Country Firms Make Standardization/Transfer and Adaptations Decisions in Relation to their Developing-Host-Country Operations?
- 2019
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - : Routledge. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 25:2, s. 107-143
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Factors influencing firms’ standardization and adaptations decisions tend to be treated as static isolated entities in the extant literature. Further, the focus is predominantly on Western MNCs and product development or marketing functions with manufacturing firms and the emerging/developing country perspective underrepresented. We explore factors, as well as their interrelations that determine standardization and adaptations decisions when a developed country manufacturing firm establishes operations in a developing country. Purposefully, Italian manufacturing firms with operations in Vietnam are examined. We identify functions, processes, and practices that are standardized/transferred and those that are adapted. A theoretical model is developed based on the findings.
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| 2. |
- Cordeiro, Cheryl Marie, et al.
(author)
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An Integrated Economic Sociology Approach to Market-as-Network : The Example of a Shared Business Environment between Norway and China
- 2021
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - : Routledge. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 27:4, s. 357-381
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study applies an economic sociology perspective in exploring the importance of cultural embeddedness of firm economic activities across borders. The findings are data driven and uses the seafood trade and its shared business environments between Norway and China as case example. The empirical findings of this study show that market-as-network, and actor-to-actor interrelationships will become increasingly important in forming resilient business networks. It also illustrates how economic sociology can provide a holistic framework of analysis in studying cultural embeddedness.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hamid, Moini, et al.
(author)
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Foreign Market Entry: The Case of SMEs in the Czech Republic
- 2008
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - : Routledge. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 14:1, s. 41-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This research used a case-study method, through personal interviews with owners, CEOs, or other senior officers of eight SMEs in the Czech Republic in order to determine factors affecting their foreign market entry. It examined six research questions on factors which have been identified by previous research to influence SMEs' foreign market entry. It was found that exporting SMEs in the Czech Republic tend to be larger, and more motivated in systematically exploring export opportunities than their non-exporting counterpart. Exporting SMEs also utilize a larger percentage of their production capacity, and have fewer problems in obtaining financial services than non-exporting SMEs. Finally, the three major challenges to the international business efforts of exporting firms in the study were financial, foreign marketing practices, and locating prospective clients/customers.
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| 5. |
- Hultén, Peter
(author)
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Contextual influence on diffusion of market-oriented approaches in Post-Soviet companies
- 2006
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 12:1, s. 5-28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper builds on earlier studies indicating a need for new management approaches in post-Soviet companies. Clearly, contextual factors have been influencing firms' adaptation to the new environment. Therefore, this paper takes a step beyond internal developments and explores how contextual aspects influence adaptation and change in local companies. Contextual influence may need time to be detected. The observations analyzed in this study cover seven years (1997 to 2003) of the transition period involving four companies from Russia and four from the Ukraine. This study's findings indicate that new management approaches need “space” for testing and adaptation in local companies. The development of “space” is linked to employees receiving clear signals from the market. It is suggested that signs of competition, customer demand, and the market's basic cash flow provide legitimacy for new work methods and approaches.
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| 6. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-
(author)
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Swedish SMEs' establishment of business in Russia : a case study
- 2009
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 15:1, s. 5-24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This case study analyzes Swedish SMEs' establishment of business in Russia. The study is based on data from a project whose objective was to help Swedish SMEs enter the Russian market. Findings indicate that market visits positively affected the managers' view on the Russian market. Interviews with four SMEs that had been successful in establishing business in Russia highlight the importance of finding a local partner with access to working market channels. A conclusion drawn is that innovativeness, flexibility, and commitment are characteristics that the exporting SMEs and their Russian partners need to share.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Johanson, Martin
(author)
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Entering and Participating in the Turbulent Russian Market : Internationalisation as a Search and Discovery Process
- 2002
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 8:No. 3/4, s. 61-82
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper discusses how foreign firms enter and operate in a turbulent Russian market. Following the internationalisation process model, this paper is based on the assumption that current business activities are a driving force of internationalisation. Since planning in highly turbulent and uncertain markets is difficult, the IP model with its emphasis on gradual learning provides a good starting point. When foreign markets are assumed to be rather static, experiential knowledge can be easily utilised in subsequent actions. However, the Russian market is highly turbulent, which questions the value of experiential knowledge and seems to challenge the validity of IP-model. In an attempt to address this problem, the paper suggests to deconstruct the concept of current business activities, so that it becomes more powerful in explaining the behaviour of firms in the markets characterised by high turbulence. Drawing on the Austrian Economics, this paper suggests that current business activities in a foreign market can conveniently be seen as consisting of two fundamental processes - search and discovery. The search process occurs when a firm already has knowledge about what it is looking for, but has to search for it. The discovery process initiates as searching for something known, but the turbulence turns it into a discovery of something else. Since the market conditions change rapidly and the knowledge is imperfectly distributed, discovery is an essential part of the firm’s business activities in the Russian market. In the end, the paper discusses the implications of search and discovery processes for firms both entering and par-ticipating in the Russian market. Finally, it advances relationship as a mechanism to handle the market turbulence.
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| 9. |
- Kvasova, Olga
(author)
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Consumers' Attitudes toward Products and Associated Marketing Unethicality as Predictors of Buying and Using Preferences : The Case of Russia
- 2012
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959. ; 18:2, s. 95-131
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines (1) the differences in Russian consumers' attitudes toward European and domestic household goods and associated unethicality of firms' marketing practices, as well as the differences in consumers' buying and using preferences and (2) the effect of consumers' attitudes toward the products and associated marketing efforts on their buying and using preferences. The findings indicate that country of origin has a substantial effect on the attitudes of Russian consumers toward all product/marketing cues examined, whereas consumers' attitudes toward products and associated marketing unethicality are important determinants of their buying/using preferences. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
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| 10. |
- Safari, Aswo, et al.
(author)
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Graftee and Grafting in Firm Internationalization
- 2023
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In: Journal of East-West Business. - : Routledge. - 1066-9868 .- 1528-6959.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study focuses on enhancing the understanding of how firm internationalization is triggered by investigating how firms cope with the lack of knowledge and networks when entering a foreign market. More specifically we are interested in answering the following research question: How do firms enter foreign markets without market-specific knowledge and market-specific network insidership? To this end, the present study implements a case study of 12 Swedish firms internationalizing into emerging markets. The study found that firms “graft” expert individuals to help firms penetrate foreign markets where they have no prior history or experience. Further, we observed the qualities of a specific type of actor we refer to as a “graftee” by describing grafting actions and showing how these graftees help firms acquire experiential knowledge and network insidership. Our empirical evidence shows that grafting impacts the form and process of internationalization, sometimes enabling an effectuation-driven market entry while, at other times, enabling a causation-driven process.
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