| 1. |
- Glover, ED, et al.
(författare)
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Developmental history of the Glover-Nilsson smoking behavioral questionnaire
- 2005
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Ingår i: American Journal of Health Behavior. - 1087-3244. ; 29:5, s. 443-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To develop a simple, easily administered pencil-and-paper questionnaire to determine the degree to which behavioral patterns play a role in smoking dependence. Methods: A modified Delphi technique was used to identify initial questions and to eliminate obvious duplications. Phase 2 utilized multiple statistical methods (principal components analysis, cluster analysis, stepwise multiple linear regression, cross tables, Mantel-Haenzel chi(2)-test, and a Gamma test) to evaluate and re- duce the number of questions from 18. Results- These analyses yielded an 11 -item questionnaire that can potentially assess behavioral dependence. Conclusion: It is hoped that the GN-SBQ will assist physicians, health care providers, and tobacco interventionists in identifying aspects of smoking addiction that are behavioral in nature. The need for future research is discussed.
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| 2. |
- Helgadóttir, Björg, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of expectations on the effects of exercise on psychological distress
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Health Behavior. - 1087-3244 .- 1945-7359. ; 38:5, s. 560-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the influence of expectations on effectiveness of exercise in reducing psychological distress.METHOD:Data came from a Swedish longitudinal population-based study consisting of 4631 people aged 20-64 years. Psychological distress was measured with the Major Depressive Inventory. Expectations (positive expectations or indifference) towards exercise were combined with exercise (regular exercise: yes or no).RESULTS:Indifferent non-exercisers had increased risk of psychological distress. Regular exercisers who were indifferent towards exercise as a self-help method were less likely to be psychologically distressed compared to exercisers with positive expectations.CONCLUSION:The results encourage systematic use of exercise in prevention and rehabilitation of persons suffering from psychological distress. People's personal expectations might not be needed for treatment effect.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Madison, Guy, et al.
(författare)
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Physical and psychological effects from supervised aerobic music exercise
- 2013
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Ingår i: American Journal of Health Behavior. - : P N G Publications. - 1087-3244 .- 1945-7359. ; 37:6, s. 780-793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess the physical and psychological effects across 11 weeks of music-exercise sessions, the participants' training experience, and attitudes towards physical activity. The effect of different music information was also investigated.METHODS: Overall, 146 sedentary volunteers were randomized into 4 exercise groups and each group received different music information. Physical capacity and psychological measures were obtained.RESULTS: Increased performance in oxygen uptake and flexibility and decreased blood pressure was found. Participants reported increased wellbeing and body-awareness, and an intention to remain physically active. No differences between groups were found.CONCLUSION: Music-exercise can be recommended to promote physical activity among sedentary individuals. The amount of musical information in synchronous music seems not to have any effects on self-selected intensity or physiological benefits.
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| 5. |
- Stickley, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Correlates of Weapon Carrying in School among Adolescents in Three Countries
- 2015
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Ingår i: American Journal of Health Behavior. - 1087-3244 .- 1945-7359. ; 39:1, s. 99-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To determine the factors associated with weapon carrying in school among Czech, Russian, and US adolescents. Methods: Logistic regression was used to analyze data drawn from the Social and Health Assessment (SAHA). Results: Violent behavior (perpetration / victimization) was linked to adolescent weapon carrying in all countries. Substance use was associated with weapon carrying among boys in all countries. Greater parental warmth reduced the odds for weapon carrying among Czech and Russian adolescents. Associating with delinquent peers was important for weapon carrying only among US adolescents. Conclusions: Factors associated with weapon carrying in school vary among countries although violent behavior and substance use may be associated with weapon carrying across countries.
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