| 1. |
- Ahmed, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Discrimination in the rental housing market: A field experiment on the Internet
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 64:2, s. 362-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a field experiment on discrimination in the housing market, using the Internet as a research platform. The procedure involved our creating three fictitious persons with distinctive sounding ethnic and gender names. These individuals applied for vacant rental apartments in Sweden that were advertised by landlords on the Internet. Our findings show that the Arabic/Muslim male received far fewer call backs, enquiries, and showings than the Swedish male. Our observations also indicate that the Swedish female met with less difficulty in terms of finding an apartment than the Swedish male. Thus, based on our findings, we conclude that ethnic, as well as gender discrimination exists in the Swedish rental housing market.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Migrating natives and foreign immigration : Is there a preference for ethnic residential homogeneity?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the migration behavior of the native Swedish population following refugee immigration, with a particular focus on examining whether there is support for an ethnically based migration response. Using rich geo-coded Swedish data, we account for possible endogeneity problems by combining policy-induced initial immigrant settlements with exogenous contemporaneous immigration as captured by refugee shocks. We find the same flight among all natives, irrespective of their parental foreign background. This suggests that ethnic distance to the new immigrants is not the dominant channel causing natives' flight behavior. Instead, refugee immigration seems to lead to more socio-economically segregated neighborhoods.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Urbanization, productivity, and innovation : Evidence from investment in higher education
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 66:1, s. 2-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the past two decades, Swedish government policy has decentralized post-secondary education throughout the country. We investigate the economic effects of this decentralization policy on the level of productivity and innovation and their spatial distribution in the national economy. We find important and significant effects of this investment policy upon economic output and the locus of knowledge production, suggesting that the decentralization has affected regional development through local innovation and increased creativity. Our evidence also suggests that aggregate productivity was increased by the deliberate policy of decentralization. Finally, we estimate the spillovers of university investment over space, finding that they are substantial, but that they are greatly attenuated. Agglomerative effects decline rapidly; roughly half of the productivity gains from these investments are manifest within 5-8 km of the community in which they are made.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ando, Michihito
(författare)
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Dreams of urbanization : Quantitative case studies on the local impacts of nuclear power facilities using the synthetic control method
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 85, s. 68-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses the synthetic control (SC) method to examine how the establishment of nuclear power facilities (NPFs) in Japan in the 1970s and 1980s has affected local per capita income levels in the municipalities in which they were localted (NPF municipalities). Eight quantitative case studies using the SC method clarify that the effects of NPF establishment on per capita taxable income levels are highly heterogeneous. The estimated effects are often economically meaningful and in some cases huge: the income level was 11% higher on average and 62% higher in one municipality in 2002 when compared with counterfactual units. On the other hand a few of the NPF municipalities have received only weak or negligible effects from NPF establishment. The post-estimation comparisons of employment between the NPF municipalities and the SC units suggest that the size of the direct labor demand shocks and subsequent indirect employment effects on nontradable service sectors have contributed to the increase in per capita income levels.
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| 6. |
- Aronsson, Thomas, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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A Note on Public Goods in a Decentralized Fiscal Union : Implications of a Participation Constraint
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 84, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper re-examines the question of whether federal ex-post redistribution in terms of public funds leads to under-provision of public goods when member states may leave the economic federation. We show that federal ex-post redistribution under a binding participation constraint does not necessarily mean under-provision of local and federal public goods.
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| 7. |
- Bastani, Spencer, Docent, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnicity and tax filing behavior
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 116:March, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze differences in tax filing between natives and immigrants, focusing on two empirical examples. First, we study deductions for costs associated with traveling between home and work allowed in the Swedish tax code. Using the total population of commuters within Sweden's largest commuting zone, we find that newly arrived immigrants file substantially less than natives, immigrants with a longer stay behave more like natives, and immigrants with the longest stay file the most, even more than natives. Second, we analyze bunching behavior among the self-employed at a large salient kink point of the Swedish income tax schedule. We find much less bunching among immigrants, even after a long time in the host country, and the largest differences relative to natives in residential areas with a high immigrant concentration. Our findings have implications for the equity and efficiency of the tax system and the spatial patterns of residential and occupational choices for different ethnic groups.
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| 8. |
- Berger, Thor, et al.
(författare)
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Collaboration and connectivity : Historical evidence from patent records
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0094-1190 .- 1095-9068. ; 139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Why has collaboration become increasingly central to technological progress? We document the role of lowered travel costs by combining patent data with the rollout of the Swedish railroad network in the 19th and early -20th century. Inventors that gain access to the network are more likely to produce collaborative patents, which is partly driven by long-distance collaborations with other inventors residing along the emerging railroad network. These results suggest that the declining costs of interacting with others is fundamental to account for the long-term increase in inventive collaboration.
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| 9. |
- Berger, Thor, et al.
(författare)
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Locomotives of local growth: The short- and long-term impact of railroads in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Urban Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-9068 .- 0094-1190. ; 98, s. 124-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the impact of railroads on 150 years of urban growth in Sweden, identifying the short- and long-term effects of a first wave of railroad construction. Difference-in-differences and instrumental variable estimates show that towns that gained access experienced substantial relative increases in population, though such growth mainly reflected a relocation of economic activity. Over the twentieth century, we find little evidence of convergence in town populations, despite the railroad network expanding further to connect nearly all towns. Evidence on historical investments and present-day factors is consistent with the idea that the transitory shock of the first railroads gave rise to path dependence in the location of economic activity.
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| 10. |
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